English-Thai Dictionary

WHO

ABBR องค์การอนามัยโลก (คำย่อ  World Health Organization ong-kan-ar-na-mai-lok

 

who

PRON บุคคล ซึ่ง  บุคคล ที่  buk-kon-sueng

 

who

PRON ใคร  kai

 

Webster's 1828 Dictionary

WHO

pron. relative. pron. hoo. [L. Who is undoubtedly a contracted word in English as in Latin. See What and Wight. ] 1. Who is a pronoun relative, always referring to persons. It forms whose in the genitive or possessive case, answering to the L. Cujus, and whom in the objective or accusative case. Who, whose and whom, are in both numbers. Thus we say, the man or woman who was with us; the men or women who were with us; the men or women whom we saw.
2. Which of many. Are you satisfied who did the mischief?
3. It is much used in asking questions; as, who am I? Who art thou? Who is this? Who are these? In this case, the purpose is to obtain the name or designation of the person or character.
4. It has sometimes a disjunctive sense.
There thou tellst of kings, and who aspire; who fall, who rise, who triumph, who do moan.
5. Whose is of all genders. Whose book is this?
This question whose solution I require--
As who should say, elliptically for as one who should say.

 

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

WHO

Who, pron. [Possess. whose; object. Whom. ] Etym: [OE. who, wha, AS. hwa, interrogative pron. , neut. hwæt; akin to OFries. hwa, neut. hwet, OS. hwe, neut. hwat, D. wie, neut. wat, G. wer, neut. was, OHG. wer, hwer, neut. waz, hwaz, Icel. hvat, neut. , Dan. hvo, neut. hvad, Sw. ho, hvem, neut. hvad, Goth. hwas, fem. hwo, neut. hwa, Lith. kas,Ir. & Gael. co, W. pwy, L. quod, neuter of qui, Gr. po `teros whether, Skr. kas. sq. root182. Cf. How, Quantity, Quorum, Quote, Ubiquity, What, When, Where, Whether, Which, Whither, Whom, Why. ]

 

1. Originally, an interrogative pronoun, later, a relative pronoun also; -- used always substantively, and either as singular or plural. See the Note under What, pron. , 1. As interrogative pronouns, who and whom ask the question: What or which person or persons Who and whom, as relative pronouns (in the sense of that ), are properly used of persons (corresponding to which, as applied to things ), but are sometimes, less properly and now rarely, used of animals, plants, etc. Who and whom, as compound relatives, are also used especially of persons, meaning the person that; the persons that; the one that; whosoever. "Let who will be President. " Macaulay. [He ] should not tell whose children they were. Chaucer. There thou tell'st of kings, and who aspire; Who fall, who rise, who triumph, who do moan. Daniel. Adders who with cloven tongues Do hiss into madness. Shak. Whom I could pity thus forlorn. Milton. How hard is our fate, who serve in the state. Addison. Who cheapens life, abates the fear of death. Young. The brace of large greyhounds, who were the companions of his sports. Sir W. Scott.

 

2. One; any; one. [Obs. , except in the archaic phrase, as who should say. ] As who should say, it were a very dangerous matter if a man in any point should be found wiser than his forefathers were. Robynson (More's Utopia ).

 

New American Oxford Dictionary

WHO

WHO |ˌdʌbljuːeɪtʃˈoʊ | ▶abbreviation World Health Organization.

 

Who

Who (the Who ) an English rock group known almost as much for destroying their instruments on stage as for the songs of guitarist Pete Townshend (b.1945 ). They had hits with songs such as ‘My Generation ’ (1965 ) and recorded Townshend's rock opera Tommy in 1969.

 

who

who |ho͞o hu | ▶pronoun 1 [ interrogative pronoun ] what or which person or people: who is that woman? | I wonder who that letter was from. 2 [ relative pronoun ] used to introduce a clause giving further information about a person or people previously mentioned: Joan Fontaine plays the mouse who married the playboy. • archaic the person that; whoever: who holds the sea, perforce doth hold the land. PHRASES as who should say archaic as if to say: he meekly bowed to him, as who should say “Proceed. ” who am I (or are you, is he, etc. ) to do something what right or authority do I (or you, he, etc. ) have to do something: who am I to object? who goes there? see go 1. ORIGIN Old English hwā, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch wie and German wer . usage: 1 A continuing debate in English usage is the question of when to use who and when to use whom. According to formal grammar, who forms the subjective case and so should be used in subject position in a sentence, as in who decided this? The form whom, on the other hand, forms the objective case and so should be used in object position in a sentence, as in whom do you think we should support? or to whom do you wish to speak? Although there are some speakers who still use who and whom according to the rules of formal grammar as stated here, there are many more who rarely use whom at all; its use has retreated steadily and is now largely restricted to formal contexts. The normal practice in modern English is to use who instead of whom ( who do you think we should support? ) and, where applicable, to put the preposition at the end of the sentence ( who do you wish to speak to? ). Such uses are today broadly accepted in standard English, but in formal writing it is best to maintain the distinction. 2 On the use of who and that in relative clauses see usage at that .

