old
ADJ ที่ มีประสบการณ์ ที่ ช่ำชอง ที่ ชำนาญ experienced inexperienced ti-me-pra-sob-kan
ADJ ที่อยู่ ใน ช่วง ก่อน ที่อยู่ ใน ช่วงแรก ที่อยู่ ใน อดีต former previous later after ti-yu-nai-chueng-kon
ADJ เก่าแก่ แต่ หนหลัง โบรา ณ ancient modern new kao-kea
ADJ แก่ ที่ มี อายุมาก ที่ สูงอายุ ชรา aged senile young kea
OLD
a. 1. Advanced far in years or life; having lived beyond the middle period, or rather towards the end of life, or towards the end of the ordinary term of living; applied to animals or plants; as an old man; an old age; an old camel or horse; an old tree. This adjective is placed after the noun that designates the time lived. Abraham was seventy five years old when he departed from Haran. Genesis 12:4. 2. Having been long made or used; decayed by time; as an old garment; an old house. 3. Being of long continuance; begun long ago; as an old acquaintance. 4. Having been long made; not new or fresh; as old wine. 5. Being of a former year's growth; not of the last crop; as old wheat; old hay. 6. Ancient; that existed in former ages; as the old inhabitants of Britain; the old Romans. 7. Of any duration whatever; as a year old; seven years old. How old art thou? 8. subsisting before something else. He built a new house on the site of the old one. The old law is repealed by the new. 9. Long practiced. he is grown old in vice. He is an old offender. 1 . That has been long cultivated; as old land; an old farm; opposed to new land, land lately cleared and cultivated. 11. More than enough; great. If a man were porter of hellgate, he should have old turning the key. 12. In vulgar language, crafty; cunning. Of old, long ago; from ancient times; as in days of old. We apply old chiefly to things subject to decay. We never say, the old sun, or an old mountain.
OLD Old, n.
Old, a. [Compar. Older; superl. Oldest.] Etym: [OE. old, ald, AS. ald, eald; akin to D. oud, OS. ald, OFries. ald, old, G. alt, Goth. alpeis, and also to Goth. alan to grow up, Icel. ala to bear, produce, bring up, L. alere to nourish. Cf. Adult, Alderman, Aliment, Auld, Elder. ]
old |ōld oʊld | ▶adjective ( older, oldest ) See also elder 1, eldest. 1 having lived for a long time; no longer young: the old man lay propped up on cushions. • made or built long ago: the old quarter of the town. • possessed or used for a long time: he gave his old clothes away. • having the characteristics or showing the signs of age: marble now so old that it has turned gray and chipped. 2 [ attrib. ] belonging only or chiefly to the past; former or previous: valuation under the old rating system was inexact. • used to refer to the first of two or more similar things: I was going to try to get my old job back. • dating from far back; long-established or known: we greet each other like old friends | I get sick of the same old routine. • (of a form of a language ) as used in former or earliest times. 3 [ in combination ] of a specified age: he was fourteen years old | a seven-month-old baby. • [ as noun in combination ] a person or animal of the age specified: a nineteen-year-old. 4 [ attrib. ] informal used to express affection, familiarity, or contempt: it gets the old adrenaline going | “ Good old Mom, ” she said. PHRASES any old any item of a specified type (used to show that no particular or special individual is in question ): any old room would have done. any old way in no particular order: they've dropped things just any old way. as old as the hills of very long standing or very great age (often used in exaggerated statements ). be old enough to be someone's father (or mother ) informal of a much greater age than someone (esp. used to suggest that a romantic or sexual relationship between the people concerned is inappropriate ).for old times' sake see sake 1. of old 1 in or belonging to the past: he was more reticent than of old. 2 starting long ago; for a long time: they knew him of old. the old days a period in the past, often seen as significantly different from the present, esp. noticeably better or worse: it was easier in the old days | we are less confident than in the good old days | the bad old days of incoherence and irresponsibility. DERIVATIVES old ish adjective, old ness noun ORIGIN Old English ald; related to Dutch oud and German alt, from an Indo-European root meaning ‘grown-up, adult, ’ shared by Latin alere ‘nourish. ’ usage: Where two, and no more, are involved, they may be older and younger: the older of the twins, by ten minutes, is Sam; the younger is Pamela. Where there are more than two, one may be the oldest or youngest: I have four siblings, of whom Jane is the oldest. See also former 1 and latter .
