English-Thai Dictionary

above

ADV ที่ มีอำนาจ มากกว่า  ti-mee-am-nat-mak-kwa

 

above

ADV เหนือกว่า  สูง กว่า  overhead up higher below nuea-kwa

 

above

PREP ข้างบน  เหนือ  khang-bon

 

above

PREP ดัง กว่า เสียง อื่น  dang-kwa-siang-uen

 

above

PREP ดี เกิน กว่า  dee-koen-kwa

 

above

PREP ด้าน เหนือ  ใน ทิศเหนือ  dan-nuea

 

above

PREP มากกว่า  mak-kwa

 

above

PREP ยาก เกิน กว่า  yak-koen-kwa

 

above

PREP เหนือกว่า  สูง กว่า  over nuea-kwa

 

above all

IDM โดยเฉพาะ (อย่างยิ่ง  ส่วนใหญ่  โดยมาก  doi-cha-phow

 

above one's station

IDM มี ฐานะ หรือ ตำแหน่ง ทางสังคม สูง กว่า (บางคน  mee-tha-na-rue-tam-naeng-thang-sang-kom-sung-kwa

 

above someone's head

IDM ยาก เกิน กว่า จะ เข้าใจ  ฉลาด เกิน กว่า (บางคน  จะ เข้าถึง  yak-koen-kwa-ja-khao-jai

 

above suspicion

IDM ไม่ น่าสงสัย  mai-na-song-sai

 

above-board

IDM โปร่งใส  ยุติธรรม  เปิดเผย  เชื่อถือได้  prong-sai

 

aboveboard

ADJ เปิดเผย  poet-phoei

 

aboveboard

ADV เปิดเผย  candidly openly flankly secretly furtively poet-phoei

 

Webster's 1828 Dictionary

ABOVE

prep. 1. Literally, higher in place.
The fowls that fly above the earth. Genesis 1:2 .
2. Figuratively, superior in any respect.
I saw a light above the brightness of the Sun, Acts 26:13.
The price of a virtuous woman is above rubies, Proverbs 31:1 .
3. More in number or quantity.
He was seen by above five hundred brethren at once, 1 Corinthians 15:6.
The weight is above a tun.
4. More in degree; in a greater degree.
Hannaniah feared God above many. Nehemiah 7:2.
The serpent is cursed above all cattle. Genesis 3:14.
5. Beyond; in excess.
In stripes above measure. 2 Corinthians 11:23.
God will not suffer you to be tempted above what ye are able, 1 Corinthians 1 :13.
6. Beyond; in a state to be unattainable; as things above comprehension.
7. Too proud for.
This man is above his business.
8. Too elevated in mind or rank; having too much dignity for; as
This man is above mean actions.
9. It is often used elliptically, for heaven, or the celestial regions.
Let not God regard it from above, Job 3:4.
The powers above.
1 . In a book or writing, it denotes before or in a former place, as what has been said above; supra. This mode of speaking originated in the ancient manner of writing, on a strip of parchment, beginning at one end and proceeding to the other. The beginning was the upper end.

 

ABOVE

adv. 1. Overhead; in a higher place.
2. Before.
3. Chief in rank or power. Deuteronomy 28:1.
Above all is elliptical; above all considerations; chiefly; in preference to other things.
4. Above board; above the board or table; in open sight; without trick, concealment or deception. This expression is said by Johnson to be borrowed from gamesters, who, when they change their cards, put their hands under the table.

 

ABOVE-CITED

Cited before, in the preceding part of a book or writing.

 

ABOVE-GROUND

Alive, not buried.

 

ABOVE-MENTIONED

Mentioned before. A. Bp. Abbrev. for Archbishop.

 

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

ABOVE

A *bove ", prep. Etym: [OE. above, aboven, abuffe, AS. abufon; an (or on ) on + be by + ufan upward; cf. Goth. uf under. *199. See Over. ]

 

1. In or to a higher place; higher than; on or over the upper surface; over; -- opposed to below or beneath. Fowl that may fly above the earth. Gen. i. 2 .

