The Wordsmith Dictionary

frac tion al ize |ˈfrakSHənlˌīz ˈfrækʃənlˌaɪz | ▶verb [ with obj. ] (usu. as adj. fractionalized ) divide (someone or something ) into separate groups or parts: fractionalized consumer markets. DERIVATIVES frac tion al i za tion |ˌfrakSHənl -iˈzāSHən |noun

fractionate

frac tion ate |ˈfrakSHəˌnāt ˈfrækʃəˌneɪt | ▶verb [ with obj. ] chiefly technical divide into fractions or components. • separate (a mixture ) by fractional distillation. DERIVATIVES frac tion a tion |ˌfrakSHəˈnāSHən |noun

fractionating column

frac tion at ing col umn ▶noun Chemistry a tall, horizontally subdivided or packed container for fractional distillation in which vapor passes upward and condensing liquid flows downward. The vapor becomes progressively enriched in more volatile components as it ascends, and the less volatile components become concentrated in the descending liquid, which can be drawn off.

fractious

frac tious |ˈfrakSHəs ˈfrækʃəs | ▶adjective (typically of children ) irritable and quarrelsome: they fight and squabble like fractious children. • (of a group or organization ) difficult to control; unruly: the fractious coalition of Social Democrats. DERIVATIVES frac tious ly adverb, frac tious ness noun ORIGIN late 17th cent.: from fraction, probably on the pattern of the pair faction, factious .

fracture

frac ture |ˈfrakCHər ˈfræk (t )ʃər | ▶noun 1 the cracking or breaking of a hard object or material: bone density testing can predict the risk for fracture. • a crack or break in a hard object or material, typically a bone or a body of rock: a fracture of the left leg. • the physical appearance of a freshly broken rock or mineral, esp. as regards the shape of the surface formed. 2 Phonetics the replacement of a simple vowel by a diphthong owing to the influence of a following sound, typically a consonant. • a diphthong substituted in this way. ▶verb break or cause to break: [ no obj. ] : the stone has fractured | [ with obj. ] : ancient magmas fractured by the forces of wind and ice. • [ with obj. ] sustain a fracture of (a bone ): (as adj. fractured ) : she suffered a fractured skull. • (with reference to an organization or other abstract thing ) split or fragment so as to no longer function or exist: [ no obj. ] : the movement had fractured without his leadership. • (as adj. fractured ) (of speech or a language ) broken. ORIGIN late Middle English: from French, or from Latin fractura, from frangere ‘to break. ’

Oxford Dictionary

fractal

fractal |ˈfrakt (ə )l |Mathematics ▶noun a curve or geometrical figure, each part of which has the same statistical character as the whole. They are useful in modelling structures (such as snowflakes ) in which similar patterns recur at progressively smaller scales, and in describing partly random or chaotic phenomena such as crystal growth and galaxy formation. ▶adjective relating to or of the nature of a fractal or fractals: fractal geometry. ORIGIN 1970s: from French, from Latin fract- ‘broken ’, from the verb frangere.

fraction

fraction |ˈfrakʃ (ə )n | ▶noun 1 a numerical quantity that is not a whole number (e.g. 1 /2, 0.5 ). 2 a small or tiny part, amount, or proportion of something: he hesitated for a fraction of a second | her eyes widened a fraction. • a dissenting group within a larger one. 3 Chemistry each of the portions into which a mixture may be separated according to a physical property such as boiling point or solubility. 4 [ mass noun ] (usu. the Fraction ) (in the Christian Church ) the breaking of the Eucharistic bread. ORIGIN late Middle English: via Old French from ecclesiastical Latin fractio (n- ) ‘breaking (bread )’, from Latin frangere ‘to break ’.

fractional

frac |tion ¦al |ˈfrakʃ (ə )n (ə )l | ▶adjective 1 relating to or expressed as a fraction, especially a fraction less than one. 2 small or tiny in amount: there was a fractional hesitation before he said yes. 3 Chemistry relating to or denoting the separation of a mixture into fractions: fractional crystallization. DERIVATIVES fractionally adverb

fractional distillation

frac |tion ¦al dis ¦til |la ¦tion ▶noun [ mass noun ] Chemistry separation of a liquid mixture into fractions differing in boiling point (and hence chemical composition ) by means of distillation, typically using a fractionating column.