 

Oxford Dictionary

WHO

WHO |dʌbljuːeɪtʃˈəʊ | ▶abbreviation World Health Organization.

 

Who

Who (the Who ) an English rock group known almost as much for destroying their instruments on stage as for the songs of guitarist Pete Townshend (b.1945 ). They had hits with songs such as ‘My Generation ’ (1965 ) and recorded Townshend's rock opera Tommy in 1969.

 

who

who |huː, hʊ | ▶pronoun 1 [ interrogative pronoun ] what or which person or people: who is that woman? | I wonder who that letter was from. 2 [ relative pronoun ] used to introduce a clause giving further information about a person or people previously mentioned: Joan Fontaine plays the mouse who married the playboy. • archaic the person that; whoever: who holds the sea, perforce doth hold the land. PHRASES as who should say archaic as if to say: he meekly bowed to him, as who should say ‘Proceed ’. who am I (or are you, is he, etc. ) to do something what right or authority do I (or you, he, etc. ) have to do something: who am I to object? who goes there? see go 1. ORIGIN Old English hwā, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch wie and German wer . usage: 1 A continuing debate in English usage is the question of when to use who and when to use whom. According to formal grammar, who forms the subjective case and so should be used in subject position in a sentence, as in who decided this? The form whom, on the other hand, forms the objective case and so should be used in object position in a sentence, as in whom do you think we should support?; to whom do you wish to speak? Although there are some speakers who still use who and whom according to the rules of formal grammar as stated here, there are many more who rarely use whom at all; its use has retreated steadily and is now largely restricted to formal contexts. The normal practice in modern English is to use who instead of whom (and, where applicable, to put the preposition at the end of the sentence ): who do you wish to speak to?; who do you think we should support? Such uses are today broadly accepted in standard English. 2 On the use of who and that in relative clauses see usage at that .

 

