English-Thai Dictionary

short

ADJ ขาด  ไม่พอ  ไม่ ถึง  ขาดแคลน  ขัดสน  น้อย  deficient insufficient kad

 

short

ADJ ชั่วครู่  ไม่นาน  ระยะสั้นๆ  short-term short-lived long chue-kru

 

short

ADJ ซึ่ง โกรธ ง่าย  ซึ่ง ถูก กระตุ้น ให้ โกรธ ได้ ง่าย  ซึ่ง ไม่ อดทน  short-tempered sharp sueng-kod-ngai

 

short

ADJ ย่อๆ  brief concise yor-yor

 

short

ADJ สั้น  ไม่ ยาว  เตี้ย  low skimpy not tall not long long san

 

short

ADJ เปราะบาง  กรอบ  ซึ่ง แตกหัก ง่าย  pro-bang

 

short

ADV อย่างกะทันหัน  อย่าง ฉับพลัน  abruptly yang-ka-tan-han

 

short

ADV อย่าง ไม่มี มารยาท  อย่าง หยาบกระด้าง  yang-me-ma-ra-yad

 

short

ADV โดยสังเขป  โดยย่อๆ  doi-sang-keb

 

short

N การ ลัดวงจร  ไฟฟ้าลัดวงจร  kan-lad-wong-jon

 

short

N ตำแหน่ง ในทีม เบสบอล  tam-nang-nai-tim-bes-sa-bon

 

short

VT ทำให้ ลัดวงจร  short-circuit tam-hai-lad-wong-jon

 

short and sweet

IDM สั้นๆ  ย่อๆ  san-san

 

short fuse

SL ความโกรธ ง่าย  อารมณ์ โมโห เร็ว  kwam-koed-ngai

 

short of something

IDM มี (บางสิ่ง  ไม่พอ  ขาด  me-mai-ppor

 

short pants

N กางเกงขาสั้น  kang-keng-ka-san

 

short shrift

N ช่วงเวลา สั้นๆ  ใน การ พิจารณา  chueng-we-la-san-san-nai-pi-ja-ra-na

 

short story

N เรื่องสั้น  rueng-san

 

short ton

N น้ำหนัก หนึ่ง ตัน (2000 ปอนด์  nam-nak-nuang-tan

 

short wave

N คลื่นวิทยุ ช่วง สั้น (ประมา ณ  20-200 เมตร  kluan-wid-ta-yu-chuang-san

 

short-circuit

VT ทำให้ ลัดวงจร  short tam-hai-lad-wong-jon

 

short-handed

ADJ เกี่ยวกับ ชวเลข  kiao-kab-cha-wa-lek

 

short-lived

ADJ ซึ่ง มี ช่วง อายุสั้น  momentary temporary sueng-me-chueng-ar-yu-san

 

short-order

N คน ปรุงอาหาร เร็ว  kon-prung-ar-han

 

short-range

ADJ ซึ่ง มี ระยะใกล้  sueng-me-ra-ya-kai

 

short-sighted

ADJ ซึ่ง มี สายตาสั้น  nearsighted farsighted sueng-me-sai-ta-san

 

short-sighted

ADJ ซึ่ง ไม่ มองการณ์ไกล  ซึ่ง มอง หรือ คิด อะไร ตื้นๆ  sueng-mai-mong-kan-kai

 

short-tempered

ADJ โกรธ ง่าย  harsh irritable koed-ngai

 

short-term

ADJ ช่วง สั้น  ระยะสั้น  short chueng-san

 

short-winded

ADJ สั้นๆ  san-san

 

shortage

N ความขาดแคลน  ความขัดสน  ความ อัตคัด  deficiency deficit inadequacy adequacy sufficiency kwam-kad-kan

 

shortbread

N ขนมปัง รส หวาน  ka-nom-pang-rod-wan

 

shortcake

N ขนมเค้ก รส หวาน  ka-nom-keak-rod-wan

 

shortcoming

N จุดอ่อน  ปมด้อย  defect weak point jud-on

 

shortcut

ADJ ซึ่ง เป็น ทางลัด  ซึ่ง สั้น กว่า  ซึ่ง ทำให้ เร็ว กว่า  sueng-pen-tang-lad

 

shortcut

N ทางลัด  tang-lad

 

shortdated

A ระยะสั้น 

 

shorten

VI ลดลง  lod-long

 

shorten

VT ทำให้ กรอบ  tam-hai-krob

 

shorten

VT ทำให้ ลดลง  tam-hai-lod-long

 

shorten

VT ทำให้ สั้น ลง  ย่อ ให้ สั้น  หด ให้ สั้น  abridge abbreviate lengthen tam-hai-san-long

 

shortening

N การ ทำให้ ลดลง  kan-tam-hai-lod-long

 

shortfall

N ความขาดแคลน  ความ ไม่ เพียงพอ  deficit kwam-kad-kean

 

shortfall

N จำนวน ที่ ขาด ไป  ปริมาณ ที่ ขาด ไป  jam-nuan-ti-kad-hai

 

shorthand

ADJ เกี่ยวกับ ชวเลข  ซึ่ง จด ชวเลข  kiao-kab-cha-wa-lek

 

shorthand

N ชวเลข  stenography speedwriting cha-wa-lek

 

shorthanded

A ชาด ผู้ ช่วยเหลือ ที่ เพียงพอ 

 

shorthead

N ชนะ แค่ เส้น ยาแดง 

 

shorthorn

A ปศุสัตว์ ที่ เลี้ยง เอา เนื้อ  shorthorn

 

shortie

N คน เตี้ย  shorty kon-tia

 

shortly

ADV อย่างย่อๆ  อย่างรวบรัด  โดยสรุป  yang-yor-yor

 

shortly

ADV อย่าง หยาบๆ  อย่าง ไม่สุภาพ  yang-yab-yab

 

shortly

ADV ในไม่ช้า  ใน เร็วๆ  นี้  presently quickly nai-mai-cha

 

shorts

N กางเกงขาสั้น  briefs underpants kang-keng-ka-san

 

shorts

N กางเกงใน ชาย  underwear kang-keng-nai-chai

 

shorts

N พันธบัตร ระยะสั้น  pan-na-bud-ra-ya-san

 

shortsighted

ADJ ซึ่ง มี สายตาสั้น  nearsighted farsighted sueng-me-sai-ta-san

 

shortsighted

ADJ ไม่ รอบคอบ  ไม่ สุขุม  ไม่ ฉลาด  mai-rob-kob

 

shortstop

N ตำแหน่ง ผู้ เล่น เบสบอล ใน สนาม  tam-nang-phu-len-bes-bon-nai-sa-nam

 

shortwaisted

A มี ช่วง เฉลี่ย ระหว่าง ไหล่ และ เอว สั้น กว่า ปกติ 

 

shortwave

N คลื่นแม่เหล็กไฟฟ้า ที่ มี ความถี่  30-60เมตร  kluan-mea-lak-fai-fa

 

shortwinded

A เหนื่อย เร็ว  สั้น 

 

shorty

N คน หรือ สิ่ง ที่ เตี้ย กว่า ปกติ  midget kon-rue-siang-ti-tia-kwa-pok-ka-ti

 

