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English-Thai Dictionary

before

ADV ก่อนหน้านี้  kon-na-ne

 

before

ADV อยู่ ข้างหน้า  อยู่ หน้า  in front of behind yu-kang-na

 

before

CONJ ก่อนหน้านี้ เมื่อ  sooner than after kon-na-ne-maol

 

before

CONJ เร็ว กว่า  reol-kwa

 

before

PREP ก่อน  previous to after kon

 

before

PREP อยู่ หน้า  หน้า  ตรงหน้า  yu-na

 

beforehand

ADV ก่อนเวลา  ไว้ ก่อน  ล่วงหน้า  before after kon-we-la

 

beforetime

ADV ก่อนหน้านี้ 

 

Webster's 1828 Dictionary

BEFORE

prep. [be and fore, that is by fore, near the fore part. ] 1. In front; on the side with the face, at any distance; used of persons.
2. In presence of, with the idea of power, authority, respect.
Abraham bowed before the people of the land. Genesis 23:12.
Wherewithal shall I come before the Lord. Micah 6:6.
3. In sight of; as before the face.
4. In the presence of, noting cognizance of jurisdiction.
5. In the power of, noting the right or ability to choose or possess; free to the choice.
The world was all before them.
My land is before thee. Genesis 2 :15.
6. In front of any object; as before the house; before the fire.
7. Preceding in time.
Before I was afflicted, I went astray. Psalm 119:67.
Before Abraham was, I am. John 8:58.
Here the preposition has a sentence following for an object.
8. In preference to.
And he set Ephraim before Manasseh. Genesis 48:2 .
Poverty is desirable before torments.
9. Superior; preceding in dignity.
He that cometh after me is preferred before me, for he was before me. John 1:15.
1 . Prior to; having prior right; preceding in order; as, the eldest son is before the younger in succession.
11. Previous to; in previous order; in order to.
Before this treatise can become of use, two points are necessary.
12. Before the wind, is to move in the direction of the wind by its impulse.

 

BEFORE

adv. In time preceding. You tell me what I knew before.
1. In time preceding, to the present, or to this time; hitherto; as, tumults then arose which before were unknown.
2. Further onward in place, in progress, or in front.
Reaching forth to those things which are before. Philippians 3:13.
3. In front; on the fore part.
The battle was before and behind. 2 Chronicles 13:14.
In some of the examples of the use of before, which Johnson places under the adverb, the word is a preposition governing a sentence; as, "Before the hills appeared." This is the real construction, however overlooked or misunderstood.

 

BEFOREHAND

adv. [before and hand. ] In a state of anticipation or preoccupation; often followed by with; as, you are before hand with me. 1. Antecedently; by way of preparation or preliminary; aforetime. Mark 13:11; 1 Timothy 5:24, 25.
2. In a state of accumulation, so as that more has been received than expended. A man is beforehand. In this use it is more properly an adjective.
3. At first; before any thing is done.

 

BEFORE-TIME

adv. [before and time. ] Formerly; of old time. 1 Samuel 9:9; Joshua 2 :5.

 

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

BEFORE

Be *fore ", prep. Etym: [OE. beforen, biforen, before, AS. beforan;pref. be- + foran, fore, before. See Be-, and Fore. ]

 

1. In front of; preceding in space; ahead of; as, to stand before the fire; before the house. His angel, who shall go Before them in a cloud and pillar of fire. Milton.

 

2. Preceding in time; earlier than; previously to; anterior to the time when; -- sometimes with the additional idea of purpose; in order that. Before Abraham was, I am. John viii. 58.Before this treatise can become of use, two points are necessary. Swift.

 

Note: Formerly before, in this sense, was followed by that. "Before that Philip called thee. .. I saw thee. " John i. 48.

 

3. An advance of; farther onward, in place or time. The golden age. .. is before us. Carlyle.

 

4. Prior or preceding in dignity, order, rank, right, or worth; rather than. He that cometh after me is preferred before me. John i. 15. The eldest son is before the younger in succession. Johnson.