fractionalize

fractionalize |ˈfrakʃ (ə )n (ə )lʌɪz |(also fractionalise ) ▶verb [ with obj. ] (usu. as adj. fractionalized ) divide (someone or something ) into separate groups or parts: fractionalized consumer markets. DERIVATIVES fractionalization noun

fractionate

fractionate |ˈfrakʃ (ə )neɪt | ▶verb [ with obj. ] chiefly Chemistry divide into fractions or components. • separate (a mixture ) by fractional distillation. DERIVATIVES fractionation |-ˈneɪʃ (ə )n |noun

fractionating column

frac ¦tion |at ¦ing col ¦umn ▶noun Chemistry a tall, horizontally subdivided container for fractional distillation in which vapour passes upwards and condensing liquid flows downwards. The vapour becomes progressively enriched in more volatile components as it ascends, and the less volatile components become concentrated in the descending liquid, which can be drawn off.

fractious

fractious |ˈfrakʃəs | ▶adjective (typically of children ) irritable and quarrelsome: they fight and squabble like fractious children. • (of a group or organization ) difficult to control; unruly: King Malcolm struggled to unite his fractious kingdom. DERIVATIVES fractiously adverb, fractiousness noun ORIGIN late 17th cent.: from fraction, probably on the pattern of the pair faction, factious .

fracture

frac |ture |ˈfraktʃə | ▶noun [ mass noun ] 1 the cracking or breaking of a hard object or material: ground movements could cause fracture of the pipe. • [ count noun ] a crack or break in a hard object or material, typically a bone or a rock stratum: a fracture of the left leg. • the physical appearance of a freshly broken rock or mineral, especially as regards the shape of the surface formed. 2 Phonetics the replacement of a simple vowel by a diphthong owing to the influence of a following sound, typically a consonant. • [ count noun ] a diphthong substituted by fracture. ▶verb break or cause to break: [ no obj. ] : the stone has fractured | [ with obj. ] : ancient magmas fractured by the forces of wind and ice. • [ with obj. ] sustain a fracture of (a bone ): (as adj. fractured ) : a fractured skull. • (with reference to a group or organization ) split or fragment and become unable to function or exist: [ no obj. ] : the movement had fractured without his leadership. • (as adj. fractured ) (of speech or a language ) faltering and full of mistakes; broken. ORIGIN late Middle English: from French, or from Latin fractura, from frangere ‘to break ’.

American Oxford Thesaurus

fraction

fraction noun 1 a fraction of the population: part, subdivision, division, portion, segment, slice, section, sector; proportion, percentage, ratio, measure. ANTONYMS whole. 2 only a fraction of the collection: tiny part, fragment, snippet, snatch, smattering, selection. 3 he moved a fraction closer: tiny amount, little, bit, touch, soupçon, trifle, mite, shade, jot; informal smidgen, smidge, tad. CHOOSE THE RIGHT WORD See fragment . These notes show fine distinctions in meaning between closely related synonyms to help you find the best word.

fractious

fractious adjective 1 fractious children: grumpy, bad-tempered, irascible, irritable, crotchety, grouchy, cantankerous, short-tempered, tetchy, testy, curmudgeonly, ill-tempered, ill-humored, peevish, cross, waspish, crabby, crusty, prickly, touchy; informal snappish, cranky, ornery. ANTONYMS contented, affable. 2 the fractious opposition party: wayward, unruly, uncontrollable, unmanageable, out of hand, obstreperous, difficult, headstrong, recalcitrant, intractable; disobedient, insubordinate, disruptive, disorderly, undisciplined; contrary, willful; formal refractory; archaic contumacious. ANTONYMS dutiful.

fracture

fracture noun 1 the risk of vertebral fracture: breaking, breakage, cracking, fragmentation, splintering, rupture. 2 tiny fractures in the rock: crack, split, fissure, crevice, break, rupture, breach, rift, cleft, chink, interstice; crazing. ▶verb the glass fractured: break, crack, shatter, splinter, split, rupture; informal bust.

fractured

fractured adjective he's laid up with a fractured collarbone: broken, cracked, splintered, shattered, ruptured. WORD TOOLKIT See cracked . Word Toolkits illustrate the difference between close synonyms by means of words typically used with them.

Oxford Thesaurus

fraction

fraction noun 1 a fraction of the population: part, subdivision, division, portion, segment, section, sector; proportion, percentage, ratio; share, ration, allotment, apportionment, helping, slice, lot, measure, quota, allocation; bit, piece; element, constituent, unit, module, ingredient; informal cut, whack. ANTONYMS whole. 2 these are only a fraction of the collection: tiny part, small part, fragment, snippet, snatch, smattering, selection. 3 he moved a fraction closer to her: tiny amount, little, bit, touch, hint, soupçon, trifle, mite, scrap, dash, spot, modicum, shade, jot; informal smidgen, smidge, tad.

