English-Thai Dictionary

liberty

N สิทธิ ขั้นพื้นฐาน  sid-ti-kan-puean-tan

 

liberty

N อิสรภาพ  เสรี  อิสระ  อิสระ เสรี  เสรีภาพ  freedom id-sa-ra-pab

 

Webster's 1828 Dictionary

LIBERTY

n.[L. libertas, from liber, free. ] 1. Freedom from restraint, in a general sense, and applicable to the body, or to the will or mind. The body is at liberty, when not confined; the will or mind is at liberty, when not checked or controlled. A man enjoys liberty, when no physical force operates to restrain his actions or volitions.
2. Natural liberty, consists in the power of acting as one thinks fit, without any restraint or control, except from the laws of nature. It is a state of exemption from the control of others, and from positive laws and the institutions of social life. This liberty is abridged by the establishment of government.
3. Civil liberty, is the liberty of men in a state of society, or natural liberty, so far only abridged and restrained, as is necessary and expedient for the safety and interest of the society, state or nation. A restraint of natural liberty, not necessary or expedient for the public, is tyranny or oppression. civil liberty is an exemption from the arbitrary will of others, which exemption is secured by established laws, which restrain every man from injuring or controlling another. Hence the restraints of law are essential to civil liberty.
The liberty of one depends not so much on the removal of all restraint from him, as on the due restraint upon the liberty of others.
In this sentence, the latter word liberty denotes natural liberty.
4. Political liberty, is sometimes used as synonymous with civil liberty. But it more properly designates the liberty of a nation, the freedom of a nation or state from all unjust abridgment of its rights and independence by another nation. Hence we often speak of the political liberties of Europe, or the nations of Europe.
5. Religious liberty, is the free right of adopting and enjoying opinions on religious subjects, and of worshiping the Supreme Being according to the dictates of conscience, without external control.
6. Liberty, in metaphysics, as opposed to necessity, is the power of an agent to do or forbear any particular action, according to the determination or thought of the mind, by which either is preferred to the other.
Freedom of the will; exemption from compulsion or restraint in willing or volition.
7. Privilege; exemption; immunity enjoyed by prescription or by grant; with a plural. Thus we speak of the liberties of the commercial cities of Europe.
8. Leave; permission granted. The witness obtained liberty to leave the court.
9. A space in which one is permitted to pass without restraint, and beyond which he may not lawfully pass; with a plural; as the liberties of a prison.
1 . Freedom of action or speech beyond the ordinary bounds of civility or decorum. Females should repel all improper liberties.
To take the liberty to do or say any thing, to use freedom not specially granted.
To set at liberty, to deliver from confinement; to release from restraint.
To be at liberty, to be free from restraint.
Liberty of the press, is freedom from any restriction on the power to publish books; the free power of publishing what one pleases, subject only to punishment for abusing the privilege, or publishing what is mischievous to the public or injurious to individuals.

 

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

LIBERTY

Lib "er *ty, n.; pl. Liberties (. Etym: [OE. liberte, F. liberté, fr. L. libertas, fr. liber free. See Liberal. ]

 

1. The state of a free person; exemption from subjection to the will of another claiming ownership of the person or services; freedom; -- opposed to slavery, serfdom, bondage, or subjection. But ye. .. caused every man his servant, and every man his handmaid whom he had set at liberty at their pleasure, to return, and brought them into subjection. Jer. xxxiv. 16. Delivered fro the bondage of corruption into the glorious liberty of the sons of God. Bible, 1551. Rom. viii. 21.

 

2. Freedom from imprisonment, bonds, or other restraint upon locomotion. Being pent from liberty, as I am now. Shak.

 

3. A privilege conferred by a superior power; permission granted; leave; as, liberty given to a child to play, or to a witness to leave a court, and the like.

 

4. Privilege; exemption; franchise; immunity enjoyed by prescription or by grant; as, the liberties of the commercial cities of Europe. His majesty gave not an entire county to any; much less did he grant. .. any extraordinary liberties. Sir J. Davies.

 

5. The place within which certain immunities are enjoyed, or jurisdiction is exercised. [Eng. ] Brought forth into some public or open place within the liberty of the city, and there. .. burned. Fuller.

 

6. A certain amount of freedom; permission to go freely within certain limits; also, the place or limits within which such freedom is exercised; as, the liberties of a prison.