 

5. In presence or sight of; face to face with; facing. Abraham bowed down himself before the people. Gen. xxiii. 12. Wherewith shall I come before the Lord Micah vi. 6.

 

6. Under the cognizance or jurisdiction of. If a suit be begun before an archdeacon. Ayliffe.

 

7. Open for; free of access to; in the power of. The world was all before them where to choose. Milton. Before the mast (Naut. ), as a common sailor, -- because the sailors live in the forecastle, forward of the foremast. -- Before the wind (Naut. ), in the direction of the wind and by its impulse; having the wind aft.

 

BEFORE

BEFORE Be *fore ", adv.

 

1. On the fore part; in front, or in the direction of the front; -- opposed to in the rear. The battle was before and behind. 2 Chron. xiii. 14.

 

2. In advance. "I come before to tell you. " Shak.

 

3. In time past; previously; already. You tell me, mother, what I knew before. Dryden.

 

4. Earlier; sooner than; until then. When the butt is out, we will drink water; not a drop before. Shak.

 

Note: Before is often used in self-explaining compounds; as, before- cited, before-mentioned; beforesaid.

 

BEFOREHAND

Be *fore "hand `, adv. Etym: [Before + hand. ]

 

1. In a state of anticipation ore preoccupation; in advance; -- often followed by with. Agricola. .. resolves to be beforehand with the danger. Milton. The last cited author has been beforehand with me. Addison.

 

2. By way of preparation, or preliminary; previously; aforetime. They may be taught beforehand the skill of speaking. Hooker.

 

BEFOREHAND

BEFOREHAND Be *fore "hand `, a.

 

Defn: In comfortable circumstances as regards property; forehanded. Rich and much beforehand. Bacon.

 

BEFORETIME

BEFORETIME Be *fore "time `, adv.

 

Defn: Formerly; aforetime. [They ] dwelt in their tents, as beforetime. 2 Kings xiii. 5.

 

New American Oxford Dictionary

before

be fore |biˈfôr bəˈfɔ (ə )r | preposition, conjunction, & adverb 1 during the period of time preceding (a particular event, date, or time ): [ as prep. ] : she had to rest before dinner | the day before yesterday | before the war | [ as conjunction ] : they lived rough for four days before they were arrested | it wasn't long before I had my first bite | [ as adv. ] : his playing days had ended six years before | it's never happened to me before. 2 in front of: [ as prep. ] : Matilda stood before her, panting | the patterns swam before her eyes | [ as adv. ] archaic : trotting through the city with guards running before and behind. [ prep. ] in front of and required to answer to (a court of law, tribunal, or other authority ): he could be taken before a magistrate for punishment | a fall in the number of cases brought before the courts. 3 in preference to; with a higher priority than: [ as prep. ] : a woman who placed duty before all else | [ as conjunction ] : they would die before they would cooperate with each other. ORIGIN Old English beforan (see by, fore ), of Germanic origin; related to German bevor .

 

beforehand

be fore hand |biˈfôrˌhand bəˈfɔrˌhænd | adverb before an action or event; in advance: rooms must be booked beforehand. PHRASES be beforehand with archaic anticipate; forestall. ORIGIN Middle English (originally as two words ): from before + hand; probably influenced by Old French avant main .

 

beforetime

be fore time |biˈfôrˌtīm bəˈfɔrtaɪm | adverb archaic previously; formerly.

 

Oxford Dictionary

before

be ¦fore |bɪˈfɔː | preposition, conjunction, & adverb 1 during the period of time preceding (a particular event or time ): [ as prep. ] : she had to rest before dinner | the day before yesterday | [ as conjunction ] : they lived rough for four days before they were arrested | [ as adv. ] : his playing days had ended six years before | it's never happened to me before. 2 in front of: [ as prep. ] : Matilda stood before her, panting | [ as adv. ] archaic : trotting through the city with guards running before and behind. [ prep. ] in front of and required to answer to (a court of law, tribunal, or other authority ): he could be taken before a magistrate for punishment. 3 in preference to; rather than: [ as prep. ] : a woman who placed duty before all else | [ as conjunction ] : they would die before they would cooperate with each other. ORIGIN Old English beforan (see by, fore ), of Germanic origin; related to German bevor .

