English-Thai Dictionary

independent

ADJ ซึ่ง เป็นอิสระ  ซึ่ง ปกครอง ตนเอง  ซึ่ง ไม่อยู่ ใน บังคับ  ซึ่ง ไม่ เป็น เมืองขึ้น  ซึ่ง เป็น เอกราช  autonomous self-governing free dependent sueng-pen-id-sa-ra

 

independent

N คนที่ พึ่งตนเอง  ผู้ เป็นอิสระ  ผู้ เป็น เอกราช  ผู้ ไม่อยู่ ใต้ บังคับบัญชา ของ ใคร  dependent kon-ti-puang-ton-ang

 

independent nation

N ชาติ เอกราช  ประเทศเอกราช  chad-eak-ka-rad

 

independent school

N โรงเรียนเอกชน  private school rong-rian-eak-ka-vhon

 

independently

ADV โดย ตนเอง  ด้วย ตนเอง  โดย ไม่มี ผู้ช่วย  autonomously dependently doi-ton-ang

 

Webster's 1828 Dictionary

INDEPENDENT

a.[in and dependent. ] 1. Not dependent; not subject to the control of others; not subordinate. God is the only being who is perfectly independent.
2. Not holding or enjoying possessions at the will of another; not relying on others; not dependent. We all wish to be independent in property; yet few men are wholly independent, even in property, and none independent for the supply of their wants.
3. Affording the means of independence; as an independent estate.
4. Not subject to bias or influence; not obsequious; self-directing; as a man of an independent mind.
5. Not connected with. It is believed the soul may exist independent of matter.
6. Free; easy; self-commanding; bold; unconstrained; as an independent air or manner.
7. Separate from; exclusive.
I mean the account of that obligation in general, under which we conceive ourselves bound to obey a law, independent of those resources which the law provides for its own enforcement.
8. Pertaining to an independent or congregational church. It is followed by of or on, both of which are well authorized. On is most conformable to analogy, for it always follows depend, but of is most common.

 

INDEPENDENT

n.One who, in religious affairs, maintains that every congregation of christians is a complete church, subject to no superior authority, and competent to perform every act of government in ecclesiastical affairs.

 

INDEPENDENTLY

adv. Without depending or relying on others; without control. 1. Without undue bias or influence; not obsequiously.
2. Without connection with other things.

 

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

INDEPENDENT

In `de *pend "ent, a. Etym: [Pref. in- not + dependent: cf. F.indépendant. ]

 

1. Not dependent; free; not subject to control by others; not relying on others; not subordinate; as, few men are wholly independent. A dry, but independent crust. Cowper.

 

2. Affording a comfortable livelihood; as, an independent property.

 

3. Not subject to bias or influence; not obsequious; self-directing; as, a man of an independent mind.

 

4. Expressing or indicating the feeling of independence; free; easy; bold; unconstrained; as, an independent air or manner.

 

5. Separate from; exclusive; irrespective. That obligation in general, under which we conceive ourselves bound to obey a law, independent of those resources which the law provides for its own enforcement. R. P. Ward.

 

6. (Eccl.)

 

Defn: Belonging or pertaining to, or holding to the doctrines or methods of, the Independents.

 

7. (Math. )

 

Defn: Not dependent upon another quantity in respect to value or rate of variation; -- said of quantities or functions.

 

8. (U. S. Politics )

 

Defn: Not bound by party; exercising a free choice in voting with either or any party. Independent company (Mil. ), one not incorporated in any regiment. -- Independent seconds watch, a stop watch having a second hand driven by a separate set of wheels, springs, etc. , for timing to a fraction of a second. -- Independent variable. (Math. ) See Dependent variable, under Dependent.

 

Syn. -- Free; uncontrolled; separate; uncoerced; self-reliant; bold; unconstrained; unrestricted.

 

INDEPENDENT

INDEPENDENT In `de *pend "ent, n.

 

1. (Eccl.)

 

Defn: One who believes that an organized Christian church is complete in itself, competent to self-government, and independent of all ecclesiastical authority.

 

Note: In England the name is often applied (commonly in the pl. ) to the Congregationalists.

 

2. (Politics )

 

Defn: One who does not acknowledge an obligation to support a party's candidate under all circumstances; one who exercises liberty in voting.

 

INDEPENDENTISM

INDEPENDENTISM In `de *pend "ent *ism, n.