old |əʊld | ▶adjective ( older, oldest ) 1 having lived for a long time; no longer young: the old man lay propped up on cushions. See also elder 1, eldest. • made or built long ago: the old quarter of the town. • possessed or used for a long time: he gave his old clothes away. 2 [ attrib. ] belonging to the past; former: valuation under the old rating system was inexact. • used to refer to a thing which has been replaced by something similar: we moved back into our old house. • dating from far back; long-established or known: we greeted each other like old friends | I get sick of the same old routine. • denoting someone who formerly attended a specified school: an old Etonian. • (of a form of a language ) as used in former or earliest times. 3 [ in combination ] of a specified age: he was fourteen years old | a seven-month-old baby. • [ as noun ] [ in combination ] a person or animal of the age specified: a nineteen-year-old. 4 [ attrib. ] informal used to express affection, familiarity, or contempt: good old Mum | I didn't like playing with silly old dolls. PHRASES any old any item of a specified type (used to show that no particular individual is in question ): any old room would have done. any old how in no particular order: they've dropped things just any old how. as old as the hills very old (often used in exaggerated statements ). be old enough to be someone's father (or mother ) informal be much older than someone (used to suggest that a romantic or sexual relationship between the people concerned is inappropriate ).for old times' sake see sake 1. of old 1 in or belonging to the past: he was more reticent than of old. 2 for a long time: they knew him of old. the old days a period in the past, typically regarded as significantly better or worse than the present: it was easier in the old days | we are less confident than in the good old days . the Old Firm informal (in Scotland ) a name for Celtic and Rangers Football Clubs, either singly or collectively: [ as modifier ] : an Old Firm match. you can't put an old head on young shoulders proverb you can't expect a young person to have the wisdom or maturity associated with older people. DERIVATIVES oldish adjective, oldness noun ORIGIN Old English ald, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch oud and German alt, from an Indo-European root meaning ‘adult ’, shared by Latin alere ‘nourish ’.
old adjective 1 old ladies: elderly, aged, older, senior, advanced in years, up in years; venerable; in one's dotage, long in the tooth, gray-haired, grizzled, hoary; past one's prime, not as young as one was, ancient, decrepit, doddering, doddery, not long for this world, senescent, senile, superannuated; informal getting on, past it, over the hill, no spring chicken. ANTONYMS young. 2 that old barn is an eyesore: dilapidated, broken-down, beat-up, run-down, tumbledown, ramshackle, decaying, crumbling, disintegrating. ANTONYMS new, modern. 3 old clothes | an old sofa: worn, worn out, shabby, threadbare, holey, torn, frayed, patched, tattered, moth-eaten, ragged; old-fashioned, out of date, outmoded, démodé; castoff, hand-me-down; informal tatty. ANTONYMS new, fashionable. 4 a collector of old cars | the city's old architecture: antique, historic, vintage, classic; veteran. ANTONYMS new, modern. 5 she's old for her years: mature, wise, sensible, experienced, worldly-wise, knowledgeable. ANTONYMS young, inexperienced. 6 in the old days: bygone, past, former, olden, of old, previous, early, earlier, earliest; medieval, ancient, classical, primeval, primordial, prehistoric, antediluvian. ANTONYMS modern, recent. 7 the same old phrases: hackneyed, hack, banal, trite, overused, overworked, tired, worn out, stale, clichéd, platitudinous, unimaginative, pedestrian, stock, conventional; out of date, outdated, old-fashioned, outmoded, archaic, obsolete, antiquated, hoary; informal old hat, corny, played out. ANTONYMS fresh, innovative. 8 an old girlfriend: former, previous, ex-, one-time, erstwhile, once, then; formal quondam. ANTONYMS new. 9 the town has held tight to its old ways: time-honored, old-time, long-established, age-old; familiar, established; customary, usual, routine, habitual; historic, folk, ancestral, old-world. ANTONYMS modern, progressive. PHRASES old age I was not prepared to deal with my father's old age: declining years, advanced years, age, agedness, oldness, winter /autumn of one's life, senescence, senility, dotage. old person the old people in this community deserve our support: senior citizen, senior, elder, retiree, geriatric, dotard, golden ager; crone; Methuselah; septuagenarian, octogenarian, nonagenarian, centenarian; informal old-timer, oldie, oldster, codger. WORD LINKS geriatric relating to old people geriatrics the branch of medicine concerned with old people gerontology the scientific study of old age and old people Word Links sections supply words that are related to the headword but do not normally appear in a thesaurus because they are not actual synonyms.