fractious

fractious adjective 1 they fight and squabble like fractious children: grumpy, grouchy, crotchety, in a (bad ) mood, cantankerous, bad-tempered, ill-tempered, ill-natured, ill-humoured, peevish, having got out of bed the wrong side, cross, as cross as two sticks, disagreeable, pettish; irritable, irascible, tetchy, testy, curmudgeonly; crabbed, crabby, waspish, prickly, peppery, touchy, scratchy, crusty, splenetic, shrewish, short-tempered, hot-tempered, quick-tempered, dyspeptic, choleric, bilious, liverish, cross-grained; informal snappish, snappy, chippy, on a short fuse, short-fused; Brit. informal shirty, stroppy, narky, ratty, eggy, like a bear with a sore head; N. Amer. informal cranky, ornery, peckish, soreheaded; Austral. /NZ informal snaky; informal, dated waxy, miffy. ANTONYMS contented; affable. 2 the National Olympic Committee has to hold its fractious members together: wayward, unruly, uncontrollable, unmanageable, out of hand, obstreperous, difficult, headstrong, refractory, recalcitrant, intractable; disobedient, insubordinate, disruptive, disorderly, undisciplined, troublemaking, rebellious, mutinous, anarchic; defiant, stubborn, obstinate, contrary, wilful; archaic contumacious. ANTONYMS dutiful.

fracture

fracture noun 1 fracture will probably occur at the stress point: breaking, breakage, cracking, cleavage, rupture, shattering, fragmentation, splintering, splitting, separation, bursting, disintegration. 2 she sustained two fractures to her leg: break, breakage, crack, split. 3 crystals grow in the pores of the rock, causing tiny fractures: crack, split, fissure, crevice, break, rupture, breach, rift, cleft, slit, chink, gap, cranny, interstice, opening, aperture, rent; crazing. ▶verb she had fallen and fractured her skull | second-hand glass may fracture under pressure: break, snap, crack, cleave, rupture, shatter, smash, smash to smithereens, fragment, splinter, split, separate, burst, blow out; sever, divide, tear, rend; disintegrate, fall to bits, fall to pieces; informal bust; rare shiver.

fractured

fractured adjective he's laid up with a fractured collarbone: broken, cracked, splintered, shattered, ruptured. WORD TOOLKIT fractured See cracked . Word Toolkits illustrate the difference between close synonyms by means of words typically used with them.

French Dictionary

fraction

fraction n. f. nom féminin 1 Part séparée d ’un tout. : Dans la fraction 5 /7, 5 est le numérateur et 7, le dénominateur. Les 5 /7 (et non *5 /7 e ), les cinq septièmes (s ’écrit sans trait d ’union ). Note Technique Les fractions sont composées en chiffres: – dans les taux d ’intérêt. Un taux de 8 1 /2 \%. – dans les échelles de carte. 1 /50 000. – dans les textes financiers, scientifiques, techniques, mathématiques. Fractions décimales – Les fractions décimales sont toujours composées en chiffres. – Le signe décimal, qui est la virgule, s ’écrit sans espace. Les unités ne se séparent pas des décimales. 15,5 km (et non *15 km 5 ). – Si le nombre est inférieur à l ’unité, la virgule décimale est précédée d ’un zéro. 0,75. 2 Partie d ’une totalité. : Une fraction de seconde. SYNONYME parcelle ; portion . Note Sémantique Ne pas confondre avec les noms suivants: • éclat, morceau d ’une chose brisée; • fragment, morceau; • lambeau, partie déchirée d ’un vêtement, d ’un corps; • miette, petite parcelle. Note Sémantique Ne pas confondre avec le nom faction, groupe subversif.

fractionnaire

fractionnaire adj. adjectif Sous forme de fraction. : Un nombre fractionnaire.

fractionnement

fractionnement n. m. nom masculin Division. : Le fractionnement d ’une entreprise en unités.

fractionner

fractionner v. tr. , pronom. verbe transitif Diviser un tout en fractions. : Fractionner un nombre en quatre parties. SYNONYME partager . verbe pronominal Se diviser en parties. : Le groupe s ’est fractionné et chacun est parti de son côté. SYNONYME scinder ; séparer . Note Grammaticale À la forme pronominale, le participe passé de ce verbe s ’accorde toujours en genre et en nombre avec son sujet. La pierre s ’est fractionnée en petits morceaux. aimer

fracture

fracture n. f. nom féminin 1 Cassure d ’un os. : Une fracture du crâne. 2 figuré Rupture d ’un équilibre. : Le gouvernement doit s ’attaquer au problème de la fracture sociale et à celui de la misère du monde en général. Note Sémantique Ne pas confondre avec le nom facture, état détaillé précisant la quantité, la nature et le prix des marchandises vendues, des services rendus.