 

7. A privilege or license in violation of the laws of etiquette or propriety; as, to permit, or take, a liberty. He was repeatedly provoked into striking those who had taken liberties with him. Macaulay.

 

8. The power of choice; freedom from necessity; freedom from compulsion or constraint in willing. The idea of liberty is the idea of a power in any agent to do or forbear any particular action, according to the determination or thought of the mind, whereby either of them is preferred to the other. Locke. This liberty of judgment did not of necessity lead to lawlessness. J. A. Symonds.

 

9. (Manege )

 

Defn: A curve or arch in a bit to afford room for the tongue of the horse.

 

1 . (Naut. )

 

Defn: Leave of absence; permission to go on shore. At liberty. (a ) Unconfined; free. (b ) At leisure. -- Civil liberty, exemption from arbitrary interference with person, opinion, or property, on the part of the government under which one lives, and freedom to take part in modifying that government or its laws. -- Liberty bell. See under Bell. -- Liberty cap. (a ) The Roman pileus which was given to a slave at his manumission. (b ) A limp, close-fitting cap with which the head of representations of the goddess of liberty is often decked. It is sometimes represented on a spear or a liberty pole. -- Liberty of the press, freedom to print and publish without official supervision. Liberty party, the party, in the American Revolution, which favored independence of England; in more recent usage, a party which favored the emancipation of the slaves. -- Liberty pole, a tall flagstaff planted in the ground, often surmounted by a liberty cap. [U. S.] -- Moral liberty, that liberty of choice which is essential to moral responsibility. -- Religious liberty, freedom of religious opinion and worship.

 

Syn. -- Leave; permission; license. -- Liberty, Freedom. These words, though often interchanged, are distinct in some of of their applications. Liberty has reference to previous restraint; freedom, to the simple, unrepressed exercise of our powers. A slave is set at liberty; his master had always been in a state of freedom. A prisoner under trial may ask liberty (exemption from restraint ) to speak his sentiments with freedom (the spontaneous and bold utterance of his feelings ), The liberty of the press is our great security for freedom of thought.

 

New American Oxford Dictionary

liberty

lib er ty |ˈlibərtē ˈlɪbərdi | ▶noun ( pl. liberties ) 1 the state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's way of life, behavior, or political views: compulsory retirement would interfere with individual liberty. • (usu. liberties ) an instance of this; a right or privilege, esp. a statutory one: the Bill of Rights was intended to secure basic civil liberties. • the state of not being imprisoned or enslaved: people who have lost property or liberty without due process. • (Liberty ) the personification of liberty as a female figure. 2 the power or scope to act as one pleases: individuals should enjoy the liberty to pursue their own interests and preferences. • Philosophy a person's freedom from control by fate or necessity. • informal a presumptuous remark or action: how did he know what she was thinking? —it was a liberty! • Nautical shore leave granted to a sailor. PHRASES at liberty 1 not imprisoned: he was at liberty for three months before he was recaptured. 2 allowed or entitled to do something: competent adults are generally at liberty to refuse medical treatment. take liberties 1 behave in an unduly familiar manner toward a person: you've taken too many liberties with me. 2 treat something freely, without strict faithfulness to the facts or to an original: the scriptwriter has taken few liberties with the original narrative. take the liberty venture to do something without first asking permission: I have taken the liberty of submitting an idea to several of their research departments. ORIGIN late Middle English: from Old French liberte, from Latin libertas, from liber ‘free. ’

 

Liberty, Statue of

Lib er ty, Statue of see Statue of Liberty.

 

Liberty Bell

Lib er ty Bell ▶noun a bell in Philadelphia first rung on July 8, 1776, to celebrate the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence. It bears the legend “Proclaim liberty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof ” (Leviticus 25:10 ).

 

liberty boat

lib |erty boat ▶noun Brit. a boat carrying sailors who have leave to go on shore.

 

liberty bodice

lib |erty bod ¦ice ▶noun Brit. trademark a girl's or woman's close-fitting sleeveless bodice made from thick cotton, formerly worn as a warm undergarment.

 

liberty cap

lib er ty cap ▶noun 1 a common small European toadstool that has a grayish-brown cap with a distinct boss and a long thin stem, containing the hallucinogen psilocybin. See also magic mushroom. [Psilocybe semilanceata, family Strophariaceae, class Hymenomycetes. ] 2 another term for cap of liberty.