 

2. Figuratively, higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; beyond; higher in measure or degree than; as, things above comprehension; above mean actions; conduct above reproach. "Thy worth. .. is actions above my gifts." Marlowe. I saw in the way a light from heaven above the brightness of the sun. Acts xxxvi. 13.

 

3. Surpassing in number or quantity; more than; as, above a hundred. (Passing into the adverbial sense. See Above, adv. , 4.) above all, before every other consideration; chiefly; in preference to other things. Over and above, prep. or adv. , besides; in addition to.

 

ABOVE

ABOVE A *bove ", adv.

 

1. In a higher place; overhead; into or from heaven; as, the clouds above.

 

2. Earlier in order; higher in the same page; hence, in a foregoing page. "That was said above. " Dryden.

 

3. Higher in rank or power; as, he appealed to the court above.

 

4. More than; as, above five hundred were present.

 

Note: Above is often used elliptically as an adjective by omitting the word mentioned, quoted, or the like; as, the above observations, the above reference, the above articles. -- Above is also used substantively. "The waters that come down from above. " Josh. iii. 13. It is also used as the first part of a compound in the sense of before, previously; as, above-cited, above- described, above-mentioned, above-named, abovesaid, abovespecified, above-written, above-given.

 

ABOVEBOARD

ABOVEBOARD A *bove "board `, adv.

 

Defn: Above the board or table. Hence: in open sight; without trick, concealment, or deception. "Fair and aboveboard. " Burke.

 

Note: This expression is said by Johnson to have been borrowed from gamesters, who, when they change their cards, put their hands under the table.

 

ABOVE-CITED

ABOVE-CITED A *bove "-cit `ed, a.

 

Defn: Cited before, in the preceding part of a book or writing.

 

ABOVEDECK

ABOVEDECK A *bove "deck `, a.

 

Defn: On deck; and hence, like aboveboard, without artifice. Smart.

 

ABOVE-MENTIONED; ABOVE-NAMED

ABOVE-MENTIONED; ABOVE-NAMED A *bove "-men `tioned, A *bove "-named `(#), a.

 

Defn: Mentioned or named before; aforesaid.

 

ABOVESAID

ABOVESAID A *bove "said `, a.

 

Defn: Mentioned or recited before.

 

New American Oxford Dictionary

above

a bove |əˈbəv əˈbəv | ▶preposition 1 in extended space over and not touching: a display of fireworks above the town | [ with verb ] : a cable runs above the duct. • extending upward over: her arms above her head. • higher than and to one side of; overlooking: in the hills above the capital | on the wall above the altar. 2 at a higher level or layer than: bruises above both eyes | small windows above the aisles. • higher in grade or rank than: at a level above the common people. • considered of higher status or worth than; too good for: she married above her | above reproach. • in preference to: they cynically chose profit above car safety. • at a higher volume or pitch than: above a whisper | it went unheard above the din. 3 higher than (a specified amount, rate, or norm ): above average | above freezing | above sea level | the unemployment rate will soar above its present level. ▶adverb at a higher level or layer: place a quantity of mud in a jar with water above. • higher in grade or rank: an officer of the rank of superintendent or above. • higher than a specified amount, rate, or norm: boats of 31 ft. or above. • (in printed text ) mentioned earlier or further up on the same page: the two cases described above | see above left | [ as adj. ] : at the above address | [ as noun ] : since writing the above, I have reconsidered. PHRASES above all ( else ) more so than anything else: he was concerned above all to speak the truth. above oneself conceited; arrogant. from above from overhead: branches rained from above. • from a position of higher rank or authority: mass culture is imposed from above. not be above be capable of stooping to (an unworthy act ): he was not above practical jokes. over and above see over. ORIGIN Old English abufan (as an adverb ), from a- ‘on ’ + bufan (from bi ‘by ’ + ufan ‘above ’).

 

aboveboard

a bove board |əˈbəvˌbôrd əˌbəvˈbɔrd |(also above board ) ▶adjective & adverb legitimate, honest, and open: [ as adj. ] : certain transactions were not totally aboveboard | [ as adv. ] : the accountants acted completely above board.