American Oxford Thesaurus

who

who pronoun USAGE who, whom Edward Sapir, the philosopher of language, prophesied that “within a couple of hundred years from to-day not even the most learned jurist will be saying ‘Whom did you see? ’ By that time the whom will be as delightfully archaic as the Elizabethan his for its. No logical or historical argument will avail to save this hapless whom ”. ( Language; 1921.) A safer bet might be that no one will be spelling to-day with a hyphen. In any event, writers in the twenty-first century ought to understand how the words who and whom are correctly used. Who, the nominative pronoun, is used (1 ) as the subject of a verb ( it was Kate who rescued the dog ); and (2 ) as the complement of a linking verb, i.e., as a predicate nominative ( they know who you are ). Whom, the objective pronoun, is used (1 ) as the object of a verb ( whom did you see? ); and (2 ) as the object of a preposition ( the person to whom we're indebted ). It's true that in certain contexts, whom is stilted. That has long been so: “Every sensible English speaker on both sides of the Atlantic says Who were you talking to? [—not Whom —] and the sooner we begin to write it the better. ” (J. Y. T. Greig, Breaking Priscian's Head; ca. 1930.) But there are other constructions in which whom remains strong —and more so in American English than in British English. Although writers have announced the demise of whom, it persists in American English —e.g.: • “Susan McDonough's classroom is filled with primary-school children of different ages, all of whom are lagging behind in reading skills.” ( Washington Post; Sept. 28, 1997.) • “He was implicated in the murder of a man whom his workers caught tampering with some stone blocks.” ( SmartMoney; Oct. 1, 1997.) (In this sentence, that might work more naturally than whom. ) The correct uses of who are sometimes tricky. But if the pronoun acts as the subject of a clause, it must be who, never whom —e.g.: “Alan Alda, who you quickly realize is sorely missed on TV, stars as Dan Cutler, a type-A personality advertising executive. ” ( Sun-Sentinel [Fort Lauderdale ]; May 20, 1994.) ( Who is the subject of is. ) While the subject of a finite verb is nominative ( I know she is good ), the subject of an infinitive is in the objective case ( I know her to be good ). The same is true of who and whom. Strictly, whom is always either the object of a verb or preposition, or else the subject of an infinitive —e.g.: “Do all you can to develop your intuition —this will help you to know when to act and when to wait, whom to be cautious about and whom to trust. ” ( Washington Times; July 9, 1997.) But often journalists don't get it right, perhaps because they consider the word stuffy —e.g.: • “And he [nominee Stephen G. Breyer ] promised, following the admonition of the late Justice Arthur Goldberg, who [read whom ] he served as a law clerk 30 years ago, to do his best to avoid footnotes.” ( Washington Post; May 17, 1994.) • “A polite, helpful 11 -year-old who [read whom ] everybody called Jake was fatally shot in his bedroom in this small rural town on Thursday, and a 13 -year-old friend was charged hours later with killing him. ” ( New York Times; Sept. 3, 1994.). (Replacing who with that would also work naturally here. ) • “Those friends include Myra Guarino, 62, of Valdosta, who [read whom ] Mrs. Helms represents in a suit against the manufacturer of silicone breast implants.” ( New York Times; July 7, 1995.) In the citations just listed, who is defensible in informal contexts. But the objective who is not idiomatically normal after a preposition. For example, one of whom is something of a set phrase —e.g.: “Parents proudly whooped it up for the players, not one of who [read one of whom ] wore shoulder pads.” ( USA Today; Jan. 27, 2003.) Among the toughest contexts in which to get the pronouns right are those involving linking verbs. We say, for example, who it is for the same reason we say this is he, but some very good writers have nodded. In any event, whom shouldn't be used as the subject of any finite verb —e.g.: • “The distinguished political and social philosopher Russell Kirk used the word ‘energumen ’ to describe. .. whom [read who ] it is I agitate against. ” (William F. Buckley, The Jeweler's Eye; 1969.) ( Who is needed as the inverted subject of is: it is who, as in it is he. ) • “Police went to several addresses looking for a 17 -year-old whom [read who ] they thought was staying with his aunt. ” ( San Francisco Chronicle; Apr. 20, 1994.) ( Who is needed as the subject of was. ) • “In the other corner are the anti-Stratfordians, the heretics and conspiracy theorists of literature, most of them devoted amateurs whose dogged sleuthing and amassing of evidence (albeit mostly circumstantial ) continues to enlarge the body of contention that Shakespeare wasn't himself. But if not he, then whom [read who ]?” ( Washington Post; May 17, 1994.) ( Who is needed in a parallel phrasing with he. ) • “But Beck ought to serve as an inspiration for a host of other superb golfers whom [read who ] naysayers claim ‘can't win the big ones. ’ ” ( Sky; Sept. 1995.) ( Who is needed as the subject of can't win. ) • “Sam divorced in 1969, and is survived by his son, Sam III, his wife, Angela, and their daughter, Samantha, of Clarksville, Tennessee; and by his daughter, Marguerite, the mother of Matthew and Grace, whom [read who ] all lived with Sam in Austin. ” ( Austin American-Statesman; Feb. 10, 1996.) ( Who is needed as the subject of lived. ) William Safire takes an interesting approach for those who fear seeming pedantic (by using whom ) or being incorrect (by using who for whom ): “When whom is correct, recast the sentence. ” ( New York Times; Oct. 4, 1992.) Thus “Whom do you trust? ” becomes, in a political campaign, “Which candidate do you trust? ” The relative pronoun that can also substitute in many situations. But one commentator, Steven Pinker, calls Safire's suggestion an “unacceptable pseudo-compromise.” And Pinker has a point: “Telling people to avoid a problematic construction sounds like common sense, but in the case of object questions with who, it demands an intolerable sacrifice. People ask questions about the objects of verbs and prepositions a lot. ” ( The Language Instinct; 1994.) Moreover, a phrase such as which person is wordier and slightly narrower than who or whom. Perhaps the most sensible approach was the one taken by Robert C. Pooley in 1974: “Considering the importance some people place on mastery of [the textbook rules for whom ], the schoolbooks may be justified in distinguishing the case forms for the relative pronouns for literary usage. But to insist that these literary and formal distinctions be made in informal writing and speech as necessary to achieve ‘correctness ’ is to do violence to the readily observed facts of current usage. ” ( The Teaching of English Usage, 2d ed. ; 1974.) Who is the relative pronoun for human beings (though that is also acceptable ); that and which are the relative pronouns for anything other than humans, including entities created by humans. But writers too often forget this elementary point —e.g.: “The best borrowers are grabbed by the banks and financial institutions who [read that ] are in a position now to offer finer rates.” ( Business Standard; Oct. 25, 1997.) Some inattentive writers use which in referring to human beings —e.g.: “The bakery employs 11 people, two of which [read whom ] are English (non-Amish ) women, and one who is a salesman. ” ( Plain Dealer [Cleveland ]; June 13, 1995.) That, of course, is permissible when referring to humans: “the people that were present ” or “the people who were present. ” Editors tend, however, to prefer the latter phrasing. Usage notes show additional guidance on finer points of English usage.