 

Liberty Hall

Liberty Hall ▶noun a place where one may do as one likes.

 

liberty horse

lib |erty horse ▶noun a horse that performs in a circus without a rider.

 

Liberty Island

Lib er ty Is land an island in New York Bay, off Jersey City in New Jersey, site (since 1885 ) of the Statue of Liberty.

 

liberty man

lib |erty man ▶noun Brit. a sailor with leave to go ashore.

 

liberty of the subject

lib |erty of the sub |ject ▶noun chiefly Brit. the rights of a subject under constitutional rule.

 

Liberty ship

Lib er ty ship ▶noun historical a prefabricated US-built freighter of World War II.

 

Oxford Dictionary

liberty

lib |erty |ˈlɪbəti | ▶noun ( pl. liberties ) [ mass noun ] 1 the state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's behaviour or political views: compulsory retirement would interfere with individual liberty. • the state of not being imprisoned or enslaved: people who attacked phone boxes would lose their liberty. • the power or scope to act as one pleases: individuals should enjoy the liberty to pursue their own preferences. • Philosophy a person's freedom from control by fate or necessity. 2 [ count noun ] (usu. liberties ) a right or privilege, especially a statutory one: the Bill of Rights was intended to secure basic civil liberties. 3 [ count noun ] informal a presumptuous remark or action: how did he know what she was thinking? —it was a liberty! 4 Nautical shore leave granted to a sailor. PHRASES at liberty 1 not imprisoned. 2 allowed or entitled to do something: he's not at liberty to discuss his real work. take liberties 1 behave in an unduly familiar or easy manner towards someone or something: you've taken too many liberties with me. 2 treat something freely, without strict faithfulness to the facts or to an original: the scriptwriter has taken few liberties with the original narrative. take the liberty venture to do something without first asking permission: I took the liberty of checking out a few convalescent homes for him. ORIGIN late Middle English: from Old French liberte, from Latin libertas, from liber ‘free ’.

 

Liberty, Statue of

Liberty, Statue of a statue at the entrance to New York harbour, a symbol of welcome to immigrants, representing a draped female figure carrying a book of laws in her left hand and holding aloft a torch in her right. Dedicated in 1886, it was designed by Frédéric -Auguste Bartholdi and was the gift of the French, commemorating the alliance of France and the US during the War of American Independence.

 

Liberty Bell

Liberty Bell a bell in Philadelphia first rung on 8 July 1776 to celebrate the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence. It bears the legend ‘Proclaim liberty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof ’ (Leviticus 25:10 ).

 

liberty boat

lib |erty boat ▶noun Brit. a boat carrying sailors who have leave to go on shore.

 

liberty bodice

lib |erty bod ¦ice ▶noun Brit. trademark a girl's or woman's close-fitting sleeveless bodice made from thick cotton, formerly worn as a warm undergarment.

 

liberty cap

lib |erty cap ▶noun 1 a common small European toadstool which has a greyish-brown cap with a distinct boss and a long, thin stem, containing the hallucinogen psilocybin. See also magic mushroom. ●Psilocybe semilanceata, family Strophariaceae, class Hymenomycetes. 2 another term for cap of liberty (see cap 1 ).

 

Liberty Hall

Liberty Hall ▶noun a place where one may do as one likes.

 

liberty horse

lib |erty horse ▶noun a horse that performs in a circus without a rider.

 

Liberty Island

Lib er ty Is land an island in New York Bay, off Jersey City in New Jersey, site (since 1885 ) of the Statue of Liberty.

 

liberty man

lib |erty man ▶noun Brit. a sailor with leave to go ashore.

 

liberty of the subject

lib |erty of the sub |ject ▶noun chiefly Brit. the rights of a subject under constitutional rule.

 

Liberty ship

Lib ¦erty ship ▶noun a prefabricated US-built freighter of the Second World War.