 

Oxford Dictionary

above

above |əˈbʌv | ▶preposition 1 in extended space over and not touching: a display of fireworks above the town | a cable runs above the duct. • extending upwards over: she held her arms above her head. • higher than and to one side of; overlooking: in the hills above the capital | on the wall above the altar. 2 at a higher level or layer than: from his flat above the corner shop | bruises above both eyes. • higher in grade or rank than: at a level above the common people. • considered of higher status or worth than; too good for: she married above her . • in preference to: the firm cynically chose profit above car safety. • at a higher volume or pitch than: he seldom spoke above a whisper | the doorbell went unheard above the din. 3 higher than (a specified amount, rate, or norm ): the food was well above average | above sea level. ▶adverb at a higher level or layer: place a quantity of mud in a jar with water above. • higher in grade or rank: an officer of the rank of superintendent or above. • higher than a specified amount, rate, or norm: boats of 31 ft or above. • (in printed text ) mentioned earlier or further up on the same page: the two cases described above | see above left | [ as adj. ] : at the above address | [ as noun ] : since writing the above, I have reconsidered. PHRASES above all ( else ) more so than anything else: he was concerned above all to speak the truth. above and beyond in excess of the expectations or demands of: she was always there to help us out in difficult times, above and beyond the call of duty . • in addition to: you might consider giving employees an extra day or two off each quarter, above and beyond sick days. above oneself conceited; arrogant: he's getting a bit above himself. above the law in a position where one can avoid being bound by the laws that govern ordinary people: the army was above the law and enjoyed complete impunity. from above from overhead: branches rained from above. • from a position of higher rank or authority: mass culture is imposed from above. not be above be capable of stooping to (an unworthy act ): he was not above practical jokes. up above above one's head; overhead: we heard a sudden rumbling from up above . ORIGIN Old English abufan (as an adverb ), from a- ‘on ’ + bufan (from bi ‘by ’ + ufan ‘above ’).

 

above board

above board ▶adjective & adverb legitimate, honest, and open: [ as adj. ] : certain transactions were not totally above board | [ as adv. ] : the accountants acted completely above board.

 

American Oxford Thesaurus

above

above preposition 1 a tiny window above the door: over, higher (up ) than; on top of, atop, on, upon. ANTONYMS below, under, beneath. 2 those above the rank of colonel: superior to, senior to, over, higher (up ) than, more powerful than; in charge of, commanding. ANTONYMS below, junior to. 3 you must be above suspicion: beyond, not liable to, not open to, not vulnerable to, out of reach of; immune to, exempt from. 4 I have always valued culture above technology: more than, over, before, rather than, in preference to, instead of. 5 an increase above the rate of inflation: greater than, more than, higher than, exceeding, in excess of, over, over and above, beyond, surpassing, upwards of. ANTONYMS below, less than. ▶adverb 1 in the darkness above, something moved: overhead, on /at the top, high up, on high, up above, (up ) in the sky, high above one's head, aloft. 2 the two cases described above: earlier, previously, before, formerly. ▶adjective the above example: preceding, previous, earlier, former, foregoing, prior, above-stated, above-mentioned, aforementioned, aforesaid. PHRASES above all above all, deactivate the alarm before attempting to open the door: most importantly, before everything, beyond everything, first of all, most of all, chiefly, primarily, in the first place, first and foremost, mainly, principally, predominantly, especially, essentially, basically, in essence, at bottom; informal at the end of the day, when all is said and done.

 

aboveboard

aboveboard adjective the proceedings were completely aboveboard: legitimate, lawful, legal, licit, honest, fair, open, frank, straight, overt, candid, forthright, unconcealed, trustworthy, unequivocal; informal legit, kosher, by the book, street legal, fair and square, square, on the level, on the up and up, upfront. ANTONYMS dishonest, shady.