 

Duden Dictionary

WHO

WHO Substantiv, feminin , die |veːhaːˈ |oː |die WHO; Genitiv: der WHO Abkürzung für: Weltgesundheitsorganisation Abkürzung für englisch W orld H ealth O rganization Weltgesundheitsorganisation der Vereinten Nationen

 

Sanseido Dictionary

WHO

WHO 〖 World Health Organization 〗 →世界保健機関 （せかいほけんきかん ）

 

Sanseido Wisdom Dictionary

WHO

WHO W.H.O.World Health Organization .

 

who

who /huː / (!( (1 )関係代名詞ではしばしば /｟弱 ｠hu, u /. (2 )一般にwhoで始まる疑問文は下降調となる )) 代名詞 〖単複両扱い 〗 (!所有格はwhose, 目的格はwhom, ｟話 ｠ ～) 【疑問詞 】 (!(1 )一般に疑問文では強勢を受けるが, else, on earthなどを伴うとそちらに強勢が移ることが多い. (2 )通例単数扱い ) 1 〖疑問代名詞 〗だれ , どんな人 ; 何者 (!通例, 姓名 地位 身分 素性などを問う; 「どちら, どこ 」などと訳した方が自然な場合がある ) . a. 〖主語として 〗 (!単数扱いが原則 ) ▸ Who's in charge here? どなたがここの責任者ですか ▸ Who do you suppose proposed to me? だれが私にプロポーズしてくれたと思いますか (!do you supposeは挿入節 ) ▸ Tell me who attended the meeting .だれが会議に出席したのか教えてくれ ▸ “Who is [are ] on the night shift this week? ” “Sue, Meg and Ellen. ”「今週の夜勤はだれ 」「スー, メグ, それとエレンよ 」 (!答えに複数主語が予想される場合は複数扱いされることもあるが, その場合でも単数扱いの方が普通 ) b. 〖主格補語として 〗▸ “Who was his first wife? ” “It was Mary Clark.”「彼の最初の奥さんはだれなの 」「メリー クラークという人よ 」▸ Who do you think you are? いったい何様だと思っているのか (!「自分の立場をわきまえろ 」の意 ) ▸ If you could meet any star, who would it be ?もしだれかスターに会えるとしたら, だれがいいですか c. 〖他動詞 または 前置詞 の目的語として; 文頭以外では通例 ｟くだけて ｠〗▸ Who [｟かたく やや古 ｠Whom ] do you most respect among your teachers?先生の中でだれを一番尊敬してるの ▸ Who [｟かたく やや古 ｠Whom ] do you think she married? 彼女だれと結婚したと思いますか (!do you thinkは挿入節 ) ▸ He killed who ?彼がだれを殺しただって? (!驚きなどで )問い返しをする場合などは文尾や文中にくることがある ) ▸ Who [｟かたく やや古 ｠Whom ] do you have morning coffee with? モーニングコーヒーはいつもだれと飲むの (≒｟かたく ｠ With whom do you have morning coffee? )▸ “I got a phone call yesterday. ” “Who from [｟かたく ｠ From whom, ｟くだけて ｠From who ](↘)?”「きのう電話があったんだ 」「だれから 」▸ Who do you work for? どちらにお勤めですか ▸ I didn't know who else to ask .ほかにだれに尋ねればよいかわからなかった (!to不定詞を従えていることに注意 ) .コーパスの窓 疑問代名詞の who と whom ①文頭 動詞 や 前置詞 の目的語として文頭に置かれたwhomは不自然に感じられることが多く, 日常的にはwhoが好まれる (↑代名詞 1c 第1, 2, 4例 ).②前置詞 の直後 前置詞 の直後の場合, 短い応答文 (↑代名詞 1c 第5例 )や問い返しでは ｟かたく ｠whomと ｟くだけて ｠whoのいずれも見られるが, それ以外では通例whomを用いる (↑代名詞 1c 第4例 )▸ Well, who went out with who [｟かたく ｠ whom ]?えっと, だれがだれと外出したって .③前置詞 +間接疑問 主格 (補語 )の間接疑問では 前置詞 の後でもwhoを用いる ▸ It has a lot to do with who you are .それは君がだれであるかに大いに関係がある .