Webster's 1828 Dictionary

SHORT

a.[L. curtus.] 1. Not long; not having great length or extension; as a short distance; a short ferry; a short flight; a short piece of timber.
The bed is shorter than a man can stretch himself on it. Isaiah 28:2 .
2. Not extended in time; not of long duration.
The triumphing of the wicked is short. Job 2 :5.
3. Not of usual or suffifient length, reach or extent.
Weak though I am of limb, and short of sight. Pope.
4. Not of long duration; repeated at small intervals of time; as short breath.
5. Not of adequate extent or quantity; not reaching the point demanded, desired or expected; as a quantity short of our expectations.
Not therefore am I short
Of knowing what I ought. Milton.
6. Deficient; defective; imperfect. This account is short of the truth.
7. Not adequate; insufficient; scanty; as, provisions are short; a short allowance of water for the voyage.
8. Not sufficiently supplied; scantily furnished.
The English were inferior in number, and grew short in their provisions. Hayward.
9. Not far distant in time; future.
He commanded those who were appointed to attend him, to be ready by a short day. Clarendon.
1 . Not fetching a compass; as in the phrase, to turn short.
11. Not going to the point intended; as, to stop short.
12. Defective in quantity; as sheep short of their wool.
13. Narrow; limited; not extended; not large or comprehensive.
Their own short understandings reach
No farther than the present. Rowe.
14. Brittle; friable; breaking all at once without splinters or shatters; as marl so short that it cannot be wrought into a ball.
15. Not bending.
The lance broke short. Dryden.
16. Abrupt; brief; pointed; petulant; severe. I asked him a question, to which he gave a short answer.
To be short, to be scantily supplied; as, to be short of bread or water.
To come short, to fail; not to do what is demanded or expected, or what is necessary for the purpose; applied to persons. We all come short of perfect obedience to God's will.
2. Not to reach or obtain.
3. To fail; to be insufficient. Provisions come short.
To cut short, to abridge; to contract; to make to small or defective; also, ot destroy or consume.
To fall short, to fail; to be inadequate or scanty; as, provisions fall short; money falls short.
2. To fail; not to do or accomplish; as, to fall short on duty.
3. To be less. The measure falls short of the estimate.
To stop short, to stop at once; also, to stop without reaching the point intended.
To turn short, to turn on the spot occupied; to turn without making a compass.
For turning short he struck with all his might. Dryden.
To be taken short, to be seized with urgent necessity.
In short, a few words; briefly; to sum up or close in a few words.

 

SHORT

n.A summary account; as the short of the matter. The short and long in our play is preferred. Shak.

 

SHORT

adv. Not long; as short-enduring joy; a short-breathed man. In connection with verbs, short is a modifying word, or used adverbially; as, to come short, etc.

 

SHORT

v.t. 1. To shorten.
2. v.i. To fail; to decrease. [Not in use. ]

 

SHORT-BREATHED

a.Having short breath or quick respiration.

 

SHORT-DATED

a.[short and date. ] Having little time to run.

 

SHORTEN

v.t.short'n. 1. To make short in measure, extent or time; as, to shorten distance; to shorten a road; to shorten days of calamity.
2. To abridge; to lessen; as, to shorten labor or work.
3. To curtail; as, to shorten the hair by clipping.
4. To cintract; to lessen; to diminish in extent or amount; as, to shorten sail; to shorten an allowance of provisions.
5. To confine; to restrain.
Here where the subject is so fruitful, I am shortened by my chain. Dryden.
6. To lop; to deprive.
The youth-shortened of his ears. Dryden.

 

SHORTEN

v.i.short'n. 1. To become short or shorter. The day shortens in northern latitudes from June to December.
2. To contract; as, a cord shortens by being wet; a metallic rod shortens by cold.

 

SHORTENED

pp. Made shorter; abridged; contracted.

 

SHORTENING

ppr. Making shorter; contracting.

 

SHORTENING

n.Something used in cookery to make paste short or friable, as butter or lard.

 

SHORT-HAND

n.[short amd hand. ] Short writing; a compendious method of writing by substituting characters, abbreviations or symbols for words; otherwise called stenography.

 

SHORT-JOINTED

a.[short and joint. ] A horse is said to be short-jointed when the pastern is to short.

 

SHORT-LIVED

a.[short and live. ] Not living or lasting long; being of short continuance; as a short-lived race of beings; short-lived pleasure; short-lived passion.

 

SHORTLY

adv. 1. Quickly; soon; in a little time.
The armies came shortly in view of each other. Clarendon.
2. In a few words; briefly; as, to express ideas more shortly in verse than in prose.

 

SHORTNER

n.He or that which shortens.

 

SHORTNESS

n. 1. The quality of being short in space or time; little length or little duration; as the shortness of a journey or of distance; the shortness of the days in winter; the shortness of life.
2. Fewness of words; brevity; conciseness; as the shortness of an essay. The prayers of the church, by reason of their shortness, are easy for the memory.
3. Want of reach or the power of retention; as the shortness of the memory.
4. Deficiency; imperfection; limited extent; as the shortness of our reason.

 

SHORT-RIB

n.[short and rib. ] One of the lower ribs; a rib shorter than the others, below the sternum; a false rib.

 

SHORTS

n.plu. The bran and coarse part of a meal. [Local. ]

 

SHORT-SIGHT

n.Short-sightedness; myopy; vision accurate only when the object is near.

 

SHORTSIGHTED

a.[short and sight. ] 1. Not able to see far; having limited vision; in a literal sense.
2. Not able to look far into futurity; not able to understand things deep or remite; of limited intellect.

 

SHORT-SIGHTEDNESS

n. 1. A defect in vision, consisting in the inability to see things at a distance, or at the distance to which ssight normally extends. Short-sightedness is owing to the too great convexity of the crystaline humor of the eye, by which the rays of light are brought to a focus too soon, that is, before they reach the retina.
2. Defected or limited intellectual sight; inabilaty to see far into futurity or into things deep or abstruse.

 

SHORT-WAISTED

a.[short and waist. ] Having a short waist or body.

 

SHORT-WINDED

a.[short and wind. ] Affected with shortness of breath; having a quick respiration; as asthmatic persons.

 

SHORT-WINGED

a.[short and wing. ] Having short wings; as a short-winged hawk.

 

SHORT-WITTED

a.Having little wit; not wise; of scanty intellect or judgement.

 

Webster's 1913 Dictionary

SHORT

Short, a. [Compar. Shorter; superl. Shortest.] Etym: [OE. short, schort, AS. scort, sceort; akin to OHG. scurz, Icel. skorta to be short of, to lack, and perhaps to E. shear, v. t. Cf. Shirt. ]

 

1. Not long; having brief length or linear extension; as, a short distance; a short piece of timber; a short flight. The bed is shorter than that a man can stretch himself on it. Isa. xxviii. 2 .