 

Defn: Independency; the church system of Independents. Bp. Gauden.

 

INDEPENDENTLY

INDEPENDENTLY In `de *pend "ent *ly, adv.

 

Defn: In an independent manner; without control.

 

New American Oxford Dictionary

independent

in de pend ent |ˌindəˈpendənt ˌɪndəˈpɛndənt | ▶adjective 1 free from outside control; not depending on another's authority: the study is totally independent of central government | Canada's largest independent investment firm. • (of a country ) self-governing: India became independent in 1947. • not belonging to or supported by a political party: the independent candidate. • (of broadcasting, a school, etc. ) not supported by public funds. • not influenced or affected by others; impartial: a thorough and independent investigation of the case. • ( Independent ) historical Congregational. 2 not depending on another for livelihood or subsistence: I wanted to remain independent in old age. • capable of thinking or acting for oneself: advice for independent travelers. • (of income or resources ) making it unnecessary to earn one's living: a woman of independent means. 3 not connected with another or with each other; separate: we need two independent witnesses to testify | the legislature and the judicature are independent of each other. • not depending on something else for strength or effectiveness; freestanding: an independent electric shower. • Mathematics (of one of a set of axioms, equations, or quantities ) incapable of being expressed in terms of, or derived or deduced from, the others. ▶noun an independent person or body. • an independent political candidate, voter, etc. • ( Independent ) historical a Congregationalist. ORIGIN early 17th cent. (as an adjective ): partly on the pattern of French indépendant .

 

Independent Broadcasting Authority

Independent Broadcasting Authority (abbrev.: IBA ) (in the UK ) the body responsible for regulating commercial television and radio, until its replacement in 1991 by the Independent Television Commission and the Radio Authority.

 

Independent Labour Party

Independent Labour Party (abbrev.: ILP ) a British socialist political party formed in 1893 under the leadership of Keir Hardie. It was instrumental in the formation of the Labour Party in 1906, but tension between the two parties grew in the 1930s over the questions of pacifism and support for communism, and by the early 1950s the Independent Labour Party had lost all its parliamentary representation.

 

independently

in de pend ent ly |ˌindəˈpendəntli | ▶adverb 1 in a way that is free from outside control or influence: the government must prove its ability to govern independently. the independently run museum receives no public funding. the figures have been independently audited. 2 without outside help; unaided: disabled people living independently in their own homes. information for those who are travelling independently. 3 in a way that is not connected with another; individually: decisions are made independently of consumers. why should each of us independently spend time creating the same course?

 

independent suspension

in de pend ent sus pen sion ▶noun a form of vehicle suspension in which each wheel is supported independently of the others.

 

Independent Television Commission

Independent Television Commission (abbrev.: ITC ) (in the UK ) an organization responsible for licensing and regulating commercial television. It merged with Ofcom in 2003.

 

independent variable

in de pend ent var i a ble |ˌɪndəˈpɛndənt ˈvɛriəbəl | ▶noun Mathematics a variable (often denoted by x ) whose variation does not depend on that of another.

 

Oxford Dictionary

independent

in |de ¦pend |ent |ɪndɪˈpɛnd (ə )nt | ▶adjective 1 free from outside control; not subject to another's authority: an independent nuclear deterrent | the study is totally independent of central government. • (of a country ) self-governing: India became independent in 1947. • not belonging to or supported by a political party: the independent candidate. • (of broadcasting, a school, etc. ) not supported by public funds. • ( Independent ) historical Congregational. 2 not depending on another for livelihood or subsistence: I wanted to remain independent in old age. • (of income or resources ) making it unnecessary to earn one's living: a woman of independent means. 3 capable of thinking or acting for oneself: advice for independent travellers. • not influenced by others; impartial: a thorough and independent investigation of the case. 4 not connected with another or with each other; separate: treating each factory as an independent unit of production | the legislature and the judicature are independent of one another. • not depending on something else for strength or effectiveness; free-standing: an independent electric shower. • Mathematics (of one of a set of axioms, equations, or quantities ) incapable of being expressed in terms of, or derived or deduced from, the others. ▶noun an independent person or body. • an independent political candidate. • ( Independent ) historical a Congregationalist. ORIGIN early 17th cent. (as an adjective ): partly on the pattern of French indépendant .