語法 前置詞 +who (m )とwho +前置詞 一般に 前置詞 +who (m )は既知の情報を確認する際に, who +前置詞 は新しい情報を求める際に用いられる ▸ “Give the report to John. ” “To whom [who ]?”「報告書をジョンに出してくれ 」「だれにだって 」▸ “You'll need to make a report as soon as possible. ” “Who to? ”「できるだけ早く報告書を作ってくれ 」「だれに出すんですか 」.d. 〖人名の姓を問う形式で 〗どこの , どちらの ; だれ (だって ) (!問い返しで ) ▸ “Tom was fired. ” “Tom who ?”「トムが首になったよ 」「トムってどこの 」▸ “James who did you say? ” “White. ”「ジェイムズ何って言ったんだ 」「ホワイトだ 」【関係詞 】 (!(1 )一般に文の中で強勢は受けない. (2 )単複両扱い ) 2 〖関係代名詞; 制限用法 〗…する (人 ), …である (人 ).語法 ①先行詞は普通 「人間 」であるが, 「擬人化されたもの, (ペットの )動物 」などの場合もある .②関係節内では主語の, ｟話 ｠では目的語の働きをする .③whoの代わりにthatを用いることもあるが, 先行詞が 「人 」の場合はwhoの方が普通 .④先行詞と冠詞については →the 冠詞 2 .a. 〖主語として 〗 (!原則として主格のwhoは省略できない ) ▸ The actress who played Juliet was excellent .ジュリエットを演じた女優は見事だった ▸ This is sure to satisfy those who are into computers .これはコンピュータにはまっている人をきっと満足させるだろう (→those 代名詞 3 )▸ There's no one who [that ] visits me now .今は私を訪ねてくれる人はだれもいない (!｟コーパス ｠先行詞がnoなど強い指示を示す語を含むときはthatが好まれるとされるが, 先行詞が人の場合はwhoの方が普通でthatは2 ～3割程度; →that 代名詞 6 語法 (1 )) ▸ Do you know the boy (who is ) sitting beside her? 彼女のそばに座っている男の子知ってますか ▸ two students (who were ) selected to represent the school 学校代表に選ばれた2人の生徒 (!以上2例のように2語以上からなる分詞句が続く場合, ｟主に書 ｠では 「who ＋be 」が省略されて簡潔に表現されることがある ) ▸ a hockey team who are mostly blacks ほとんどが黒人のホッケーチーム (!｟主に英 ｠で人の集合名詞を複数扱いするときはwho, 単数扱いするときはwhichを用いる; →team ) 語法 ①主格の who の省略 主に ｟話 ｠で先行詞が存在構文に続く場合, whoが省略されることがある ▸ There's a lot of people (who ) think he should resign .彼は辞職すべきだと考えている人が多い ②who /whom 選択の誤用 whomであるべきところにwhoを, whoであるべきところにwhomを用いた誤用が時々見られる ▸ There's a student in our school who we believe to be a whizz-kid .我が校にはみんなが天才少年と思っている生徒がいる (!believeの目的語であるのに誤って主語ととらえている ) ▸ There's a student in our school whom we believe is a whizz-kid . (!誤って 動詞 believeの目的語ととらえている ) ③｟コーパス ｠人称代名詞の先行詞 a. 特定の人を表す場合と一般の人を表して普遍的真理を述べる場合がある ▸ “Joe will keep you for her. ” “Her? ” “She who brought you here. ”「ジョーは彼女のために君をここに引き留めておくだろうね 」「彼女って 」「君をここに連れてきた彼女さ 」▸ He who endures, conquers .辛抱する者が勝利を得る (!(1 )一般の人を表すためにhe, she, theyが用いられる. (2 )述部の前にしばしばコンマが置かれる ) .b. 不平 不満を述べる事情を表すことがある ▸ And still you don't know me? You who can tell everything that is happening in your husband's mind? それでまだ私のことがわかっていないの, あなたの旦那さんの考えていることなら何でもわかるあなたが .b. ｟くだけて ｠〖他動詞 または 前置詞 の目的語として 〗▸ She's a woman (who [that, ｟かたく やや古 ｠whom ]) you can trust completely .彼女は100 \%信頼のおける人です ▸ I need someone (who ) I can leave my baby with .