 

Oxford Thesaurus

above

above preposition 1 light filtered through a tiny window above the door: over, higher (up ) than, overlooking; on top of, atop, on, upon. ANTONYMS below, under, beneath. 2 no one above the rank of Colonel was willing to compromise himself: superior to, senior to, over, higher than, higher up than, more powerful than, more responsible than, ahead of; in charge of, commanding. ANTONYMS below, beneath, junior to. 3 you must be above suspicion of any impropriety: beyond, not subject to, insusceptible to, not liable to, not open to, not vulnerable to, not exposed to, not in danger of, superior to, out of reach of, immune to, exempt from. 4 I have always valued culture above technology: more than, over, before, rather than, in preference to, in favour of, instead of, sooner than. 5 the increase is above the rate of inflation: greater than, more than, higher than, exceeding, in excess of, over, over and above, beyond, surpassing, upwards of. ANTONYMS less than, below. 6 the river above the bridge: upstream from. 7 they live above the Arctic Circle: north of, northward (s ) from. PHRASES above all the job offered wider horizons, higher status, and, above all, a valuable source of income: most importantly, before everything, beyond everything, first of all, most of all, chiefly, primarily, in the first place, first and foremost, mainly, principally, predominantly, especially, essentially, basically, elementally, in essence, at bottom; informal at the end of the day, when all is said and done. above and beyond you might consider giving employees an extra day or two off each quarter, above and beyond sick days: in addition to, as well as, over and above; N. Amer. informal outside of; archaic forbye. above oneself ever since her promotion she'd been getting above herself: conceited, proud, arrogant, self-important, haughty, disdainful, snobbish, snobby, supercilious, imperious; informal stuck-up, cocky, high and mighty, snooty, uppity, uppish, big-headed, swollen-headed, too big for one's boots. ▶adverb 1 in the darkness above, something moved: overhead, on /at the top, on /at a higher place, high up, on high, up above, (up ) in the sky, high above one's head, aloft, (up ) in the heavens. 2 we will return to some of the issues raised above: earlier, previously, before, formerly, further back. ▶adjective the above example was chosen to illustrate the underlying problem: preceding, precedent, previous, earlier, former, foregoing, prior, antecedent, above-stated; aforementioned, aforesaid; rare anterior, prevenient, precursive, supra.

 

above board

above board adjective he had set up a chain of more or less above-board casinos: honest, fair, open, frank, straight, overt, candid, forthright, unconcealed, trustworthy, unequivocal; legal, legitimate, lawful, licit; informal legit, kosher, pukka, by the book, fair and square, square, on the level, on the up and up, upfront. ANTONYMS dishonest, shady. ▶adverb it's imperative that you play it all above board: honestly, fairly, openly, frankly, overtly, candidly, forthrightly, unequivocally; legally, legitimately, lawfully. ANTONYMS dishonestly, shadily.

 

Spanish Dictionary

abovedado, -da

abovedado, -da adjetivo 1 Que tiene forma de bóveda :el hangar está protegido por un amplio techo abovedado; la cubierta de estos templos románicos es abovedada .2 Que está cubierto por una bóveda :una gran sala abovedada; una construcción abovedada; las iglesias no serán en ningún caso abovedadas, a excepción del presbiterio .

 

abovedar

abovedar verbo transitivo 1 Dar forma de bóveda a algo .2 Cubrir una construcción con una bóveda .

 