 

2. Not extended in time; having very limited duration; not protracted; as, short breath. The life so short, the craft so long to learn. Chaucer. To short absense I could yield. Milton.

 

3. Limited in quantity; inadequate; insufficient; scanty; as, a short supply of provisions, or of water.

 

4. Insufficiently provided; inadequately supplied; scantily furnished; lacking; not coming up to a resonable, or the ordinary, standard; -- usually with of; as, to be short of money. We shall be short in our provision. Shak.

 

5. Deficient; defective; imperfect; not coming up, as to a measure or standard; as, an account which is short of the trith.

 

6. Not distant in time; near at hand. Marinell was sore offended That his departure thence should be so short. Spenser. He commanded those who were appointed to attend him to be ready by a short day. Clarendon.

 

7. Limited in intellectual power or grasp; not comprehensive; narrow; not tenacious, as memory. Their own short understandings reach No farther than the present. Rowe.

 

8. Less important, efficaceous, or powerful; not equal or equivalent; less (than ); -- with of. Hardly anything short of an invasion could rouse them again to war. Landor.

 

9. Abrupt; brief; pointed; petulant; as, he gave a short answer to the question.

 

1 . (Cookery )

 

Defn: Breaking or crumbling readily in the mouth; crisp; as, short pastry.

 

11. (Metal )

 

Defn: Brittle.

 

Note: Metals that are brittle when hot are called; as, cast iron may be hot-short, owing to the presence of sulphur. Those that are brittle when cold are called cold-short; as, cast iron may be cold- short, on account of the presence of phosphorus.

 

12. (Stock Exchange )

 

Defn: Engaging or engaged to deliver what is not possessed; as, short contracts; to be short of stock. See The shorts, under Short, n., and To sell short, under Short, adv.

 

Note: In mercantile transactions, a note or bill is sometimes made payable at short sight, that is, in a little time after being presented to the payer.

 

13. (Phon. )

 

Defn: Not prolonged, or relatively less prolonged, in utterance; -- opposed to long, and applied to vowels or to syllables. In English, the long and short of the same letter are not, in most cases, the long and short of the same sound; thus, the i in ill is the short sound, not of i in isle, but of ee in eel, and the e in pet is the short sound of a in pate, etc. See Quantity, and Guide to Pronunciation, §§22, 3 .

 

Note: Short is much used with participles to form numerous self- explaining compounds; as, short-armed, short-billed, short-fingered, short-haired, short-necked, short-sleeved, short-tailed, short- winged, short-wooled, etc. At short notice, in a brief time; promptly. -- Short rib (Anat. ), one of the false ribs. -- Short suit (Whist ), any suit having only three cards, or less than three. R. A. Proctor. -- To come short, To cut short, To fall short, etc. See under Come, Cut, etc.

 

SHORT

SHORT Short, n.

 

1. A summary account. The short and the long is, our play is preferred. Shak.

 

2. pl.

 

Defn: The part of milled grain sifted out which is next finer than the bran. The first remove above bran is shorts. Halliwell.

 

3. pl.

 

Defn: Short, inferior hemp.

 

4. pl.

 

Defn: Breeches; shortclothes. [Slang ] Dickens.

 

5. (Phonetics )

 

Defn: A short sound, syllable, or vowel. If we compare the nearest conventional shorts and longs in English, as in "bit " and "beat, " "not " and "naught, " we find that the short vowels are generally wide, the long narrow, besides being generally diphthongic as well. Hence, originally short vowels can be lengthened and yet kept quite distinct from the original longs. H. Sweet. In short, in few words; in brief; briefly. -- The long and the short, the whole; a brief summing up. -- The shorts (Stock Exchange ), those who are unsupplied with stocks which they contracted to deliver.

 

SHORT

SHORT Short, adv.

 

Defn: In a short manner; briefly; limitedly; abruptly; quickly; as, to stop short in one's course; to turn short. He was taken up very short, and adjudged corrigible for such presumptuous language. Howell. To sell short (Stock Exchange ), to sell, for future delivery, what the party selling does not own, but hopes to buy at a lower rate.

 

SHORT

Short, v. t. Etym: [AS. sceortian.]

 

Defn: To shorten. [Obs. ]

 

SHORT

SHORT Short, v. i.

 

Defn: To fail; to decrease. [Obs. ]

 

SHORTAGE

SHORTAGE Short "age, n.

 

Defn: Amount or extent of deficiency, as determined by some requirement or standard; as, a shortage in money accounts.

 

SHORT-BREATHED

SHORT-BREATHED Short "-breathed `, a.

 

1. Having short-breath, or quick respiration.

 

2. Having short life.

 

SHORTCAKE

SHORTCAKE Short "cake `, n.

 

Defn: An unsweetened breakfast cake shortened with butter or lard, rolled thin, and baked.

 

SHORT CIRCUIT

SHORT CIRCUIT Short " cir "cuit. (Elec.)

 

Defn: A circuit formed or closed by a conductor of relatively low resistance because shorter or of relatively great conductivity.

 

SHORT-CIRCUIT

Short "-cir `cuit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Short-circuited; p. pr. & vb. n.Short-circuiting.] (Elec.)

 

Defn: To join, as the electrodes of a battery or dynamo or any two points of a circuit, by a conductor of low resistance.

 

SHORTCLOTHES

SHORTCLOTHES Short "clothes `, n.

 

Defn: Coverings for the legs of men or boys, consisting of trousers which reach only to the knees, -- worn with long stockings.

 

SHORTCOMING

SHORTCOMING Short "com `ing, n.

 

Defn: The act of falling, or coming short; as: (a ) The failure of a crop, or the like. (b ) Neglect of, or failure in, performance of duty.

 

SHORT-DATED

SHORT-DATED Short "-dat `ed, a.

 

Defn: Having little time to run from the date. "Thy short-dated life. " Sandys.

 

SHORTEN

Short "en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Shortened; p. pr. & vb. n.Shortening. ] Etym: [See Short, a.]

 

1. To make short or shorter in measure, extent, or time; as, to shorten distance; to shorten a road; to shorten days of calamity.

 

2. To reduce or diminish in amount, quantity, or extent; to lessen; to abridge; to curtail; to contract; as, to shorten work, an allowance of food, etc. Here, where the subject is so fruitful, I am shortened by my chain. Dryden.

 

3. To make deficient (as to ); to deprive; -- with of. Spoiled of his nose, and shortened of his ears. Dryden.

 

4. To make short or friable, as pastry, with butter, lard, pot liquor, or the like. To shorten a rope (Naut. ), to take in the slack of it. -- To shorten sail (Naut. ), to reduce sail by taking it in.

 

SHORTEN

SHORTEN Short "en, v. i.

 

Defn: To become short or shorter; as, the day shortens in northern latitudes from June to December; a metallic rod shortens by cold.