 

Independent Broadcasting Authority

Independent Broadcasting Authority (abbrev.: IBA ) (in the UK ) the body responsible for regulating commercial television and radio, until its replacement in 1991 by the Independent Television Commission and the Radio Authority.

 

Independent Labour Party

Independent Labour Party (abbrev.: ILP ) a British socialist political party formed in 1893 under the leadership of Keir Hardie. It was instrumental in the formation of the Labour Party in 1906, but tension between the two parties grew in the 1930s over the questions of pacifism and support for communism, and by the early 1950s the Independent Labour Party had lost all its parliamentary representation.

 

independently

in |de ¦pend |ent ¦ly |ˌɪndɪˈpɛnd (ə )ntli | ▶adverb 1 in a way that is free from outside control or influence: the government must prove its ability to govern independently. the independently run museum receives no public funding. the figures have been independently audited. 2 without outside help; unaided: disabled people living independently in their own homes. information for those who are travelling independently . 3 in a way that is not connected with another; individually: decisions are made independently of consumers. why should each of us independently spend time creating the same course?

 

independent suspension

in |de ¦pend |ent sus ¦pen |sion ▶noun [ mass noun ] a form of vehicle suspension in which each wheel is supported independently of the others.

 

Independent Television Commission

Independent Television Commission (abbrev.: ITC ) (in the UK ) an organization responsible for licensing and regulating commercial television. It merged with Ofcom in 2003.

 

independent variable

in |de ¦pend |ent vari |able ▶noun Mathematics a variable (often denoted by x ) whose variation does not depend on that of another.

 

American Oxford Thesaurus

independent

independent adjective 1 an independent country: self-governing, self-ruling, self-determining, sovereign, autonomous, free, nonaligned. ANTONYMS subservient, dependent. 2 two independent groups of biologists verified the results: separate, different, unconnected, unrelated, dissociated, discrete. ANTONYMS connected. 3 independent schools: private, private-sector, non-state-run, fee-paying; privatized, denationalized. ANTONYMS public, state-run. 4 her grown-up, independent children: self-sufficient, self-supporting, self-reliant, standing on one's own two feet. ANTONYMS dependent. 5 independent advice: impartial, unbiased, unprejudiced, neutral, disinterested, uninvolved, uncommitted, detached, dispassionate, objective, nonpartisan, nondiscriminatory. ANTONYMS biased. 6 an independent spirit: freethinking, free, individualistic; unconventional, maverick, bold, unconstrained, unfettered, untrammeled. ANTONYMS orthodox, constrained.

 

independently

independently adverb I prefer to work independently: alone, on one's own, separately, unaccompanied, solo, autonomously; unaided, unassisted, without help, by one's own efforts, under one's own steam, single-handed, single-handedly, on one's own initiative. ANTONYMS jointly, assisted.

 

Oxford Thesaurus

independent

independent adjective 1 an independent country: self-governing, self-legislating, self-determining, sovereign, autonomous, autonomic, autarkic, free, non-aligned. ANTONYMS dependent; subservient. 2 the auditing of a company's accounts is done by independent accountants: unconnected, unrelated, unassociated, dissociated, unattached, separate. ANTONYMS connected. 3 the Institute will quickly become a fully independent unit: separate, discrete, different, distinct, free-standing, self-contained, complete. ANTONYMS subordinate. 4 an independent school: private, public, non-state-controlled, non-state-run, non-public, private-sector, private-enterprise, fee-paying, commercial; privatized, denationalized. ANTONYMS private; state-run. 5 one has to be very careful about offering money to proud and independent old folk: self-sufficient, self-supporting, self-sustaining, self-reliant, self-standing, able to stand on one's own two feet; self-contained, self-made; informal living on one's hump. ANTONYMS dependent. 6 an independent financial adviser: impartial, unbiased, unprejudiced, neutral, disinterested, uninvolved, uncommitted, detached, dispassionate, objective, open-minded, equitable, non-partisan, even-handed, fair, fair-minded, just; without favouritism, free from discrimination, non-discriminatory, with no axe to grind, without fear or favour; informal on the fence. ANTONYMS biased; tied. 7 entrepreneurs are independent spirits: freethinking, individualistic, unconventional, maverick; free, liberated, bold, unconstrained, unrestrained, unfettered, untrammelled, unhampered; undisciplined, wild, wilful, headstrong, contrary. ANTONYMS constrained; orthodox.