Sanseido Wisdom Dictionary

above

a bove /əbʌ́v /〖「(位置が )…より高い 」＞「(能力 地位などが )…よりまさって 」〗前置詞 【空間 】1 〖位置 〗…の上に [の ], …の真上に [の ], …の上方に [の ], …より高く (! 接触せずにより高い位置にあることをいう; ↓類義 ) ; … を見下ろす位置にある; (地図などで )…より北に (↔below, かたく beneath ; →over )▸ The snow came up above [over ] our knees .雪はひざの上まで来ていた ▸ My bedroom is directly above [over ] the living room .私の寝室は居間の真上だ ▸ There's a picture above [over ] the fireplace .暖炉の上に絵が掛かっている (!｟コーパス ｠上下に延びる表面を意識するときはaboveの方が普通:There's a picture on the wall above the fireplace [the desk ]. 暖炉 [机 ]の上の壁には絵が掛かっている ) ▸ The plane flew (high [up ]) above the clouds .飛行機は雲より (ずっと )上の方を飛んだ (!high, upは高さを強調 ) ▸ a rock jutting above the water 水の上に出っ張った岩 (!｟コーパス ｠(1 )水面との上下の位置関係が重要な意味を持つときはabove waterという:He splashed wildly in a desperate attempt to stay above water. 彼は水に沈まないように必死にバシャバシャやった; →keep one's head above water . (2 )on the waterは水の表面を意識する言い方; ↓類義 (3 )) ▸ Get your hands above your head .(警察などが )両手を頭より高く上げろ ▸ The castle is on the hill above the town .その城は町を見下ろす丘にある ▸ side by side rather than one above the other 上下に並べてではなく左右に並べて ▸ above the equator 赤道以北に, 北半球に 類義 aboveとover, on, on top of 1 above と over はともに何かより高い位置にあることを表し, 垂直的な高さの違いに言及する場合はaboveとoverのどちらも可能. 覆うような状態や接触している状態をいう場合はoverが好まれる (→over 前置詞 1, 2 )▸ There was cloud over the lake .湖の上には雲があった ▸ put on a coat over one's pyjamas パジャマの上からコートを着る 2 特定の領域の上にとどまっていたり領域外に出ずにその上を旋回している場合などはaboveが用いられるが, 領域外にわたって移動 横断する場合はoverやacrossが好まれる ▸ The space shuttle was flying over [across ] Japan .スペースシャトルは日本の上空を飛行していた 3 on は位置の上下よりも表面への接触に重点がある. on top of は横幅よりも高さの方が長いものの上に接触している場合や, onの強意形として用いる .【程度 】2 〖超過 〗〈特定の水準 数値 〉を超えて , …より上で [の ], …以上で [に ](↔below ) (!aboveは示された数値を超えることを表すので, 厳密には日本語の 「以上 」とは合致しないことがある ) ▸ John is well [way ] above average in math .ジョンは数学でずいぶん平均を上回っている (!well, wayは強意 ) ▸ That mountain rises about 1,000 feet above sea level .その山は海抜1,000フィート (≒304m )の高さだ (!海抜を表すときはabove the seaより一般的; ↓コーパスの窓 ) ▸ We did not live above our means .われわれは自分の収入以上の生活はしなかった 類義 aboveとover 特定の数値より多いことを表すmore thanの意味では通例 over が好まれるが, 特定の基準を意識してそれより高い数値であることをいう場合は above も可能 ▸ women over [above ] the age of 40 40歳を超えた女性 (!women over [above ] age 40やwomen over [above ] 40 years of ageも可能だが, これらではいずれもoverを用いる方が普通 ) ▸ The temperature was over [above ] 100 degrees Celsius .温度は摂氏100度を超えていた (!温度をいう場合, 垂直の温度計を意識するときはaboveの方が普通: above freezing [zero ] 氷点 [0度 ]を超えて ) コーパスの窓 距離表現 ＋above ＋基準 ある基準よりどの程度高いのかを示すには次のような表現がある ▸ fly 10,000 feet above the ground [above ground (level )]地上1万フィート (≒3,000m )のところを飛行する ▸ a station elevated fifty feet above the water 水上50フィート (≒15m )の位置にある高架駅 ▸ be put into orbit 300 miles above the earth 地球の上空300マイル (≒480km )の軌道に乗る ▸ a stage raised two feet above the floor 床から2フィート (≒60cm )ほど高くなったステージ ▸ Tides rose five feet above normal [above their normal level ].