 

SHORTENER

SHORTENER Short "en *er, n.

 

Defn: One who, or that which, shortens.

 

SHORTENING

SHORTENING Short "en *ing, n.

 

1. The act of making or becoming short or shorter.

 

2. (Cookery )

 

Defn: That which renders pastry short or friable, as butter, lard, etc.

 

SHORTHAND

SHORTHAND Short "hand `, n.

 

Defn: A compendious and rapid method or writing by substituting characters, abbreviations, or symbols, for letters, words, etc. ; short writing; stenography. See Illust. under Phonography.

 

SHORT-HANDED

SHORT-HANDED Short `-hand "ed, a.

 

Defn: Short of, or lacking the regular number of, servants or helpers.

 

SHORTHEAD

SHORTHEAD Short "head `, n.

 

Defn: A sucking whale less than one year old; -- so called by sailors.

 

SHORTHORN

SHORTHORN Short "horn `, a.

 

Defn: One of a breed of large, heavy domestic cattle having short horns. The breed was developed in England.

 

SHORT-JOINTED

SHORT-JOINTED Short "-joint `ed, a.

 

Defn: Having short intervals between the joints; -- said of a plant or an animal, especially of a horse whose pastern is too short.

 

SHORT-LIVED

SHORT-LIVED Short "-lived `, a.

 

Defn: Not living or lasting long; being of short continuance; as, a short-lived race of beings; short-lived pleasure; short-lived passion.

 

SHORTLY

Short "ly, adv. Etym: [AS. sceortlice.]

 

1. In a short or brief time or manner; soon; quickly. Chaucer. I shall grow jealous of you shortly. Shak. The armies came shortly in view of each other. Clarendon.

 

2. In few words; briefly; abruptly; curtly; as, to express ideas more shortly in verse than in prose.

 

SHORTNESS

SHORTNESS Short "ness, n.

 

Defn: The quality or state of being short; want of reach or extension; brevity; deficiency; as, the shortness of a journey; the shortness of the days in winter; the shortness of an essay; the shortness of the memory; a shortness of provisions; shortness of breath.

 

SHORTSIGHTED

SHORTSIGHTED Short "sight `ed, a.

 

1. Not able to see far; nearsighted; myopic. See Myopic, and Myopia.

 

2. Fig. : Not able to look far into futurity; unable to understand things deep; of limited intellect.

 

3. Having little regard for the future; heedless. -- Short "sight `ed *ly, adv. -- Short "sight `ed *ness, n. Cunning is a kind of shortsightedness. Addison.

 

SHORT-SPOKEN

SHORT-SPOKEN Short "-spo `ken, a.

 

Defn: Speaking in a quick or short manner; hence, gruff; curt. [Colloq. ]

 

SHORTSTOP

SHORTSTOP Short "stop `, n. (Baseball )

 

Defn: The player stationed in the field bewtween the second and third bases.

 

SHORT-WAISTED

SHORT-WAISTED Short "-waist `ed, a.

 

Defn: Having a short waist.

 

SHORT-WINDED

SHORT-WINDED Short "-wind `ed, a.

 

Defn: Affected with shortness of breath; having a quick, difficult respiration, as dyspnoic and asthmatic persons. May.

 

SHORTWING

SHORTWING Short "wing `, n. (Zoöl.)

 

Defn: Any one of several species of small wrenlike Asiatic birds having short wings and a short tail. They belong to Brachypterix, Callene, and allied genera.

 

SHORT-WITED

SHORT-WITED Short "-wit `ed, a.

 

Defn: Having little wit; not wise; having scanty intellect or judgment.

 

New American Oxford Dictionary

short

short |SHôrt ʃɔrt | ▶adjective 1 measuring a small distance from end to end: short, dark hair | a short flight of steps | the bed was too short for him. • (of a journey ) covering a small distance: the hotel is a short walk from the sea. • (of a garment or sleeves on a garment ) only covering the top part of a person's arms or legs: a short skirt. • (of a person ) small in height: he is short and tubby. • (of a ball in cricket, a shot in tennis, etc. ) traveling only a small distance before bouncing: he uses his opportunities to attack every short ball. • short for shortstop. 2 lasting or taking a small amount of time: visiting London for a short break | a short conversation. • [ attrib. ] seeming to last less time than is the case; passing quickly: in 10 short years all this changed. • (of a person's memory ) retaining things for only a small amount of time: he has a short memory for past misdeeds. • Stock Market (of stocks or other securities or commodities ) sold in advance of being acquired, with reliance on the price falling so that a profit can be made. • Stock Market (of a broker, position in the market, etc. ) buying or based on such stocks or other securities or commodities. • denoting or having a relatively early date for the maturing of a bill of exchange. 3 relatively small in extent: a short speech | he wrote a short book. • [ predic. ] (short of /on ) not having enough of (something ); lacking or deficient in: they were short of provisions | I know you're short on cash. • [ predic. ] in insufficient supply: food is short. • [ predic. ] (of a person ) terse; uncivil: he was often sharp and rather short with her. 4 Phonetics (of a vowel ) categorized as short with regard to quality and length (e.g., in standard British English the vowel in good is short as distinct from the long vowel in food ). • Prosody (of a vowel or syllable ) having the lesser of the two recognized durations. 5 (of odds or a chance ) reflecting or representing a high level of probability: they have been backed at short odds to win thousands. 6 (of pastry ) containing a high proportion of fat to flour and therefore crumbly. • (of clay ) having poor plasticity. ▶adverb (chiefly in sports ) at, to, or over a relatively small distance: you go deep and you go short. • not as far as the point aimed at; not far enough: all too often you pitch the ball short. ▶noun 1 Brit. a drink of spirits served in a small measure. 2 a short film as opposed to a feature film. • a short sound such as a short signal in Morse code or a short vowel or syllable: her call was two longs and a short. • a short circuit. 3 Stock Market a person who sells short. • (shorts ) Stock Market short-dated stocks. 4 (shorts ) a mixture of bran and coarse flour. ▶verb 1 short-circuit or cause to short-circuit: [ no obj. ] : the electrical circuit had shorted out | [ with obj. ] : if the contact terminals are shorted, the battery quickly overheats. [early 20th cent.: abbreviation. ] 2 • [ with obj. ] Stock Exchange sell (stocks or other securities or commodities ) in advance of acquiring them, with the aim of making a profit when the price falls. PHRASES be caught (Stock Market taken ) short be put at a disadvantage: the troubled company has been caught short by price competition in a recession-stricken market. • Brit. informal urgently need to urinate or defecate. two bricks short of a load (, an oar short of a pair, etc. ) informal (of a person ) stupid; crazy: she's two bricks short of a load. bring (or pull ) someone up short make someone check or pause abruptly: he was entering the office when he was brought up short by the sight of John. come short fail to reach a goal or standard: we're so close to getting the job done, but we keep coming up short. • S. African get into trouble: if you try to trick him you'll come short. for short as an abbreviation or nickname: the File Transfer Protocol, or ftp for short. get (or have ) someone by the short hairs (Stock Market short and curlies ) informal have complete control of a person. [from military slang, referring to pubic hair. ]go short not have enough of something, esp. food: you won't go short when I die. in short to sum up; briefly: different plants, different animals, different weather —in short, a whole different ecosystem. in short order immediately; rapidly: after the killing the camp had been shut down in short order. in the short run in the near future. in the short term in the near future. little (or nothing ) short of almost (or equal to ); little (or nothing ) less than: he regarded the cost of living as little short of scandalous. make short work of accomplish, consume, or destroy quickly: we made short work of our huge portions. sell short Stock Exchange sell stock or other securities or commodities that one does not own at the time, in the hope of buying at a lower price before the delivery time. short and sweet brief and pleasant: his comments were short and sweet. the short end of the stick an outcome in which one has less advantage than others. short for an abbreviation or nickname for: I'm Robbie —short for Roberta. short of less than: he died at sixty-one, four years short of his pensionable age. • not reaching as far as: a rocket failure left a satellite tumbling in an orbit far short of its proper position. • without going so far as (some extreme action ): short of putting out an all-persons alert, there's little else we can do. short of breath panting; short-winded. short, sharp shock see shock 1. stop short (or stop someone short ) stop (or cause to stop ) suddenly or abruptly. she began to speak, but stopped short at the look on the other woman's face. I was about to reply with a sarcastic remark when a thought stopped me short. stop short of not go as far as (some extreme action ): the measures stopped short of establishing direct trade links. DERIVATIVES short ish adjective, short ness noun ORIGIN Old English sceort, of Germanic origin; related to shirt and skirt .