赤ん坊を預けられる人が必要だ (!(1 )先行詞が不定代名詞の場合, whoよりthatの方が好まれる; →that 代名詞 6 語法 (1 ). (2 )｟かたく ｠では … someone with whom I can … も可能だが, whomの省略は不可能; ╳… someone with who [that ] I can … としない ) 語法 目的格のwhomは ｟かたく やや古 ｠なので, 日常的にはwhoまたはthatが好まれる. しかし, その場合も ｟かたく ｠を除いて省略するのが一般的 ▸ She's the woman I share a flat with .彼女が一緒にアパートを借りている人です c. ｟くだけて ｠〖後続の従属節中の主語として 〗 (!しばしばsaid, know, feel, hope, wishなどの従属節中で ) ▸ That is the man (who [that ]) Susan said could show us around the city .あれは我々に町を案内してくれるとスーザンが言っていた男性です (!whoが主格の場合, saidの後に続く従属節の主語と紛らわしくなるため接続詞のthatは必ず省略される: ╳… Susan said that could … としない ) .3 〖関係代名詞; 非制限用法 〗そして [すると ]その人 (たち )は .語法 ①文脈によりand … だけではなく, but [because, though ] …などに近い意味になる .②先行詞やwhoの働きは 2 冒頭の ｟語法 ｠(1 ), (2 )と同じ .③｟書 ｠で多く用いられ, 前にコンマを置くのが普通 .④whoの省略は不可 .⑤固有名詞は制限しなくても特定できるので, 通例非制限用法となる .a. 〖主語として 〗▸ My grandpa, who is over 90, still drives his own car .おじいちゃんは90歳を超えていますが, 今でもマイカーを運転しています ▸ I have two sisters, who are both nurses .姉が2人いますが, 両方とも看護師をしています (!I have two sisters who … と制限用法にすると, ほかにも兄弟姉妹がいることが暗示される ) b. ｟くだけて ｠〖他動詞 または 前置詞 の目的語として 〗 (!非制限用法の目的格ではwhomの方が普通 ) ▸ This is Meg Ryan, who I'm sure you met at my party .こちらの方, メグ ライアン, 確か私のパーティで会ったよね ▸ Let me introduce Mr. Blair, who I talked to you about the other day, right? ブレアさんを紹介しましょう, 彼のことは先日話しましたよね 4 〖関係代名詞; 先行詞を含む用法 〗a. 〖関係節内の補語として 〗…である人 ▸ She's not who people think she is .彼女はみんなが思ってるような人ではない ▸ Those experiences have made me who [what ] I am .そうした経験のおかげで今の私がある b. ｟古 ｠…する人 (he who ); …する人はだれでも (anyone who ).【強調構文 】5 a. 〖It is A who ＋動詞 〗…する [ …である ]のはA 〈人 〉だ (!Aが人称代名詞目的格 (と同形 )の場合, who節中の 動詞 は, 特に ｟くだけて ｠では通例三人称単数呼応; →it 代名詞 9 ) ▸ It is I who am being ridiculous .ばかをやっているのは私だ (≒｟よりくだけて ｠It's me that is being ridiculous. )▸ “Richard. You don't understand. ” “No. It's y ó u who d ó esn't [｟よりかたく ｠d ó n't ] underst á nd, John (↘).”「リチャード, 君わかってないな 」「いや, わかっていないのは君だ, ジョン 」b. [◎It is A who [｟かたく ｠whom ] ＋ B ＋動詞 (＋前置詞 )]B 〈人 物 事 〉が …するのはA 〈人 〉である ▸ It was Ally who [whom ] Billy phoned last night .ビリーが昨夜電話をかけたのはアリーだった as wh ò should s á y ｟古 ｠…と言わんばかりに .wh ó is A to do …?｟話 ｠…するなんてA 〈人 〉は何様だ, Aは何の権限で …するのか (そんな権利 [資格 ]はない )▸ Who is she to tell me what to do? 彼女ごとき者がなんで私に指図するのか (≒Who is she that she should tell …?)wh ò 's wh ó 1 だれがだれか (!氏名 職業 役職 互いの関係などの情報 ) .2 〖A is a ～'s ～ of B 〗A 〈リストなど 〉はB 〈集団 組織など 〉の大物を網羅している .