English-Thai Dictionary

espionage

N จารกรรม  secret service spying ja-ra-kam

 

Webster's 1828 Dictionary

ESPIONAGE

n.The practice or employment of spies; the practice of watching the words and conduct of others and attempting to make discoveries, as spies or secret emissaries; the practice of watching others without being suspected, and giving intelligence of discoveries made.

 

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

ESPIONAGE

Es "pi *o *nage, n. Etym: [F. espionnage, fr. espionner to spy, fr. espion spy, OF. espie. See Espy. ]

 

Defn: The practice or employment of spies; the practice of watching the words and conduct of others, to make discoveries, as spies or secret emissaries; secret watching.

 

New American Oxford Dictionary

espionage

es pi o nage |ˈespēəˌnäZH, -ˌnäj ˈɛspiəˌnɑʒ | ▶noun the practice of spying or of using spies, typically by governments to obtain political and military information. ORIGIN late 18th cent.: from French espionnage, from espionner ‘to spy, ’ from espion ‘a spy. ’

 

Oxford Dictionary

espionage

espionage |ˈɛspɪənɑːʒ, -ɪdʒ | ▶noun [ mass noun ] the practice of spying or of using spies, typically by governments to obtain political and military information. ORIGIN late 18th cent.: from French espionnage, from espionner ‘to spy ’, from espion ‘a spy ’.

 

American Oxford Thesaurus

espionage

espionage noun an American pilot suspected of espionage: spying, infiltration; eavesdropping, surveillance, reconnaissance, intelligence, undercover work.

 

Oxford Thesaurus

espionage

espionage noun the shadowy world of espionage: spying, undercover work, cloak-and-dagger activities, surveillance, reconnaissance, intelligence, eavesdropping, infiltration, counter-espionage, counter-intelligence; in Japan ninjutsu; informal bugging, wiretapping, recon.

 

Sanseido Wisdom Dictionary

espionage

es pi o nage /éspiənɑ̀ːʒ, -nɪdʒ, -̀---́ /〖＜フランス 〗名詞 U ｟かたく ｠スパイ活動 [行為 ](spying ); スパイの使用 .