 

short-acting

short-act ing ▶adjective (chiefly of a drug ) having effects that only last for a short time.

 

shortage

short age |ˈSHôrtij ˈʃɔrdɪʤ | ▶noun a state or situation in which something needed cannot be obtained in sufficient amounts: a shortage of hard cash | food shortages.

 

short-arm

short-arm ▶adjective denoting a blow or throw executed with the arm not fully extended or with motion from the elbow only.

 

short-arse

short-arse ▶noun informal, derogatory a person of small stature.

 

short back and sides

short back and sides ▶noun Brit. a haircut in which the hair is cut short at the back and the sides.

 

shortbread

short bread |ˈSHôrtˌbred ˈʃɔrtˌbrɛd | ▶noun a crisp, rich, crumbly type of cookie made with butter, flour, and sugar. ORIGIN early 19th cent.: short from short in the sense ‘easily crumbled. ’

 

shortcake

short cake |ˈSHôrtˌkāk ˈʃɔrtˌkeɪk | ▶noun 1 a small cake made of biscuit dough and typically served with fruit and whipped cream as a dessert. 2 a dessert made from shortcake topped with fruit, typically strawberries, and whipped cream. ORIGIN late 16th cent.: see shortbread .

 

shortchange

short change |ˈSHôrtˈCHānj ˌʃɔrtˌtʃeɪnʤ | ▶verb [ with obj. ] cheat (someone ) by giving insufficient money as change: I'm sure I was shortchanged at the bar. • treat unfairly by withholding something of value: residents perennially complain about their own children's needs being shortchanged.

 

short circuit

short cir cuit |ʃɔrt ˈsərkət | ▶noun in a device, an electrical circuit of lower resistance than that of a normal circuit, typically resulting from the unintended contact of components and consequent accidental diversion of the current. ▶verb ( short-circuit ) (with reference to an electrical device ) malfunction or fail, or cause to do this, as a result of a short circuit across it: [ no obj. ] : the birds caused the electricity supply to short-circuit | [ with obj. ] : water had leaked into the washing machine's motor, short-circuiting it. • [ with obj. ] shorten (a process or activity ) by using a more direct (but often improper ) method: the normal processes of a democracy should not be short-circuited.

 

shortcoming

short com ing |ˈSHôrtˌkəmiNG ˈʃɔrtˈˌkəmɪŋ | ▶noun (usu. shortcomings ) a fault or failure to meet a certain standard, typically in a person's character, a plan, or a system: he is so forthright about his shortcomings, it's hard to chastise him.

 

short commons

short com mons ▶plural noun see commons.

 

short corner

short cor ¦ner ▶noun (in field hockey ) a penalty hit taken from a spot on the goal line relatively close to the goalposts (but not within ten yards ).

 

short covering

short cov er ing ▶noun the buying in of stocks or other securities or commodities that have been sold short, typically to avoid loss when prices move upward.

 

shortcrust

shortcrust |ˈʃɔːtkrʌst |(also shortcrust pastry ) ▶noun [ mass noun ] Brit. crumbly pastry made with flour, fat, and a little water, typically used for pies, flans, and tarts.

 

shortcut

short cut |ˈSHôrtˌkət ˈʃɔrtˌkət | ▶noun an shorter alternative route. • an accelerated way of doing or achieving something: the promise of a shortcut to optimum health and fitness is a tantalizing one. • Computing a record of the address of a file, website, or other data made to enable quick access.

 

short-dated

short-dat ed ▶adjective (of a stock or bond ) due for early payment or redemption.

 

short-day

short-day ▶adjective [ attrib. ] (of a plant ) needing a daily period of darkness of more than a certain length to initiate flowering, which therefore happens naturally as the days shorten in the autumn.

 

short division

short di vi sion ▶noun arithmetical division in which the quotient is written directly without a succession of intermediate calculations.

 

short-eared owl

short-eared owl ▶noun a migratory day-flying owl that frequents open country, found in northern Eurasia and North and South America. [Asio flammeus, family Strigidae. ]

 

shorten

short en |ˈSHôrtn ˈʃɔrtn | ▶verb make or become shorter: [ with obj. ] : he shortened his stride | [ no obj. ] : around mid-September, days shorten and temperatures dip. • [ with obj. ] Sailing reduce the amount of (sail ) exposed to the wind. • (with reference to gambling odds ) make or become shorter; decrease: [ no obj. ] : the odds had shortened to 14 -1. • [ with obj. ] Prosody & Phonetics make (a vowel or syllable ) short.

 

short end

short end ▶noun (the short end ) the part of a stock market which deals in short-term stocks or other securities or commodities.

 

shortening

short en ing |ˈSHôrtniNG, ˈSHôrtn -iNG ˈʃɔrtnɪŋ | ▶noun butter or other fat used for making pastry or bread.

 

shortfall

short fall |ˈSHôrtˌfôl ˈʃɔrtˌfɔl | ▶noun a deficit of something required or expected: they are facing an expected $10 billion shortfall in revenue.

 

short field

short field ▶noun Baseball the part of the outfield nearest the infield: he hit the next hard into short field.

 

short-fused

short-fused |ʃɔrt fjuzd | ▶adjective informal likely to lose one's temper.

 

short game

short game ▶noun the part of golf concerned with approach shots and putting: two tips to improve your short game.