old adjective 1 old people: elderly, mature, aged, older, senior, advanced in years, up in years, getting on; in one's dotage, long in the tooth, grey, grey-haired, grey-bearded, grizzled, hoary; past one's prime, not as young as one was, ancient, decrepit, doddering, doddery, not long for this world, ripe, senescent, senile, superannuated, venerable, septuagenarian, octogenarian, nonagenarian, centenarian; informal past it, over the hill, no spring chicken; rare longevous. ANTONYMS young. 2 old farm buildings: historic, antiquated; dilapidated, broken-down, run down, tumbledown, ramshackle, decaying, crumbling, disintegrating. ANTONYMS new, modern. 3 old clothes: worn, worn out, shabby, threadbare, holey, torn, frayed, patched, tattered, moth-eaten, ragged, yellowed; old-fashioned, out of date, outmoded; cast-off, hand-me-down; French démodé; informal tatty. ANTONYMS new, fashionable. 4 old cars: antique, veteran, vintage. ANTONYMS new, modern. 5 she is old for her years | he's an old hand: mature, wise, sensible, experienced, worldly-wise, knowledgeable, well versed, familiar, practised, skilled, skilful, adept, expert, veteran. ANTONYMS young, ingenuous, inexperienced. 6 in the old days: bygone, past, former, olden, of old, remote, previous, early, earlier, earliest; medieval, ancient, classical, primeval, primordial, prehistoric, antediluvian, forgotten, immemorial. ANTONYMS modern, recent. 7 political worthies spew out the same old phrases: hackneyed, hack, banal, trite, overused, overworked, cut and dried, tired, worn out, time-worn, stale, stereotyped, clichéd, platitudinous, unoriginal, derivative, unimaginative, commonplace, common, pedestrian, prosaic, run-of-the-mill, stock, conventional; out of date, outdated, old-fashioned, outmoded, archaic, obsolete, defunct, extinct, antiquated, antediluvian, superannuated, hoary; French passé; informal old hat, out of the ark, corny, fuddy-duddy, played out. ANTONYMS fresh, innovative, new. 8 I love the good old tunes: time-honoured, old-time, long-established, age-old, long-standing, long-lived, enduring, lasting; familiar, customary, conventional, established, ritual, ritualistic, habitual, set, fixed, routine, usual, wonted, historic, folk, old-world, ancestral. 