潮は通常よりも5フィート (≒1.5m )高かった 3 〖優先 〗…より優先して, 重視して ▸ put [place, value ] freedom above love 愛情よりも自由を優先する ▸ choose blue above any other color ほかのどんな色よりも青を選ぶ 4 〖階級 〗(地位 権力などの点で )…より上の (↔below ) (!単なる上下 優劣関係ではなく, 管理 監督関係を暗示する場合はoverを用いる; →over 前置詞 7a ) ▸ He was above me in rank in the army .軍隊では彼の方が私より階級が上だった ▸ A hairdresser is in a position above a client .美容師というのは客より立場が上だ 5 〖音 〗〈他の音 〉より大きく [高く ], よく通って (over )▸ John yelled above the engine noise .ジョンはエンジンの音にかき消されないように声を張り上げた 【その他 】6 〖超越 〗(あまりに高潔 善良で )〈事 〉を超越して, … しない, …を受けない ;〖否定文で 〗(身を落として )〈恥ずべき行為など 〉をすることができる, … のようなことまでする [してくれる ]▸ He wouldn't lie; he's above that .彼はうそは言わないだろう, そんなことをするような人ではない ▸ be above suspicion [reproach, criticism ]嫌疑 [非難 ]の余地はない ▸ Our boss is not above helping out when we're busy .うちの部長はわれわれが忙しいときには手伝ってくれたりする ▸ Brown is not above a bribe .ブラウンはわいろでも受け取りかねない 7 〖さかのぼって 〗…より上流に ;｟ 古 ｠ (歴史的に )…以前にさかのぼって ▸ Above the bridge there is a big lake .橋の上流には大きな湖がある ab ò ve and bey ó nd A A 〈標準 予期 必要 〉を超えて, …以上に [で ]▸ be [go ] above and beyond the call of duty 任務以上である [のことをする ]ab ó ve one s è lf ｟くだけて 非難して ｠得意になって, うぬぼれて ▸ get [｟書 ｠rise ] above oneself 思い上がる 副詞 比較なし 1 〖しばしば 名詞 の後で 〗上に [で, の ], 真上に [で, の ], 高い所に [で, の ](↔below, かたく beneath )▸ There's a lawyer's office on the floor above .上階に法律事務所がある ▸ the clouds above 頭上の雲 ▸ Seen from above , the human brain resembles a walnut .上から見ると, 人間の脳はクルミに似ている ▸ “I'm here, ” said a voice from above .「私ならここよ 」と上から声がした 2 (特定の数値 水準などの点で )より上で ▸ students at intermediate level and above 中級以上の学生 ▸ Applicants must be 16 years of age or above .志願者は16歳以上でなければならない 3 (地位 権力などの点で )より上で ▸ obey orders from above 上からの命令に従う ▸ officers of colonel's rank and [or ] above 大佐以上 [またはそれより上の位 ]の士官 4 ｟かたい書 ｠〖しばしば 分詞 動詞 名詞 の後で 〗(同じ文書中 同ページ中で )上で, 先に 〈述べられた 〉; 前述 [上述 ]の (↔below )▸ as mentioned [described, noted ] above 前述のように (!日常的な ｟書 ｠ではas I said earlier [before ]やas I've already saidなどの方が普通 ) ▸ the choices listed above 上にあげた選択肢 ▸ See above for details .詳細は上記参照 ▸ as the table above shows 上の表が示すように ▸ Same as above .上に同じ 5 上流に [で, の ].6 ｟文 ｠天国に [で, の ].形容詞 比較なし 〖名詞 の前で 〗(同じ文書 ページ中で )上述の, 上記の ▸ Please forward the bill to me at the above address .請求書は私あてに上記住所までご転送ください (!｟よりくだけて ｠では … at the address I have given youや … at this addressなどの方が普通 ) 名詞 ｟かたく ｠〖the ～; 集合的に; ｟英 ｠では単複両扱い 〗(同じ文書 ページ中で )上記 [上述 ]のこと ▸ The above is true .上述の内容は真実だ

 

aboveboard

ab ó ve b ò ard 形容詞 〖be ～〗副詞 公明正大に [な ], 公然と [の ], ありのままに [の ].

 

above(-)ground

ab ó ve (-)gr ò und 形容詞 副詞 地上に (ある ); 生存して ; 埋葬されずに .

 

above-mentioned

ab ò ve-m é ntioned 形容詞 ｟かたく ｠〖名詞 の前で 〗前述の, 上記の (↔undermentioned )▸ the above-mentioned 上記の人 (たち )