 

shorthair

short hair |ˈSHôrtˌhe (ə )r ˈʃɔrtˌhɛ (ə )r | ▶noun a cat of a short-haired breed.

 

shorthand

short hand |ˈSHôrtˌhand ˈʃɔrtˌhænd | ▶noun a method of rapid writing by means of abbreviations and symbols, used esp. for taking dictation. The major systems of shorthand are those devised in 1837 by Sir Isaac Pitman and in 1888 by John R. Gregg (1867 –1948 ). • [ in sing. ] a short and simple way of expressing or referring to something: poetry for him is simply a shorthand for literature that has aesthetic value.

 

short-handed

short-hand ed |ʃɔrt hændəd | ▶adjective 1 not having enough or the usual number of staff or crew: the kitchen was a bit short-handed | [ as adv. ] : because two cashiers were out with the flu, we worked short-handed. 2 Ice Hockey (of a goal ) scored by a team playing with fewer players on the ice than their opponent. • (of a situation ) occurring while or because a team has fewer than six players on the ice.

 

shorthand typist

short |hand typ ¦ist ▶noun Brit. a typist qualified to take and transcribe shorthand.

 

short haul

short haul ▶noun a relatively short distance in terms of travel or the transport of goods: it is only a short haul over the mountains to Los Angeles | [ as modifier ] : short-haul routes.

 

short head

short head Horse Racing, Brit. ▶noun a length less than that of a horse's head (used in referring to the distance by which a horse wins or loses ): he lost by a short head . ▶verb ( short-head ) [ with obj. ] narrowly beat.

 

shorthold

short |hold |ˈʃɔːthəʊld | ▶adjective English Law relating to or denoting a tenancy whereby the tenant agrees to rent a property for a stated term, at the end of which the landlord may recover it.

 

short hop

short hop ▶noun Baseball a batted or thrown ball that hits the ground and is caught low just as it makes a bounce: he got that one on the short hop . ▶verb [ with obj. ] (short-hop ) (of a fielder ) catch a ball just as it bounces from the ground: Boggs short-hopped it and threw to first.

 

shorthorn

short horn |ˈSHôrtˌhôrn ˈʃɔrtˌhɔrn | ▶noun an animal of a breed of cattle with short horns.

 

short hundredweight

short hun dred weight ▶noun see hundredweight.

 

shortie

short ie |ˈSHôrtē ˈʃɔrdi | ▶noun variant spelling of shorty.

 

short list

short list (also shortlist ) ▶noun a list of selected candidates from which a final choice is made: a short list of four companies. ▶verb [ with obj. ] ( short-list ) put (someone or something ) on a short list: the novel was short-listed for the Booker Prize.

 

short-lived

short-lived |ˈlivd, ˈlīvd ˈˌʃɔrt ˈlɪvd | ▶adjective lasting only a short time: a short-lived romance | these benefits are likely to be short-lived.

 

shortly

short ly |ˈSHôrtlē ˈʃɔrtli | ▶adverb 1 in a short time; soon: the new database will shortly be available for consultation | the flight was hijacked shortly after takeoff. 2 in a few words; briefly: they received a letter shortly outlining the proposals. • abruptly, sharply, or curtly: “Do you like football? ” “I do not, ” she said shortly. ORIGIN Old English scortlīce (see short, -ly 2 ).

 

short measure

short meas |ure ▶noun an amount, especially of alcohol, less than that which is declared or paid for.

 

short metre

short metre ▶noun a metrical pattern for hymns in which the stanzas have four lines with 6, 6, 8, and 6 syllables.

 

short order

short or der ▶noun an order or dish of food that can be quickly prepared and served: a short order of souvlaki | [ as modifier ] : I'm a short-order cook. PHRASES in short order see short.

 

Short Parliament

Short Parliament the first of two parliaments summoned by Charles I in 1640 (the other being the Long Parliament ). Due to its insistence on seeking a general redress of grievances against him before granting the money he required, Charles dismissed it after only three weeks.

 

short-pitched

short-pitched ▶adjective Cricket (of a delivery ) bowled so that the ball bounces relatively near the bowler: fast, short-pitched bowling.

 

short-range

short-range |ˈʃɔrt ˈˌreɪnʤ | ▶adjective [ attrib. ] 1 (esp. of a vehicle or missile ) only able to be used or be effective over short distances: short-range nuclear weapons. 2 of or over a short period of future time: short-range forecasting.

 

short ribs

short ribs ▶noun a narrow cut of beef containing the ends of the ribs near the breastbone.

 

short-run

short-run ▶adjective taken or considered over a short time period; short-term: the short-run impact appears to be positive. • Printing produced in or relating to a print run of relatively few copies.

 

shorts

shorts |SHôrts ʃɔrts | ▶plural noun short pants that reach only to the thighs or knees: cycling shorts. • men's underpants.

 

short score

short score ▶noun Music a score in which the parts are condensed onto a small number of staves.

 

short-sheet

short-sheet ▶verb [ with obj. ] fold and arrange the sheet on (a bed ) in such a way that anyone getting into the bed will be unable to stretch their legs out beyond the middle of the bed, as a practical joke.

 

short shrift

short shrift ▶noun rapid and unsympathetic dismissal; curt treatment: the judge gave short shrift to an argument based on the right to free speech. • archaic little time between condemnation and execution or punishment.

 

short sight

short sight ▶noun [ mass noun ] the inability to see things clearly unless they are relatively close to the eyes, owing to the focusing of rays of light by the eye at a point in front of the retina. Also called myopia.

 

shortsighted

short sight ed |ˈSHôrtˈsītid ˈˌʃɔrtˈsaɪdɪd | ▶adjective British term for nearsighted. • lacking imagination or foresight: expedient, shortsighted solutions to problems. DERIVATIVES short sight ed ly adverb, short sight ed ness noun

 

short-sleeved

short-sleeved ▶adjective having sleeves that do not reach below the elbow: a short-sleeved silk top.

 

short-staffed

short-staffed ▶adjective having too few or fewer than the usual number of staff: we're rather short-staffed what with Christmas and everything.

 

short-stay

short-stay |ʃɔrt steɪ | ▶adjective [ attrib. ] denoting a place in which someone or something stays or remains for only a short period: short-stay accommodations. • denoting a person staying somewhere for only a short period of time: short-stay patients.

 

shortstop

short stop |ˈSHôrtˌstäp ˈʃɔrtˌstɑp | ▶noun Baseball a fielder positioned in the infield between second and third base, or the position itself.

 

short story

short sto ry |ʃɔrt ˈstɔri | ▶noun a story with a fully developed theme but significantly shorter and less elaborate than a novel.

 

short subject

short sub ject ▶noun a short movie, typically one shown before the screening of a feature film.

 

short suit

short suit ▶noun (in bridge or whist ) a holding of only one or two cards of one suit in a hand.

 

short-tailed weasel

short-tailed wea sel ▶noun another term for stoat.