9 an old girlfriend: former, previous, ex-, one-time, sometime, erstwhile, once, then, lapsed; formal quondam. ANTONYMS new. PHRASES old age declining years, advanced years, elderliness, age, agedness, oldness, winter /autumn of one's life, senescence, senility, dotage. ANTONYMS youth, childhood. old man 1 senior citizen, pensioner, OAP, elder, elderly man, grandfather; patriarch; Scottish & Irish bodach; informal greybeard, gaffer, old codger, old boy, old chap, old geezer, old bloke, wrinkly; Brit. informal buffer, josser; N. Amer. informal old coot; archaic grandsire, ancient; literary senex. ANTONYMS youth, boy, young man. 2 informal her old man was away fighting: husband, man; informal hubby, better half; Brit. informal other half; humorous lord and master; archaic lord. 3 informal the old man's still on the bridge: captain, owner, boss, employer, foreman, manager, overseer, superintendent, director, controller, head, headman, principal; informal head honcho; Brit. informal gaffer, guv'nor; N. Amer. informal sachem. old person senior citizen, senior, pensioner, old-age pensioner, OAP, elder, old fogey, dotard, Methuselah; N. Amer. golden ager; informal old stager, old-timer, oldie, wrinkly, crock, crumbly; N. Amer. informal oldster, woopie; offensive geriatric. ANTONYMS youngster. old woman 1 senior citizen, pensioner, OAP, elderly woman, crone; Russian babushka; informal old dear; archaic beldam, grandam, gammer, mother. ANTONYMS girl, young woman. 2 informal his old woman threw him out: wife, spouse, bride; informal old lady, wifey, better half, missus, the little woman; Brit. informal other half, her indoors, (old ) dutch, trouble and strife; N. Amer. informal mama, mamma; dated lady, memsahib. 3 informal my old woman took me to all sorts of doctors when I was a kid: mother; Indian amma; informal mum, mummy, ma, mam, mammy, mumsy, old dear, old lady; N. Amer. informal mom, mommy; dated mama, mamma, mater. 4 he's such an old woman: worrier, perfectionist, stickler, grumbler; informal fusspot; N. Amer. informal fussbudget. WORD LINKS old gerontic relating to old age geriatric relating to old people geriatrics branch of medicine concerning old people gerontology study of old age gerontocracy government by old people senesce deteriorate with old age archaeo- related prefix, as in archaeology, archaeopteryx palaeo- related prefix, as in palaeography, Palaeocene Word Links sections supply words that are related to the headword but do not normally appear in a thesaurus because they are not actual synonyms.