 

beforehand

be ¦fore |hand |bɪˈfɔːhand | adverb before an action or event; in advance: rooms must be booked beforehand. PHRASES be beforehand with archaic anticipate or forestall. ORIGIN Middle English (originally as two words ): from before + hand; probably influenced by Old French avant main .

 

beforetime

be fore time |biˈfôrˌtīm bəˈfɔrtaɪm | adverb archaic previously; formerly.

 

American Oxford Thesaurus

before

before preposition 1 he dressed up before going out: prior to, previous to, earlier than, preparatory to, in preparation for, preliminary to, in anticipation of, in expectation of; in advance of, ahead of, leading up to, on the eve of; rare anterior to. ANTONYMS after. 2 he appeared before the judge: in front of, in the presence of, in the sight of. 3 death before dishonor: in preference to, rather than, sooner than. adverb she has ridden before: previously, before now /then, until now /then, up to now /then; earlier, formerly, hitherto, in the past, in days gone by; formal heretofore. WORD LINKS pre-, ante- forming words meaning before in time, place, order, etc. ,’ such as prearranged (‘arranged in advance ’) and antenatal (‘before birth ’)Word Links sections supply words that are related to the headword but do not normally appear in a thesaurus because they are not actual synonyms.

 

beforehand

beforehand adverb bring any notes you compiled beforehand: in advance, ahead of time, in readiness; before, before now /then, earlier (on ), previously, already, sooner. ANTONYMS afterward.

 

Oxford Thesaurus

before

before preposition 1 he locked all the doors before going to bed: prior to, previous to, earlier than, preparatory to, in preparation for, preliminary to, in anticipation of, in expectation of; in advance of, ahead of, leading up to, on the eve of; rare anterior to. ANTONYMS after. 2 he was ordered to appear before Sir Robert: in front of, in the presence of, in the sight of; before the very eyes of, under the nose of. 3 he lived up to the tradition of death before dishonour: in preference to, rather than, sooner than, above, over, instead of. adverb 1 she had never confided in anyone before: previously, before now, before then, until now, until then, up to now, up to then; earlier, formerly, hitherto, in the past, in days gone by; rare heretofore. 2 a small party went on before: ahead, in front, in advance, in the lead. WORD LINKS before pre- related prefix, as in prewar, precede ante- related prefix, as in antenatal, ante-post Word Links sections supply words that are related to the headword but do not normally appear in a thesaurus because they are not actual synonyms.

 

beforehand

beforehand adverb it is important to save any files you have created beforehand: in advance, in readiness, ahead of time; before, before now, earlier, earlier on, previously, already, sooner.

 