 

American Oxford Thesaurus

liberty

liberty noun 1 personal liberty: freedom, independence, free rein, license, self-determination, free will, latitude. ANTONYMS constraint, slavery. 2 the fight for liberty: independence, freedom, autonomy, sovereignty, self-government, self-rule, self-determination; civil liberties, human rights. ANTONYMS tyranny. 3 the liberty to go where you please: right, birthright, prerogative, entitlement, privilege, permission, sanction, authorization, authority, license, power. ANTONYMS constraint. PHRASES at liberty 1 he was at liberty for three months: free, on the loose, loose, at large, unconfined; escaped, out, on the lam. 2 you are at liberty to leave: free, permitted, allowed, authorized, able, entitled, eligible. take liberties with I'd appreciate it if you would refrain from taking liberties with me: act with familiarity toward, show disrespect to /toward, act with impropriety with /toward, act indecorously with, be impudent with, act with impertinence to /toward; take advantage of, exploit. PHRASES take the liberty may I take the liberty to order champagne? presume, venture, be so bold as. CHOOSE THE RIGHT WORD liberty, freedom, independence, license, permission The Fourth of July is the day on which Americans commemorate their nation's independence, a word that implies the ability to stand alone, without being sustained by anything else. While independence is usually associated with countries or nations, freedom and liberty more often apply to individuals. But unlike freedom, which implies an absence of restraint or compulsion (the freedom to speak openly ), liberty implies the power to choose among alternatives rather than merely being unrestrained (the liberty to select their own form of government ). Freedom can also apply to many different types of oppressive influences (freedom from interruption; freedom to leave the room at any time ), while liberty often connotes deliverance or release (he gave the slaves their liberty ). License may imply the liberty to disobey rules or regulations imposed on others, especially when there is an advantage to be gained in doing so (poetic license ). But more often it refers to an abuse of liberty or the power to do whatever one pleases (a license to sell drugs ). Permission is an even broader term than license, suggesting the capacity to act without interference or censure, usually with some degree of approval or authority (permission to be absent from his post ).These notes show fine distinctions in meaning between closely related synonyms to help you find the best word.

 

Oxford Thesaurus

liberty

liberty noun 1 individuals should enjoy the liberty to pursue their own interests and preferences: freedom, independence, free rein, freeness, licence, self-determination; free will, latitude, option, choice; volition, non-compulsion, non-coercion, non-confinement; leeway, margin, scope, elbow room. ANTONYMS constraint. 2 parliamentary government is the essence of British liberty: independence, freedom, autonomy, sovereignty, self government, self rule, self determination, home rule; civil liberties, civil rights, human rights; rare autarky. ANTONYMS dependence, subjugation. 3 no man who was born free would be contented to be penned up and denied the liberty to go where he pleases: right, birthright, opportunity, facility, prerogative, entitlement, privilege, permission, sanction, leave, consent, authorization, authority, licence, clearance, blessing, dispensation, exemption, faculty; French carte blanche. ANTONYMS constraint. PHRASES at liberty 1 he was at liberty for three months before he was recaptured: free, on the loose, loose, set loose, at large, unconfined, roaming; unbound, untied, unchained, unshackled, unfettered, unrestrained, unrestricted, wild, untrammelled; escaped, out; informal sprung. ANTONYMS in captivity; imprisoned. 2 your great aunt was at liberty to divide her estate how she chose: free, permitted, allowed, authorized, able, entitled, eligible, fit; unconstrained, unrestricted, unhindered, without constraint. ANTONYMS forbidden. take liberties you've already taken too many liberties with me: act with overfamiliarity, act with familiarity, show disrespect, act with impropriety, act indecorously, be impudent, commit a breach of etiquette, act with boldness, act with impertinence, show insolence, show impudence, show presumptuousness, show presumption, show forwardness, show audacity, be unrestrained; take advantage of, exploit. ANTONYMS be polite; show consideration. CHOOSE THE RIGHT WORD liberty, freedom, independence All these words denote absence of constraint or coercion. ■ Liberty denotes the desirable state of being free, within society, from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's behaviour or political views (we believe in civil and religious liberty for everyone ). It may also mean the power or scope to act as one pleases (individuals should enjoy the liberty to pursue their own preferences ). To be at liberty to do something is to be allowed or entitled to do it (I'm not at liberty to say ). ■ Freedom is a more general word for the absence of constraint (decentralization would give local managers more freedom | freedom of expression | freedom to organize their affairs ). Freedom can also indicate the absence of a particular evil or constraint (freedom from fear | freedom from interference ) or the state of being unrestricted in movement (the shorts have a side split for freedom of movement ). Both freedom and liberty can also mean the state of not being imprisoned or enslaved (the teenager committed fifty-six crimes before he lost his freedom | the mayor remained at liberty pending a decision as to his place of confinement ). ■ The principal meaning of independence is the absence of control of a nation or corporate body by an outside power (recognition of Azerbaijan's independence | the independence of the judiciary ). When used in relation to individuals, independence may denote a freedom from commitments (could she pursue her independence if Chester needed her? ) or the personal quality of not relying on others (parents should foster their child's independence ).These notes show fine distinctions in meaning between closely related synonyms to help you find the best word.