old /oʊld /〖語源は 「成長した 」〗形容詞 ～er ; ～est /elder ; eldest /4 , 5 , 6 , 7 は比較なし 1 古い , 古びた, 古くなった (↔new )▸ restore that old building その古い建物を修復する ▸ a bundle of old papers 古新聞の束 ▸ old American folk songs アメリカの古い民謡 (╳ American old … としない )▸ recycle old clothes 古着をリサイクルする .2 a. 年とった , 年老いた ; 年配の, 老けた (elderly ); (実際の年齢より )老けて見える (↔young )▸ Old people often complain about young people .老人はよく若者のグチを言う (!高齢者差別にもつながるので, older people (年配者 )を用いる方が丁寧; また場合に応じてretired people, the over 50s [60s ], seniorsなども使われる ) ▸ It's harder to find jobs as you grow older .歳をとるにつれて仕事を探すのが難しくなる ▸ You're never too old to have dreams .いくつになっても夢は持てる ▸ old guys like us 私らみたいな年配の者 ▸ an old face 老けて見える顔 b. (他と比較して )年上の, 年長の (!比較級, 最上級で ) ▸ He is four years older than me. ≒He is older than me by four years .彼は私より4歳年上です ▸ It doesn't matter how much older you are than me .君が僕よりどれだけ年上かなんて関係ない ▸ one's oldest son [daughter ]長男 [長女 ].c. 〖～ enough to do 〗…できる年齢の ▸ He's not old enough to vote .彼はまだ選挙ができる年齢ではない ▸ You are old enough to know better .君はもっと分別があってもいい年齢だ ▸ A is old enough to be B's father [mother ].｟くだけて 非難して ｠A 〈恋人など 〉がB 〈相手など 〉の父 [母 ]親ほどの年の差がある .3 〖数詞の後で 〗〈人が 〉…歳の; 〈物が 〉…経過して ▸ The baby is about six weeks old .その赤ん坊は生後約6週間だ ▸ The house is only 20 years old .その家は建てられてからまだ20年しかたっていない .コミュニケーション A: How old are you ? おいくつですか .B: I'm 41 (years old ). 41歳です .語法 年齢の表し方 1 「その男の子は6歳である 」は次のように表せる ▸ The boy is six years old [╳six years ].≒The boy is six. ≒The boy is six years of age .2 「6歳の男の子 」は次のように表せる ▸ a boy (who is ) six years old ≒a six-year-old boy (!yearが単数形であることに注意 ) ▸ ≒a boy of six [╳of six years old ]≒｟主に書 ｠a boy aged six .a boy of six yearsという言い方も可能だが, 次のような類例もあるので注意が必要 ▸ his wife of six years 彼が6年間連れ添った妻 .4 a. 〖名詞 の前で 〗昔の, 旧 …; かつての, 古くからの, 長年の ; 古代の, 初期段階の ▸ an old friend of mine 旧友 ▸ It was different (back ) in the old days .昔はこんなふうじゃなかった ▸ There's an old saying that goes …古くからの言い回しに …というのがある ▸ one's old teacher 昔の恩師 ▸ The good old days [╳old good days ] are over .古きよき時代は終わった ▸ in old times 古代に ▸ an old civilization 古代文明 b. 〖名詞 の前で 〗元の, 以前の 〈所有物 制度など 〉(former )▸ get one's old job back 以前していた仕事に復帰する ▸ We decided to sell our old house .前に住んでいた家は売ることにした .5 なじみの, よく知っている ; 先刻承知の ; 親愛なる ▸ old Uncle Bob おなじみのボブおじさん ▸ the old cast members おなじみの出演者たち .6 ｟話 ｠とても (!good, big, poorなどの後に置いてその 形容詞 を強調 ) ▸ He's a pretty good old boy .あいつはとってもいい子だ (!この意味ではol 'のように省略されることがある ) ▸ have a good old chat 楽しくおしゃべりをする .7 ｟話 おどけて ｠〖呼びかけで 〗(親しみを込めて )なつかしい, 親しい (!軽蔑の意味を含む語が来ることもある ) ▸ Poor old Keith had an accident .キースのやつ, 事故に遭っちまった ▸ You old bastard! このクソ野郎 .8 ｟文 ｠〈人が 〉老練の, 老巧な ▸ an old stager ベテラン .9 〖the ～; 名詞的に; 集合的に 〗老人 (!複数扱い ) ; 古い物, 昔懐かしい物 (!単数扱い ) .10 〈色が 〉くすんだ ; あせた .11 〈地勢が 〉浸食が進んだ .á ny ò ld A 1 ｟話 ｠どんなAでも 〈よいなど 〉(any ) (!oldはanyを強調; どんなAを選んでも同じであることを意味する ) .2 〖否定文で 〗(特別 [有名 ]ではない )ただのA .á ny old way ｟話 ｠〖接続詞的に 〗…するどんな方法でも .ò ld before one's t í me 〖be ～〗実際より年上のようにふるまって [見えて ].ò ld beyond one's y é ars 〖be ～〗実際より大人びて, ませて .one's old s é lf (病気 精神的苦痛から立ち直った )いつもの [元通りの ]自分 (!