English-Thai Dictionary

ought

AUX ควรจะ  สมควร  ควร  น่าจะ  should kuan-ja

 

ought to

AUX ควรจะ  kuan-ja

 

Webster's 1828 Dictionary

OUGHT

[See Aught, the true orthography. ]

 

OUGHT

v. imperfect, aut. 1. To be held or bound in duty or moral obligation.
These ought ye to have done, and not to leave the other undone. Matthew 23:23.
We that are strong ought to bear the infirmities of the weak. Romans 15:1.
Thou oughtest therefore to have put my money to the exchangers. Matthew 25:27.
2. To be necessary; to behoove.
Ought not Christ to have suffered these things and to enter into glory? Luke 24:26.
3. To be fit or expedient in a moral view.
My brethren, these things ought not so to be. James 3:1 .
4. As a participle, owed; been indebted to.
The love and duty I long have ought you.
That followed, sir, which to myself I ought.
[In this sense, obsolete. ]
5. In Chaucer's time, it was used impersonally. "Wel ought us werke," that is, well it behooveth us to work.

 

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

OUGHT

OUGHT Ought, n. & adv.

 

Defn: See Aught.

 

OUGHT

Ought, imp. , p. p., or auxiliary. Etym: [Orig. the preterit of the verb to owe. OE. oughte, aughte, ahte, AS. ahte. sq. root11 . See Owe. ]

 

1. Was or were under obligation to pay; owed. [Obs. ] This due obedience which they ought to the king. Tyndale. The love and duty I long have ought you. Spelman. [He ] said. .. you ought him a thousand pound. Shak.

 

2. Owned; possessed. [Obs. ] The knight the which that castle ought. Spenser.

 

3. To be bound in duty or by moral obligation. We then that are strong ought to bear the infirmities of the weak. Rom. xv. 1.

 

4. To be necessary, fit, becoming, or expedient; to behoove; -- in this sense formerly sometimes used impersonally or without a subject expressed. "Well ought us work. " Chaucer. To speak of this as it ought, would ask a volume. Milton. Ought not Christ to have suffered these things Luke xxiv. 26.

 

Note: Ought is now chiefly employed as an auxiliary verb, expressing fitness, expediency, propriety, moral obligation, or the like, in the action or state indicated by the principal verb.

 

Syn. -- Ought, Should. Both words imply obligation, but ought is the stronger. Should may imply merely an obligation of propriety, expendiency, etc. ; ought denotes an obligation of duty.

 

OUGHTNESS

OUGHTNESS Ought "ness, n.

 

Defn: The state of being as a thing ought to be; rightness. [R.] N. W. Taylor.

 

New American Oxford Dictionary

ought

ought 1 |ôt ɔt | ▶modal verb ( 3rd sing. present and past ought ) [ with infinitive ] 1 used to indicate duty or correctness, typically when criticizing someone's actions: they ought to respect the law | it ought not to be allowed. • used to indicate a desirable or expected state: he ought to be able to take the initiative. • used to give or ask advice: you ought to go. 2 used to indicate something that is probable: five minutes ought to be enough time. ORIGIN Old English āhte, past tense of āgan ‘owe ’ (see owe ). usage: The verb ought is a modal verb, which means that, grammatically, it does not behave like ordinary verbs. In particular, the negative is formed with the word not by itself, without auxiliary verbs such as do or have. Thus the standard construction for the negative is he ought not to go. Note that the preposition to is required in both negative and positive statements: we ought to accept her offer, or we ought not to accept her offer (not we ought accept or we ought not accept ). The alternative forms he didn't ought to have gone and he hadn't ought to have gone, formed as if ought were an ordinary verb rather than a modal verb, are not acceptable in formal English. Reserve ought for expressing obligation, duty, or necessity, and use should for expressing suitability or appropriateness.

 

ought

ought 2 |ɔt ôt | ▶noun archaic term for aught 2. ORIGIN mid 19th cent.: perhaps from an ought, by wrong division of a nought; compare with adder .

 

ought

ought 3 |ɔt ôt | ▶pronoun variant spelling of aught 1.

 

oughtn't

ought n't |ˈôtnt ˈɔtnt | ▶contraction ought not.

 

Oxford Dictionary

ought

ought 1 |ɔːt | ▶modal verb ( 3rd sing. present and past ought ) [ with infinitive ] 1 used to indicate duty or correctness, typically when criticizing someone's actions: they ought to respect the law | thanks for your letter which I ought to have answered sooner. • used to indicate a desirable or expected state: he ought to be able to take the initiative. • used to give or ask for advice: you ought to go | what ought I to do? 2 used to indicate something that is probable: five minutes ought to be enough time. ORIGIN Old English āhte, past tense of āgan ‘owe ’ (see owe ). usage: The verb ought is a modal verb and this means that, grammatically, it does not behave like ordinary verbs. In particular, the negative is formed with the word not alone and not also with auxiliary verbs such as do or have. Thus the standard construction for the negative is he ought not to have gone. The alternative forms he didn't ought to have gone and he hadn't ought to have gone, formed as if ought were an ordinary verb rather than a modal verb, are found in dialect from the 19th century but are not acceptable in standard modern English.

 

ought

ought 2 |ɔːt |(also aught ) ▶noun archaic term for nought. ORIGIN mid 19th cent.: perhaps from an ought, by wrong division of a nought; compare with adder 1 .

 

ought

ought 3 ▶pronoun variant spelling of aught 1.

 

oughtn't

oughtn't |ˈɔːt (ə )nt | ▶contraction ought not.