fracturer

fracturer v. tr. , pronom. verbe transitif 1 Casser un os. : Fracturer une jambe. 2 Briser. : Les cambrioleurs ont fracturé la porte. verbe pronominal 1 Se faire une fracture. : Elle s ’est fracturé le bras. 2 Se briser. : La porte s ’était fracturée. Note Grammaticale À la forme pronominale, le participe passé de ce verbe s ’accorde en genre et en nombre avec le complément direct si celui-ci le précède. Les os qu ’elle s ’est fracturés. Lors du transport, la table s ’est fracturée. Le participe passé reste invariable si le complément direct suit le verbe. Elle s ’est fracturé la jambe. aimer

Spanish Dictionary

fractal

fractal adjetivo /nombre común Que está relacionado con un modelo matemático que describe y estudia objetos y fenómenos frecuentes en la naturaleza que no se pueden explicar por las teorías clásicas y que se obtienen mediante simulaciones del proceso que los crea .

fractura

fractura nombre femenino 1 Rotura violenta de una cosa sólida, especialmente de un hueso del cuerpo :en la cuenta aparecía detallada la fractura de los vidrios; el paciente sufre fractura del codo derecho; (fig ) la guerra civil provocó en España una trágica fractura de consecuencias funestas .2 Lugar por donde se rompe una cosa sólida y señal que deja :la fractura se observa en la radiografía .3 Aspecto que presenta la superficie de un mineral o roca cuando se rompe :el cuarzo tiene una fractura irregular .4 geol Grieta o rotura que se produce en un estrato de la corteza terrestre :el carácter rectilíneo de esta costa se explica por la presencia de una fractura próxima que discurre paralela a la costa .ETIMOLOGÍA Préstamo (s. xvi ) del latín fractura ‘fragmento, trozo (de algo roto )’, ‘rotura (de un miembro )’, derivado de frangere ‘romper ’. De la familia etimológica de fracción (V.).

fracturación

fracturación nombre femenino Rotura violenta de una cosa sólida :minería por fracturación de la roca .

fracturar

fracturar verbo transitivo Romper una cosa sólida de forma violenta, especialmente un hueso del cuerpo :la orogenia andina produjo empujes que fracturaron el zócalo antiguo; el ciclista se fracturó la tibia en una caída ;se le fracturó la clavícula .

Sanseido Wisdom Dictionary

fractal

frac tal /frǽkt (ə )l /名詞 C 〘コンピュ〙フラクタル〘同じ形を繰り返し縮小した, コンピュータグラフィックスなどの図形〙.

fraction

frac tion /frǽkʃ (ə )n /〖語源は「パンを裂くこと, 砕くこと」〗名詞複～s /-z /C 1 小片 , 断片 , ほんの一部 ;〖a ～; 副詞的に〗ちょっと, ほんの少し ▸ a tiny [small ] fraction of land ネコの額のようなわずなか土地 ▸ win a race by a fraction of a second ほんの一瞬の差で勝つ ▸ open the door a fraction ちょっとドアを開ける 2 〘数〙分数 , 有理数 ; 端数 ; (数の )比 ▸ a common fraction (普通の )分数 ▸ a decimal fraction 小数 3 〘化〙留分 .4 〖通例the F- 〗〘キリスト教〙(聖餐（さん）式などで )パンを分割すること .

fractional

frac tion al /frǽkʃ (ə )n (ə )l /形容詞 1 わずかな, 微量の .2 分 [小 ]数の .3 〘化〙留分の .

fractionally

fr á c tion al ly 副詞 1 ほんのわずかに .2 分数的に .

fractious

frac tious /frǽkʃəs /形容詞 1 ｟非難して｠〈人が〉怒りっぽい, 短気な .2 〈関係などが〉壊れやすい, 不安定な .3 手に負えない, 度しがたい .～ly 副詞～ness 名詞

fracture

frac ture /frǽktʃə r /名詞複～s /-z /1 C U (骨金属などの )割れ [裂け ]目, 骨折 ,亀裂（きれつ）, ひび ;U 砕く [砕ける ]こと ▸ suffer a compound fracture 複雑骨折をする ▸ a hairline fracture 毛細状の亀裂 2 C U 〘音声〙(単母音の )二重母音化, 割れ .動詞他動詞 1 〈骨金属など〉を折る, … に亀裂を生ずる; 〈物事〉を割る, 壊す .2 〈集団組織など〉が分裂する, …に亀裂が入る (!しばしば受け身で ) ▸ a fractured relationship 亀裂の入った関係 3 ｟俗｠〈人〉を爆笑 [大笑い ]させる .自動詞〈骨金属などが〉亀裂を生ずる ; 折れる, 割れる ; 砕ける ; 〈集団組織などが〉分裂する .