English-Thai Dictionary

abstraction

N นามธรรม  idea concept nam-ma-tam

 

abstractionist

N นัก วาดรูป  abstract nak-wad-roob-abs-trak

 

Webster's 1828 Dictionary

ABSTRACTION

n. 1. The act of separating, or state of being separated.
2. The operation of the mind when occupied by abstract ideas; as when we contemplate some particular part, or property of a complex object, as separate from the rest. Thus, when the mind considers the branch of a tree by itself, or the color of the leaves, as separate from their size or figure, the act is abstraction. so also, when it considers whiteness, softness, virtue, existence, as separate from any particular objects.
The power which the understanding has of separating the combinations which are presented to it, is distinguished by logicians, by the name of abstraction.
Abstraction is the ground-work of classification, by which things are arranged in orders, genera, and species. We separate in idea the qualities of certain objects which are of the same kind, from others which are different in each, and arrange the objects having the same properties in a class, or collected body.
3. A separation from worldly objects, a recluse life; as a hermit's abstraction.
4. Absence of mind; inattention to present objects.
5. In the process of distillation, the term is used to denote the separation of the volatile parts, which rise, come over, and are condensed in a receiver, from those which are fixed. It is chiefly used, when a fluid is repeatedly poured upon any substance in a retort, and distilled off, to change its state, or the nature of its composition.

 

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

ABSTRACTION

Ab *strac "tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. abstraction. See Abstract, a.]

 

1. The act of abstracting, separating, or withdrawing, or the state of being withdrawn; withdrawal. A wrongful abstraction of wealth from certain members of the community. J. S. Mill.

 

2. (Metaph.)

 

Defn: The act process of leaving out of consideration one or more properties of a complex object so as to attend to others; analysis. Thus, when the mind considers the form of a tree by itself, or the color of the leaves as separate from their size or figure, the act is called abstraction. So, also, when it considers whiteness, softness, virtue, existence, as separate from any particular objects.

 

Note: Abstraction is necessary to classification, by which things are arranged in genera and species. We separate in idea the qualities of certain objects, which are of the same kind, from others which are different, in each, and arrange the objects having the same properties in a class, or collected body. Abstraction is no positive act: it is simply the negative of attention. Sir W. Hamilton.

 

3. An idea or notion of an abstract, or theoretical nature; as, to fight for mere abstractions.

 

4. A separation from worldly objects; a recluse life; as, a hermit's abstraction.

 

5. Absence or absorption of mind; inattention to present objects.

 

6. The taking surreptitiously for one's own use part of the property of another; purloining. [Modern ]

 

7. (Chem. )

 

Defn: A separation of volatile parts by the act of distillation. Nicholson.

 

ABSTRACTIONAL

ABSTRACTIONAL Ab *strac "tion *al, a.

 

Defn: Pertaining to abstraction.

 

ABSTRACTIONIST

ABSTRACTIONIST Ab *strac "tion *ist, n.

 

Defn: An idealist. Emerson.

 

New American Oxford Dictionary

abstraction

ab strac tion |abˈstrakSHən æbˈstrækʃən | ▶noun 1 the quality of dealing with ideas rather than events: topics will vary in degrees of abstraction. • something that exists only as an idea: the question can no longer be treated as an academic abstraction. 2 freedom from representational qualities in art: geometric abstraction has been a mainstay in her work. • an abstract work of art. 3 a state of preoccupation: she sensed his momentary abstraction. 4 the process of considering something independently of its associations, attributes, or concrete accompaniments: duty is no longer determined in abstraction from the consequences. 5 the process of removing something, esp. water from a river or other source: the abstraction of water from springs and wells. ORIGIN late Middle English: from Latin abstractio (n- ), from the verb abstrahere ‘draw away ’ (see abstract ).

 

abstractionism

ab strac tion ism |abˈstrakSHəˌnizəm æbˈstrækʃəˌnɪzəm | ▶noun the principles and practice of abstract art. • the presentation of ideas in abstract terms. DERIVATIVES ab strac tion ist noun

 

Oxford Dictionary

abstraction

ab |strac ¦tion |əbˈstrakʃ (ə )n | ▶noun [ mass noun ] 1 the quality of dealing with ideas rather than events: topics will vary in degrees of abstraction. • [ count noun ] something which exists only as an idea: the question can no longer be treated as an academic abstraction. 2 freedom from representational qualities in art: geometric abstraction has been a mainstay in her work. • [ count noun ] an abstract work of art. 3 a state of preoccupation: she sensed his momentary abstraction. 4 the process of considering something independently of its associations or attributes: the question cannot be considered in abstraction from the historical context in which it was raised. 5 the process of removing something, especially water from a river or other source. ORIGIN late Middle English: from Latin abstractio (n- ), from the verb abstrahere ‘draw away ’ (see abstract ).

 

abstractionism

ab ¦strac ¦tion |ism |əbˈstrakʃ (ə )nɪz (ə )m | ▶noun [ mass noun ] the principles and practice of abstract art. • the presentation of ideas in abstract terms. DERIVATIVES abstractionist noun & adjective

 

American Oxford Thesaurus

abstraction

abstraction noun 1 philosophical abstractions: concept, idea, notion, thought, theory, hypothesis. 2 she sensed his momentary abstraction: absentmindedness, distraction, preoccupation, dreaminess, inattentiveness, inattention, woolgathering; thoughtfulness, pensiveness. 3 the abstraction of metal from ore: extraction, removal, separation.

 

Oxford Thesaurus

abstraction

abstraction noun 1 his style of writing focuses on facts rather than abstractions: concept, idea, notion, thought, generality, generalization, theory, theorem, formula, hypothesis, speculation, conjecture, supposition, presumption. ANTONYMS fact; material consideration. 2 she sensed his momentary abstraction: absent-mindedness, distraction, preoccupation, daydreaming, dreaminess, inattentiveness, inattention, wool-gathering, absence, heedlessness, obliviousness; thoughtfulness, pensiveness, musing, brooding, absorption, engrossment, raptness. ANTONYMS attention. 3 the abstraction of metal from ore: extraction, removal, separation, detachment.

 

French Dictionary

abstraction

abstraction n. f. nom féminin 1 Action d ’abstraire. 2 Idée abstraite, concept. LOCUTIONS Abstraction faite de. À l ’exclusion de. : Abstraction faite de son inexpérience, il satisfait à toutes les conditions. SYNONYME compte non tenu de . Faire abstraction de. Ne pas tenir compte de. : Nous devons faire abstraction de cette erreur de jugement.

 

Sanseido Wisdom Dictionary

abstraction

ab str á c tion 名詞 1 ｟かたく ｠C 抽象概念 ; U 抽象化 .2 U ｟書 ｠没頭 ; ぼんやりしていること, 放心 .3 U ｟かたく ｠抽出 .4 〘美 〙U 抽象 (主義 ); C 抽象主義の作品 .～ì sm 名詞 U 〘美 〙抽象主義 .～ist 名詞 C 〘美 〙抽象主義の芸術家 .