 

short temper

short tem per |ʃɔrt ˈtɛmpər | ▶noun a tendency to lose one's temper quickly.

 

short-tempered

short-tem pered ▶adjective quick to lose one's temper.

 

short tennis

short ten nis ▶noun tennis played on a small court with a small racket and a soft ball, used esp. as an introduction to the game for children.

 

short-term

short-term |ˈʃɔrt ˈˌtərm | ▶adjective occurring in or relating to a relatively short period of time: it might be a wise short-term investment.

 

short-termism

short-term ism |ˈtərmizəm ˌʃɔr (t ) ˈtərmɪzəm | ▶noun concentration on short-term projects or objectives for immediate profit at the expense of long-term security.

 

short time

short time ▶noun [ mass noun ] Brit. the condition of working fewer than the regular hours per day or days per week: staff have agreed to work on short time.

 

short-timer

short-tim er ▶noun military slang a person nearing the end of their period of military service.

 

short title

short ti tle ▶noun an abbreviated form of a title of a book or document.

 

short ton

short ton ▶noun see ton 1.

 

short trousers

short trou |sers ▶plural noun trousers reaching only to the knee, as worn typically by young boys.

 

short view

short view ▶noun (the short view ) consideration of the present and immediate future only: you will say I was taking the short view.

 

short waist

short waist ▶noun 1 a short upper body, with a high waist. 2 archaic a woman's dress with a high waist.

 

shortwave

short wave |ˈSHôrtˈwāv ˈʃɔrtˈˌweɪv | ▶noun a radio wave of a wavelength between about 10 and 100 m (and a frequency of about 3 to 30 MHz ): [ as modifier ] : a shortwave transmitter. • broadcasting using radio waves of this wavelength: [ as modifier ] : shortwave radio.

 

short weight

short weight ▶noun weight that is less than that declared: unscrupulous retailers give short weight by including an excessive amount of packaging.

 

short-winded

short-wind ed |ˈwindid ˈˌʃɔrt ˈˌwɪndɪd | ▶adjective (of a person ) out of breath or quickly becoming so.

 

shorty

short y |ˈSHôrtē ˈʃɔrdi |(also shortie ) ▶noun ( pl. shorties ) informal a person who is shorter than average (often used as a nickname ). • [ often as modifier ] a short garment, esp. a short dress or nightgown: she pulled on a shorty nightshirt.

 

Oxford Dictionary

short

short |ʃɔːt | ▶adjective 1 measuring a small distance from end to end: short dark hair | a short flight of steps | the bed was too short for him. • (of a journey ) covering a small distance: the hotel is a short walk from the sea. • (of a garment or sleeves on a garment ) only covering the top part of a person's arms or legs: a short skirt. • (of a person ) small in height: he is short and tubby. • (of a ball in cricket, a shot in tennis, etc. ) travelling only a small distance before bouncing: he uses his opportunities to attack every short ball. • Cricket denoting fielding positions relatively close to the batsman: short midwicket. 2 lasting or taking a small amount of time: visiting London for a short break | a short conversation. • [ attrib. ] seeming to last less time than is the case; passing quickly: in 10 short years all this changed. • (of a person's memory ) retaining things for only a small amount of time: he has a short memory for past misdeeds. • Stock Exchange (of stocks or other securities or commodities ) sold in advance of being acquired, with reliance on the price falling so that a profit can be made. • Stock Exchange (of a broker, position in the market, etc. ) buying or based on short stocks or other securities or commodities. • denoting or having a relatively early date for the maturing of a bill of exchange. 3 relatively small in extent: a short speech | he wrote a short book. • (short of /on ) not having enough of (something ); lacking or deficient in: they were very short of provisions | I know you're short on cash. • [ predic. ] in insufficient supply: food is short. 4 Phonetics (of a vowel ) categorized as short with regard to quality and length (e.g. in standard British English the vowel |ʊ | in good is short as distinct from the long vowel |uː | in food ). • Prosody (of a vowel or syllable ) having the lesser of the two recognized durations. 5 [ predic. ] (of a person ) terse; uncivil: he was often sharp and rather short with her. 6 (of odds or a chance ) reflecting or representing a high level of probability: they have been backed at short odds to win thousands of pounds. 7 (of pastry ) containing a high proportion of fat to flour and therefore crumbly. • (of clay ) having poor plasticity. ▶adverb (chiefly in sport ) at, to, or over a relatively small distance: you go deep and you go short. • not as far as the point aimed at; not far enough: all too often you pitch the ball short. ▶noun 1 Brit. a drink of spirits served in a small measure. 2 a short film as opposed to a feature film. 3 a short sound such as a short signal in Morse code or a short vowel or syllable: her call was two longs and a short. 4 a short circuit. 5 Stock Exchange a person who sells short. • (shorts ) Stock Exchange short-dated stocks. 6 (shorts ) a mixture of bran and coarse flour. ▶verb 1 short-circuit or cause to short-circuit: [ no obj. ] : the electrical circuit had shorted out | [ with obj. ] : if the contact terminals are shorted, the battery quickly overheats. 2 • [ with obj. ] Stock Exchange sell (stocks or other securities or commodities ) in advance of acquiring them, with the aim of making a profit when the price falls. PHRASES be caught (or Brit. taken ) short be put at a disadvantage: he encouraged young people to build up a range of skills so they are not caught short when employment ends suddenly. • Brit. informal urgently need to urinate or defecate. a brick short of a load (or two sandwiches short of a picnic, etc. ) informal (of a person ) stupid or slightly mad: she's two bricks short of a load. bring (or pull ) someone up short make someone check or pause abruptly: he was entering the office when he was brought up short by the sight of John. come short fail to reach a goal or standard: we're so close to getting the job done, but we keep coming up short. • S. African get into trouble: if you try to trick him you'll come short. for short as an abbreviation or nickname: the File Transfer Protocol, or FTP for short. get (or have ) someone by the short and curlies (or short hairs ) informal have complete control of a person. [from military slang, referring to pubic hair. ]go short not have enough of something, especially food: you won't go short when I die. in short to sum up; briefly: we hope, in short, to bring theory and practice together in each session. in short order chiefly N. Amer. immediately; rapidly: after the killing the camp had been shut down in short order. in the short run (or term ) in the near future. little (or nothing ) short of almost (or equal to ); little (or nothing ) less than: he regarded the cost of living as little short of scandalous. make short work of accomplish, consume, or destroy quickly: we made short work of our huge portions. sell short Stock Exchange sell stock or other securities or commodities which one does not own at the time, in the hope of buying at a lower price before the delivery time. sell someone /thing short fail to recognize or state the true value of: don't sell yourself short —you've got what it takes. short and sweet brief but pleasant or relevant: his comments were short and sweet. the short end of the stick N. Amer. an outcome in which one has less advantage than others. short for an abbreviation or nickname for: I'm Robbie —short for Roberta. short of less than: he died at sixty-one, four years short of his pensionable age. • not reaching as far as. • without going so far as (some extreme action ): short of putting out an all-persons alert, there's little else we can do. short of breath panting; short-winded. short, sharp shock see shock 1. stop short (or stop someone short ) stop (or cause to stop ) suddenly or abruptly. she began to speak, but stopped short at the look on the other woman's face. I was about to reply with a sarcastic remark when a thought stopped me short. stop short of not go as far as (some extreme action ): the measures stopped short of establishing direct trade links. DERIVATIVES shortish adjective, shortness noun ORIGIN Old English sceort, of Germanic origin; related to shirt and skirt .