 

Sanseido Wisdom Dictionary

ought

ought /ɔːt / (! 語中の -gh-は発音しない; 文の中で強勢を受けることが多い ) 〖「owe (負う )の過去形 」＞「(助動詞 として )…すべきである 」〗コーパスの窓 oughtの用法 1 発音と形 助動詞 であるが通例ought toの形で用いられ, 主に子音の前で /ɔ́ːtə /, 母音の前で /ɔ́ːtu /と発音される.｟主に米 ｠では発音をまねてoughta, ｟まれ ｠ought aとつづられることがある .2 文の種類 a. 否定形 ｟ かたく ｠ought not to do, ｟くだけて ｠oughtn't to do, ｟米 くだけて ｠oughtn't do, ｟英 非標準 ｠didn't [shouldn't ] ought to do, などがあるが, 実際にこれらの否定形が用いられるのは ｟まれ ｠. 代わりに, I don't think you ought to go . やYou shouldn't go . などの表現が好まれるが, この傾向は特に ｟米 ｠で著しい .b. 疑問形 ｟主に英 ｠で主語とoughtの語順を転倒させた Ought I to go? が用いられることがあるが, ｟かたく ｠響き, 実際にこれらの疑問形が用いられるのは ｟まれ ｠. 英米ともに代わりに, Do you think I ought to go? やShould I go? などのように表現されることが多い .c. 否定疑問形 Oughtn't you [｟かたく ｠Ought you not ] to go? となるが, Shouldn't you go? の方が普通 .d. 付加疑問文 I ought to go, oughtn't I [╳oughtn't I to ]?よりI ought to go, shouldn't I?が好まれる .助動詞 【忠告 義務 】1 〖ought to do 〗(道徳的判断 社会的習慣 期待として )…すべきである , … しなくては [でなければ ]ならない ; (忠告 勧め 提案として )…した方がいい (!単に意見を述べるだけで, had betterのように従わない場合の重大な結果は暗示しない; ↓類義 ) ▸ You really ought to be more careful about computer viruses .コンピュータウイルスには本当にもっと注意すべきだ (!副詞 をはさむ … ought really to …のような語順は ｟かたく ｠響き ｟まれ ｠) ▸ What we ought to do now is (to ) try to learn from this loss .我々が今しなくてはならないのは今回の敗北から学ぶことだ ▸ Your term paper is not as good as it ought to be .君のレポートはあるべき水準に達していない (↓語法 (2 ))▸ My wife said that I ought to stop smoking .妻は私が禁煙した方がいいと言った (!過去の従属節中ではoughtのままでよい ) .語法 コーパス 1 語調 ｟話 ｠では語調を和らげるためにI think [believe, suppose, ｟主に米 くだけて ｠guess ], maybe, perhaps, probablyなどがしばしば添えられる ▸ I think you ought to stop smoking .禁煙した方がいいですよ .2 動詞 の省略 文脈から明らかな場合ought (to )に続く 動詞 が省略されることがある. このような省略はbe動詞よりも一般動詞が続く場合の方が好まれる ▸ I have not worked as hard as I ought to [｟かたく ｠ought ].私はするべき努力をしていない .類義 shouldとought to ought to はshouldとほぼ同様に用いられるが, should が話者の主観による道徳的判断や権威など内的要因による判断に用いられるのに対し, ought toは社会的習慣 規則など外的要因による判断を表しshouldより若干強意的. 続いて, had better, be to do, need (to ), have (got ) to, mustの順で強制力は強くなる .2 〖～ to have done 〗…すべきだった (のにしなかった )▸ You ought to have been here thirty minutes ago, but you weren't .君はここに30分前に来ているべきだったが, 来ていなかった .【推量 可能性 】3 〖ought to do 〗…のはずである , おそらく [まず ]…だろう (!(1 )｟コーパス ｠doは状態動詞, 特にbeが多い. (2 )willやmustほどではないが, 話者の可能性に対する確信度はかなり高い; →may 助動詞 冒頭の ｟語法 ｠(1 )) ▸ You ought to be able to do it .あなたはそれができるはずだ ▸ The magic show ought to be fun .そのマジックショーはきっとおもしろいだろう ▸ Alex ought to know your e-mail address .アレックスは君のEメールアドレスを知っているはずだ .4 〖～ to have done 〗a. 〖過去の推量 〗(当時は )…した [であった ]はずだ ▸ Her parents' divorce ought to have been hard for Rose .両親の離婚はローズにとってはつらかったはずだ ▸ He ought to have done that yesterday .彼はそれを昨日やったはずだ (!または 「彼はそれを昨日やるべきだった 」の意にもとれる; ↑2 ) .b. 〖過去の未実現 〗(当時は )…する [である ]はずだった (のに …しなかった [でなかった ])▸ “We ought to have passed a bridge by now. ” “Then we must have taken a wrong turn. ”「今ごろはもう橋を渡っているはずなのに 」「そうしたらどこか違う道を曲がってしまったに違いない 」.c. 〖完了の予想 〗(…までには )…して (しまって )いるはずだ ▸ Lisa ought to have been fast asleep by now .リサは今ごろはぐっすり眠っていることだろう .

 

oughta

ought a /ɔ́ːtə /｟主に米 非標準 ｠＝ought to (!発音つづり ) .

 

oughtn't

ought n't /ɔ́ːt (ə )nt /｟くだけて ｠ought notの短縮形 (→ought コーパスの窓 (2 )(a )).