 

independently

independently adverb he prefers to work independently | we'll get there independently and then meet up: alone, all alone, on one's own, in a solitary state, separately, singly, solitarily, unaccompanied, solo; unaided, unassisted, without help, without assistance, by one's own efforts, under one's own steam, single-handed (ly ), off one's own bat, on one's own initiative, autonomously, as one's own boss; informal by one's lonesome; Brit. informal on one's tod, on one's lonesome, on one's jack, on one's Jack Jones; formal severally. ANTONYMS accompanied; jointly; assisted.

 

Duden Dictionary

Independent

In de pen dent Substantiv, maskulin , der |Independ e nt |der Independent; Genitiv: des Independenten, Plural: die Independenten meist im Plural lateinisch-französisch -englisch a Anhänger eines radikalen Puritanismus in England im 17. Jahrhundert b Kongregationalist

 

Independent Labour Party

In de pen dent La bour Par ty Substantiv, feminin , die |ɪndɪˈpɛndənt ˈleɪbə ˈpɑːtɪ |die Independent Labour Party; Genitiv: der Independent Labour Party englisch a Name der Labour Party bis 1906 b 1914 von der Labour Party abgespaltene Partei mit pazifistischer Einstellung

 

Spanish Dictionary

independentismo

independentismo nombre masculino Movimiento político que propugna la independencia de un territorio :el político reiteró su apoyo a la creación de un estado federal y expresó su rechazo al independentismo .

 

independentista

independentista adjetivo 1 Del independentismo o que tiene relación con este movimiento político :los movimientos independentistas provocaron la disolución de la antigua Unión Soviética en una serie de repúblicas autónomas .2 adjetivo /nombre común [persona ] Que es partidario del independentismo :Simón Bolívar fue el más significado líder independentista hispanoamericano .

 

Sanseido Wisdom Dictionary

independent

in de pend ent /ɪ̀ndɪpénd (ə )nt / (! 名詞 の前では í ndep è ndent ) 〖in (打ち消し )dependent (頼っている )〗(名 )independence 形容詞 比較なし /2 , 5 , 6 はmore ～; most ～1 «…から » 〈国が 〉独立した , 独立の ; 自治の «of , from » ▸ an independent nation 独立国家 ▸ want to make Tibet independent of China 中国からチベットを独立させたいと望む 2 〖名詞 の前で 〗中立 [第三者 ]的立場による [からの ]〈調査 意見 忠告など 〉▸ appoint an independent counsel to investigate the case 事件の調査のため中立的な法律顧問を任命する ▸ an independent inquiry 第三者的な調査 ▸ independent advice 第三者からの助言 3 «…と » 無関係の , « …の » 影響を受けない , « …から » 独立した «of , from » ; 独自の, 別々の ▸ The report shall be independent of the power of the authorities .報告書は当局の影響を受けないものでなくてはならない 4 〖名詞 の前で 〗独立の, 民営の 〈組織など 〉; ｟主に英 ｠〖通例 名詞 の前で 〗民営の, 民間の, 私立の 〈学校など 〉(↔state )▸ independent television 民放テレビ ▸ put the first single out on an independent label 独立系のレコード会社から最初のシングルを出す 5 〈人が 〉【人から 】自立した , « …から » 独立独歩の, 独立心のある «of , from » (↔dependent )▸ You have to become independent of your parents .親から自立しなければならない 6 〈人 収入 財産などが 〉働かなくても暮らせる (だけの )▸ a person of independent means 働かずに暮らせるだけの収入のある人 7 〖通例 名詞 の前で 〗(政治的に )自由な, 無所属の 〈政治家 〉▸ an independent candidate for President 大統領選の無所属候補 8 〖I- 〗〘キリスト教 〙独立教会派の .9 〘文法 〙〈節が 〉独立の .名詞 C 〖時にI -〗無所属議員 [候補者 ], (政治的に )無所属の人 ;〖I- 〗〘キリスト教 〙独立教会派の信徒 .～̀ cl á use 〘文法 〙独立節 .～̀ sch ó ol ｟英 ｠私立学校 .～̀ v á riable 〘数 〙独立変数 .

 

independently

ì n de p é nd ent ly 副詞 «…とは » 独立して, 自立して ; 独自に, 自由に ; 無関係に «of » ▸ live independently 一人暮らしをする