動詞 はbe, feel [look ] likeなど ) ▸ The next day he was almost back to his old self .次の日彼はほとんど元の状態に戻っていた .名詞 C 〖数詞を伴って 〗…歳の人 [動物 ]▸ 30 \% of 6 to 12 -year- olds 6歳から12歳までの3割 .of ó ld ｟かたく 文 ｠昔 (から )の ; ｟主に英 ｠長い間 〈知っているなど 〉 (!形容詞句としても副詞句としても使う ) .～̀ á ge →見出し語 .Ò - B á iley 〖the ～〗オールドベイリー 〘ロンドン中央刑事裁判所の通称; 正式名称はthe Central Criminal Court 〙.～̀ b á g ｟英 くだけて 非難して ｠婆 （ばばあ ）.Ò - B í ll ｟英 くだけて ｠〖the ～; 単数形で 〗警察 .～̀ b í rd ｟俗 ｠用心深い人 .～ boy 1 /-́-̀ /｟英 ｠(特に私立学校の )男子卒業生 (｟男女共用 ｠alumnus , 複 alumni )(╳OBと略さない ).2 /-̀-́ /｟主に英話 ｠老人, じいさん, おやじ .3 /-̀-́ /｟英 かたく /やや古 ｠〖呼びかけで 〗おい (!中流 上流階級の人が親しみをこめてほかの男性を呼ぶときに使う ) .～́ b ò y n è twork ｟英 くだけて 非難して ｠〖通例the ～〗(同じ大学 学校, 特に英国パブリックスクールの卒業生や同じ富裕家系出身者の )相互扶助組織, 大学の卒業生のコネ (｟男女共用 ｠graduates network ).～́ c ò untry 〖the ～; 単数形で 〗(移住する前の )生まれ故郷 ; 故国 (!特にアメリカ人がヨーロッパの国をさして用いる ) .Ò - Dom í nion 〖the ～〗古い領土 〘米国Virginia州の愛称 〙.～̀ ec ó nomy 〖単数形で 〗オールドエコノミー 〘重厚長大産業を基盤とした旧来の経済システム 〙; 〖名詞 の前で 〗旧経済の .Ò - É nglish 〘言 〙古 (期 )英語 〘700 --1150年ごろ; ｟略 ｠OE 〙.～̀ fl á me かつての恋人 .～̀ f ó gey [f ó gy ]｟くだけて ｠(特に年配の )古い考えの人 .～́ f ò lks ｟くだけて ｠〖複数扱い 〗お年寄 (!親しみを込めた言い方 ) .～̀ f ó lks' h ò me ｟くだけて ｠老人ホーム .～̀ f ó ol [c ó w ]｟話 ｠嫌なやつ .Ò - Fr é nch 古 (期 )フランス語 .～ girl 1 /-́-̀ /｟英 ｠(特に私立学校の )女子卒業生 (｟男女共用 ｠alumnus , 複 alumni )(╳OGと略さない ).2 /-̀-́ /｟主に英話 ｠老人, ばあさん, おばさん .3 /-̀-́ /｟英 やや古 ｠ねえ, あなた (!女性への親愛をこめた呼びかけ ) .Ò - Gl ó ry ｟米 くだけて ｠星条旗 (the Stars and Stripes ).～̀ g ó ld 茶色がかった金色 .～̀ gu á rd 〖the ～; 単複両扱い 〗( 組織の中の )古参 ; 保守派 .～̀ h á nd «…に » 経験豊かな [慣れている ]人 «at » .Ò - H á rry ｟英 やや古 ｠悪魔 .～̀ h á t 〖be ～〗陳腐な, ありきたりの .Ò - H ì gh G é rman 古 (期 )高地ドイツ語 .Ò - Icel á ndic 古 (期 )アイスランド語 .～̀ inform á tion 〘文法 〙旧情報 .～̀ l á dy ｟くだけた話 ｠〖one's ～〗1 ｟けなして ｠妻 ; (女性の )恋人 .2 ｟時にけなして ｠母親 .～̀ l á g ｟英 くだけて ｠常習犯 .Ò - L á tin 古 (期 )ラテン語 .～̀ m á id 1 ｟けなして ｠中年以上の未婚の女性, オールドミス .2 ｟くだけて ｠心配性で考え方の古い人 (!男にもいう ) .～̀ m á n ｟話 ｠〖one's /the ～〗1 父親, 親父 .2 夫, 亭主 ; (男性の )恋人 .3 ｟英 やや古 ｠(男の友人に向って )お前 .～̀ m á n's b è ard 〘植 〙キンポウゲ科の蔓 （つる ）植物 .～̀ m á ster (特にヨーロッパの15 --18世紀の )絵画の巨匠 ; (その人の )絵画 .～̀ m ó ney (家に受け継がれた )巨額の財産 (のある家 ).Ò - N í ck ｟非難して やや古 ｠悪魔 .Ò - N ó rse 古 (期 )ノルド語 .Ò - N ò rth Fr é nch 古 (期 )北部フランス方言 .～̀ p è ople's h ó me ｟英 ｠老人ホーム .～ school 1 /-́-̀ /〖the ～〗保守派 ▸ a man of the old school 考え方の古風な人 .2 /-̀-́ /〖one's ～〗母校 .～̀ school t í e 〖the ～〗｟英 ｠学閥 ; (特に私立の )出身校を示すネクタイ .～̀ s ó ldier ＝old-timer .Ò - St ó ne À ge 〖the ～〗旧石器時代 .Ò - St ý le ユリウス暦の .Ò - T é stament 〖the ～〗旧約聖書 .～̀ t í mer ＝old-timer .～̀ w ó man (!｟非難して ｠) 1 ｟話 ｠〖one's ～〗母親 ; 妻 .2 (特に男性の )心配性の人 (!worrierなどを用いる方がよい ) .Ò - W ó rld 〖the ～〗旧世界 (!主にヨーロッパ アジア アフリカをさす ) .
The Wordsmith Dictionary
The Wordsmith Dictionary