Sanseido Wisdom Dictionary

before

be fore /bɪfɔ́ː r /〖「位置が前に 」>「時間が前に 」〗前置詞 時間 1 時間 a. (過去 未来の )〈時期 時点 よりも前 [先 ]に ; before doing …する前に (! 用例は 接続詞 1a も参照 ) (after ; by 前置詞 6 類義 )before Christmas [leaving home, 2 o'clock ]クリスマス [出かける, 2時 ]前に (!「5年前に 」のように期間の表現を伴うときは 副詞 1a 第4例 ) I'm coming at two; will you be here before that? 私は2時に来ます . それよりも前にここに来ますか (╳ … will you be here before? としない ).b. 〖A before B 〗B 〈事 時期 のA 〈ある期間 〉前に (!Aは … years [days, months ]など, 具体的な期間の表現 ) ; BのA すぐ ずっとなど 〉前に (!Aはjust, (not ) long, shortly, right, immediatelyなど ) just before …の直前に, …のちょっと前に long before his death 彼の死よりもずっと前に That happened 3,000 years before the birth of Christ .それはキリストが生まれる3千年前に起こった (≒ … before Christ was born. 接続詞 1b ).c. the A before B 〗B 〈事 時期 の前のA 〈夜 日など 〉(に ) (!しばしば副詞的に ) (the ) day before yesterday おととい (≒two days ago ) (!⦅米 ⦆ではしばしばtheが省かれる ) the night [week ] before last 一昨夜 [先々週 ]d. ⦅主に米 ⦆〖A B 〗(時刻を表して )B時A分 前で (to, ⦅米 くだけて ⦆of )ten before five 5時10分前 位置 2 序列 (順序 リストにおいて )…より前 []; …に優先して ; …より優れて ; …よりむしろ (after )You got here before me .私より先に到着しましたね My family life comes before everything .私は家庭生活を何よりも優先する ▸ Marty stood before all the others in knowledge of that subject .マーティはその問題に関してだれよりもくわしかった He would die before yielding .彼は屈服するよりはむしろ死を選ぶ (≒He would rather die than yield. )(接続詞 5 )3 面前 〈人 〉の面前で [], …が見ている前で ; (質疑応答のため )…の前に (in front of ) (!動詞 はappear, comeなど ) before our (very ) eyes 我々の見ている前で speak before a crowd 群衆の前で話す appear before the committee 委員会に姿を現す 4 話題 (議論 裁きなどのため )〈法廷 委員会など 〉の前に かける 持ち出すなど 〉 (!しばしばbring, layなどと共に ) lay the matter before the committee その問題を委員会にかける 5 位置 かたく 〈人 物 〉の前に [](behind ) (!in front ofの方が普通 ) stand before the altar 祭壇の前に立つ [出る ]6 手前 (移動中に )〈ある場所 〉の手前で (after )Turn right just before the elevators .エレベーターのすぐ手前で右に曲がってください 7 直面 かたく 仕事 状況などが 〉〈人 〉に直面して; 〈人 〉の前途に; 〈時間が 〉〈人 〉の自由で the task before me 私の眼前の仕事 ▸ A vast new century lies before us .広大な新世紀が我々を待っている ▸ I had the whole month before me and not a penny in my pocket .まる1か月自由に使えたが, ポケットには一銭もなかった 8 圧倒 かたく … (の勢い )に押されて , …にたじろいで He retreated before Luke's skillful sword .彼はルークの熟練した剣の前に後退した before ll (th ngs ) [nything lse, verything ]何よりも, 何はさておき (前置詞 2 ).接続詞 (!時を表す 接続詞 のbeforeは一般に強勢は受けない; when 接続詞 1a 語法 ) 1 (after )a. 過去 未来のある時点を規準にして 〗…する前に ; …しないうちに (by 前置詞 6 類義 )John started a new job before he graduated from college.Before he graduated from college, John started a new job .ジョンは大学を卒業する前に新しい職に就いた (≒⦅よりかたく ⦆before (his ) graduation [graduating ] from college .) (!beforeにより出来事の順序は明らかなので, 主節中は かたく や主節の出来事の完了を強調する場合を除いて John had started a new job …(…新しい職に就いていた )のように完了形にしない方が普通; 前置詞 1a ) I'll call you before I leave [⦅非標準 ⦆will leave ].出発する前に電話します (!before節内は未来の事柄を表す時でも通例現在形を用いる ) Ann wrote the review before she had read the whole book .アンはその本を全部読み終えずに書評を書いた (!before節内の現在 [過去 ]完了形は事柄の未完了を強調する ) It was a full two hours before he got out of the traffic jam .