English-Thai Dictionary

refractory

ADJ ซึ่ง ทน ความร้อน  ซึ่ง หลอม ยาก  heat-resistant sueng-ton-kwam-ron

 

refractory

ADJ ซึ่ง ไม่ ตอบสนอง ต่อ การรักษา  ดื้อยา  unresponsive to treatment sueng-mai-tob-sa-nong-tor-kan-rak-sa

 

refractory

ADJ ดื้อรั้น  หัวดื้อ  หัวรั้น  ไม่ อ่อนน้อม  disobedient recalcitrant due-ran

 

refractory

ADJ วัตถุ ทน ความร้อน สูง  วัตถุ ที่ ไม่ หลอมละลาย เมื่อ ถูก ความร้อน  heat-resistant wad-tu-ton-kwam-ron-suang

 

Webster's 1828 Dictionary

REFRACTORY

a.[L. refractarius, from refragor, to resist; re and fragor, from frango.] 1. Sullen or perverse in opposition or disobedience; obstinate in non-compliance; as a refractory child; a refractory servant.
Raging appetites that are most disobedient and refractory.
2. Unmanageable; obstinately unyielding; as a refractory beast.
3. Applied to metals, difficult of fusion; not easily yielding to the force of heat.

 

REFRACTORY

n. 1. A person obstinate in opposition or disobedience.
2. Obstinate opposition. [Not used. ]

 

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

REFRACTORY

Re *frac "to *ry (-r ), a. Etym: [L. refractorius, fr. refringere: cf. F.refractaire. See Refract. ]

 

1. Obstinate in disobedience; contumacious; stubborn; unmanageable; as, a refractory child; a refractory beast. Raging appetites that are Most disobedient and refractory. Shak.

 

2. Resisting ordinary treatment; difficult of fusion, reduction, or the like; -- said especially of metals and the like, which do not readily yield to heat, or to the hammer; as, a refractory ore.

 

Syn. -- Perverse; contumacious; unruly; stubborn; obstinate; unyielding; ungovernable; unmanageable.

 

REFRACTORY

REFRACTORY Re *frac "to *ry, n.

 

1. A refractory person. Bp. Hall.

 

2. Refractoriness. [Obs. ] Jer. TAylor.

 

3. OPottery ) A piece of ware covered with a vaporable flux and placed in a kiln, to communicate a glaze to the other articles. Knight.

 

New American Oxford Dictionary

refractory

re frac to ry |riˈfraktərē rɪˈfræktəri | ▶adjective formal 1 stubborn or unmanageable: his refractory pony. 2 resistant to a process or stimulus: some granules are refractory to secretory stimuli. • Medicine (of a person, illness, or diseased tissue ) not yielding to treatment: healing of previously refractory ulcers. • Medicine, rare (of a person or animal ) resistant to infection. • technical (of a substance ) resistant to heat; hard to melt or fuse. ▶noun ( pl. refractories ) technical a substance that is resistant to heat. DERIVATIVES re frac to ri ness noun ORIGIN early 17th cent.: alteration of obsolete refractary, from Latin refractarius ‘stubborn ’ (see also refract ).

 

refractory period

re frac to ry pe ri od ▶noun Physiology a period immediately following stimulation during which a nerve or muscle is unresponsive to further stimulation.

 

Oxford Dictionary

refractory

re |frac ¦tory |rɪˈfrakt (ə )ri | ▶adjective formal 1 stubborn or unmanageable: his refractory pony. 2 resistant to a process or stimulus. • Medicine (of a person, illness, or diseased tissue ) not yielding to treatment: healing of previously refractory ulcers. • Medicine, rare (of a person or animal ) resistant to infection. • technical (of a substance ) resistant to heat; hard to melt or fuse. ▶noun ( pl. refractories ) technical a substance that is resistant to heat. DERIVATIVES refractoriness noun ORIGIN early 17th cent.: alteration of obsolete refractary, from Latin refractarius ‘stubborn ’ (see also refract ).

 

refractory period

re |frac ¦tory period ▶noun Physiology a period immediately following stimulation during which a nerve or muscle is unresponsive to further stimulation.

 

American Oxford Thesaurus

refractory

refractory adjective formal their refractory children: obstinate, stubborn, mulish, pigheaded, obdurate, headstrong, self-willed, wayward, willful, perverse, contrary, recalcitrant, obstreperous, disobedient, difficult; informal balky; archaic contumacious, froward. ANTONYMS obedient.

 

Oxford Thesaurus

refractory

refractory adjective a refractory child: obstinate, stubborn, stubborn as a mule, mulish, bull-headed, pig-headed, obdurate, headstrong, self-willed, wayward, wilful, perverse, contrary, recalcitrant, obstreperous, disobedient, insubordinate, rebellious, mutinous, defiant, stiff-necked, intractable, intransigent, unyielding, unmalleable, unmanageable, ungovernable, unpersuadable; Scottish thrawn; informal cussed; Brit. informal bloody-minded, bolshie, stroppy; N. Amer. informal balky; archaic contumacious, froward; rare contrarious. ANTONYMS obedient, manageable.

 

Sanseido Wisdom Dictionary

refractory

re frac to ry /rɪfrǽkt (ə )ri /形容詞 1 ｟かたく ｠〖通例 名詞 の前で 〗頑固な, 扱いにくい 〈人 〉.2 〘医 〙治療 [治癒 ]しにくい 〈病気 病状 〉; (病気に対して )免疫がある .3 溶けにくい ; 耐火性の .