 

Duden Dictionary

Liberty

Li ber ty Substantiv, maskulin , der |L i berty |der Liberty; Genitiv: des Liberty [s ] lateinisch-französisch -englisch ; »Freiheit «; nach dem Namen einer Londoner Textilfirma feines atlasbindiges Gewebe aus Naturseide oder Chemiefasern

 

Sanseido Wisdom Dictionary

liberty

lib er ty /lɪ́bə r ti /→liberal 名詞 複 -ties /-z /1 U 自由 , 独立 ; (拘束 幽閉などからの )自由 (!freedomよりかたい表現で, 「束縛からの自由 」を強調 ) ; 〖L- 〗自由の女神 ▸ Students wanted to have more liberty in school life .学生たちは学校生活でもっと自由が欲しいと思っていた ▸ fight for one's liberty 自由のために戦う 2 C 〖時に -ties 〗(表現 思想 行動の )自由 , (法律で認められた )権利 (→civil liberty )▸ abuses of individual [personal ] liberty 個人の自由の乱用 ▸ limit religious liberty 信教の自由を制限する ▸ the liberty of the press 報道の自由 3 C 勝手 [無礼 ]な行為 [発言 ]▸ Don't take liberties with the things on my desk! 私の机の上の物を勝手に触るな ▸ He takes too many liberties .彼は好き勝手をしすぎる 4 U 〖通例the ～〗 «…する » 自由 , 許可 «to do , of do ing » ; (出入り 使用などの )自由 ▸ take the liberty of using my cell phone 勝手に私の携帯電話を使う ▸ You have the liberty of this room .あなたはこの部屋を自由に使っていい 5 C ｟文 ｠〖しばしば -ties 〗(公認された )特権 , 特典 .6 U 〘海 〙(船員に与えられる )上陸許可 〘通例24時間以内 〙.at l í berty 1 ｟かたく ｠〈囚人 動物が 〉解放されて, 自由に動きまわれて (free ).2 〈人が 〉暇で ; 〈物が 〉使われていないで .at l í berty to do ｟かたく ｠〖be ～〗…する権利 [自由 ]がある, 好きなように …してかまわない (!しばしば否定文で ) ▸ I am not at liberty to tell you about it .私は勝手にそれを君に話すことはできない t à ke l í berties [a l í berty ] with A 1 A 〈書物など 〉に勝手に大きな変更を加える (↑3 ).2 ｟やや古 ｠A 〈人 〉に (特に性的に )なれなれしい態度をとる .t à ke the l í berty to do [of do ing ]失礼ながら [無礼にも ]…する, (かまわないと思って )無断で [勝手に ]…する (!丁寧な表現 ) (↑4 ).L -́ B è ll 〖the ～〗自由の鐘 〘米国フィラデルフィアにある, 独立宣言採択時に鳴らされた鐘 〙.～́ b ò at ｟英 ｠〘海 〙上陸許可を得た船員を乗せる船 .～́ b ò dice やわらかくぴったりした胴着 .～́ c à p 自由の帽子 〘古代ローマの解放奴隷に与えられた三角帽子; 自由の象徴 〙.L -́ H à ll ｟英 やや古 ｠〖時にl - h- 〗自由気ままにふるまえる場所 .～́ h ò rse (サーカスで )騎手なしで芸をする馬 .L -́ Ì sland 〖the ～〗リバティー島 〘米国ニューヨーク湾の自由の女神像がある島; 旧称Bedlore 's Island 〙.～́ m à n ｟英 ｠〘海 〙上陸許可を得た船員 .L -́ sh ì p リバティー船 〘第2次大戦中, 米国で建造された規格輸送船 〙.