彼はまる2時間たってようやく渋滞から抜け出た Stop it now before it's too late .手遅れになる前に今すぐそれをやめなさい ▸ A lot of data must be gathered before you can write history .多くのデータを集めなければ歴史の記述はできない (!特定の時間とは無関係に必要条件 義務を表す ) b. 〖A before …〗…するA 〈ある期間 〉前に ; する すぐ ずっとなど 〉前に (!用例は 前置詞 1b ) .c. the A before …〗…する前のA 〈夜 日など 〉()(前置詞 1c )the week before school starts 学校 (の授業 )が始まる前の週に .2 it is [takes 〗A before …]…するまで [ため ]にはA 期間 かかる It won't be long [take long ] before we're rescued .すぐに救助してもらえるよ (!before節内は未来の内容でも通例現在形を用いる ) It was [took ] a long time [five years ] before we met again .我々が再会するまでかなり [5年 ]かかった (!主節が肯定文のときはlongではなくa long timeを用いる (long 1 名詞 1 ); ╳It was [took ] long before …としない ) ▸ “How long did it take [was it ] before you had the operation? ” “(It was [took ]) a couple of weeks.”「手術を受けるまでどのくらいかかりましたか 」「2, 3週間です 」.3 …するためには , …するまでに (!before節内の出来事が起こる前提条件を主節で述べる ) In this country, water has to be boiled before you can drink it .この国では, 水を飲むには煮沸しなければならない .4 ⦅話 ⦆(警告して )…がいやなら, …して欲しくなければ You have two minutes to get out of my house before I call the police .警察に通報されたくなければ2分以内にこの家から出て行ってくれ .5 かたく …するよりはむしろ (!主節にはwill, wouldを用いる; before節は否定文にしない; 前置詞 2 ) ▸ I will die before I (will ) submit .屈服するぐらいなら私は死ぬつもりだ (!willは未来でなく意思を表す ) I'd starve before I'd steal [I stole ].盗みを働くぐらいなら餓死したほうがましだ bef re you kn w it ⦅話 ⦆あっという間に, 知らぬ間に, たちまち .副詞 〖通例文尾で 〗時間 1 a. 〖通例現在完了形と共に 〗(今よりも )前に , 以前に , 今までに (!⦅主に米 ⦆ではしばしば過去形と共に用いる ) ; 〖過去完了形と共に 〗(過去のある時点よりも )前に (ago 類義 )We have met somewhere before [╳earlier ].(現在からさかのぼり )私たちは以前どこかで会ったことがある (!現在完了形と共に経験を表すときbeforeを用いる; earlier コーパスの窓 ) Haven't I seen you [we met ] somewhere before ?どこかでお会いしたことがありませんか (!相手と知り合いになりたい時の常套 とう 句としても用いる ) ▸ I have never seen a panda before [かたく never before seen a panda ].≒かたく Never before have I seen a panda [まれ have I seen a panda before ].私は今までにパンダを見たことがない ▸ I had met him five years before .(過去のある時点からさかのぼり )私は (その )5年前に彼と会っていた (!(1 )╳… before five yearsとしない. (2 )現在からさかのぼる時はagoを用いる:I met him five years ago. 今から5年前に彼と会った. (3 )「これ [それ ]以前に 」という意味を表したい時はbefore this [that ]を用いる; 前置詞 1a ) ▸ I have never experienced anything like that before or since .後にも先にもそんな経験は初めてだ b. the A before (その )前のA 〈夜 日など 〉(に ) (!しばしば副詞的に ) the day [week ] before その前の日 [週 ](≒the previous day [week ])c. 〖比較表現と共に 〗以前に as [like ] before 以前のように Our audience is now larger than ever before .今ではこれまでより観衆は増えている .d. 〖A before (それから )…前に (!…は (not ) long, shortly, right, justや … years [days, months ]など ) ▸ I told John so long before .ずっと前に [とっくの昔に ]私はジョンにそう話した e. 〖単独で 〗その前に, それより早く (!既出の内容を受けた省略用法 ) in 2004 or before 2004年またはそれ以前に You can take a break at three, not before .休憩は3時です, それまでは休めません ⦅作文のポイント ⦆以前あの角には店があった .× Before, there was a shop on that corner .There used to be a shop on that corner .used to .位置 2 ⦅古 ⦆前方に, 先へ (ahead ).

 

beforehand

bef re h nd 副詞 形容詞 前もって, あらかじめ (in advance )(afterward ).