 

short-acting

short-acting ▶adjective (chiefly of a drug ) having effects that only last for a short time.

 

shortage

short |age |ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ | ▶noun a state or situation in which something needed cannot be obtained in sufficient amounts: a shortage of hard cash | food shortages | [ mass noun ] : the problems of land shortage in the countryside.

 

short-arm

short-arm ▶adjective denoting a blow or throw executed with the arm not fully extended or with motion from the elbow only.

 

short-arse

short-arse ▶noun informal, derogatory a person of small stature.

 

short back and sides

short back and sides ▶noun Brit. a haircut in which the hair is cut short at the back and the sides.

 

shortbread

short |bread |ˈʃɔːtbrɛd | ▶noun [ mass noun ] a crisp, rich, crumbly type of biscuit made with butter, flour, and sugar.

 

shortcake

short |cake |ˈʃɔːtkeɪk | ▶noun [ mass noun ] 1 Brit. shortbread. 2 N. Amer. a rich dessert made from short pastry and topped with fruit and whipped cream.

 

short-change

short-change ▶verb [ with obj. ] cheat (someone ) by giving insufficient money as change: I'm sure I was short-changed at the bar. • treat unfairly by withholding something of value: (as adj. short-changed ) : I felt short-changed when United left five of their stars at home. ▶noun ( short change ) [ mass noun ] insufficient money given as change.

 

short circuit

short cir |cuit ▶noun an electrical circuit in a device of lower resistance than that of a normal circuit, especially one resulting from the unintended contact of components and consequent accidental diversion of the current. ▶verb ( short-circuit ) (with reference to an electrical device ) malfunction or fail, or cause to do this, as a result of a short circuit: [ no obj. ] : the birds caused the electricity supply to short-circuit | [ with obj. ] : water had leaked into the washing machine's motor, short-circuiting it. • [ with obj. ] shorten (a process or activity ) by using a more direct (but often improper ) method: the normal processes of a democracy should not be short-circuited.

 

shortcoming

short |com ¦ing |ˈʃɔːtkʌmɪŋ | ▶noun (usu. shortcomings ) a fault or failure to meet a certain standard, typically in a person's character, a plan, or a system: he discussed the shortcomings of his wife.

 

short commons

short com |mons ▶plural noun see commons.

 

short corner

short cor ¦ner ▶noun (in field hockey ) a penalty hit taken from a spot on the goal line relatively close to the goalposts (but not within ten yards ).

 

short covering

short cover |ing ▶noun [ mass noun ] Stock Exchange the buying in of stocks or other securities or commodities that have been sold short, typically to avoid loss when prices move upwards.

 

shortcrust

shortcrust |ˈʃɔːtkrʌst |(also shortcrust pastry ) ▶noun [ mass noun ] Brit. crumbly pastry made with flour, fat, and a little water, typically used for pies, flans, and tarts.

 

shortcut

short cut ▶noun an alternative route that is shorter than the one usually taken: they were taking a shortcut to town. • an accelerated way of doing or achieving something: teaching no longer offered a shortcut to secure employment. • Computing a record of the address of a file, website, or other data made to enable quick access.

 

short-dated

short-dated ▶adjective (of a stock or bond ) due for early payment or redemption.

 

short-day

short-day ▶adjective denoting a plant that needs a daily period of darkness of more than a certain length to initiate flowering, which therefore happens naturally as the days shorten in the autumn.

 

short division

short div |ision ▶noun [ mass noun ] arithmetical division in which the quotient is written directly without a succession of intermediate workings.

 

short-eared owl

short-eared owl ▶noun a migratory day-flying owl that frequents open country, found in northern Eurasia and North and South America. ●Asio flammeus, family Strigidae.

 

shorten

short ¦en |ˈʃɔːt (ə )n | ▶verb 1 make or become shorter: [ with obj. ] : he shortened his stride | patients whose waiting time had been shortened | [ no obj. ] : as skirts shortened, so heels rose | around mid September, days shorten and temperatures dip. • (with reference to gambling odds ) make or become shorter; decrease: [ with obj. ] : Ladbrokes shortened Nashwan's odds from 2 –1 to 7 –4 | [ no obj. ] : the odds had shortened to 14 –1. • [ with obj. ] Prosody & Phonetics make (a vowel or syllable ) short. 2 [ with obj. ] Sailing reduce the amount of (sail spread ).

 

short end

short end ▶noun (the short end ) the part of a stock market which deals in short-term stocks or other securities or commodities.

 

shortening

short ¦en |ing |ˈʃɔːt (ə )nɪŋ | ▶noun [ mass noun ] fat used for making pastry.

 

shortfall

short |fall |ˈʃɔːtfɔːl | ▶noun a deficit of something required or expected: they are facing an expected $10 billion shortfall in revenue.

 

short field

short field ▶noun Baseball the part of the outfield nearest the infield: he hit the next hard into short field.

 

short-fused

short-fused ▶adjective informal quick-tempered.

 

short game

short game ▶noun the part of golf concerned with approach shots and putting: two tips to improve your short game.

 

shorthair

short |hair |ˈʃɔːthɛː | ▶noun a cat of a short-haired breed.

 

shorthand

short |hand |ˈʃɔːthand | ▶noun [ mass noun ] a method of rapid writing by means of abbreviations and symbols, used especially for taking dictation. The major systems of shorthand currently in use are those devised in 1837 by Sir Isaac Pitman and (in the US ) in 1888 by John R. Gregg (1867 –1948 ). • [ in sing. ] a short and simple way of expressing or referring to something: poetry for him is simply a shorthand for literature that has aesthetic value.

 

short-handed

short-handed ▶adjective not having enough or the usual number of staff or crew: the kitchen was a bit short-handed | [ as adv. ] : the management worked short-handed. • Ice Hockey (of a goal ) scored by a team playing with fewer players on the ice than their opponent. • Ice Hockey (of a situation ) occurring while or because a team has fewer than six players on the ice.

 

shorthand typist

short |hand typ ¦ist ▶noun Brit. a typist qualified to take and transcribe shorthand.

 

short haul

short haul ▶noun a relatively short distance in terms of travel or the transport of goods: it is only a short haul over the mountains to Los Angeles | [ as modifier ] : short-haul routes.

 

short head

short head Horse Racing, Brit. ▶noun a length less than that of a horse's head (used in referring to the distance by which a horse wins or loses ): he lost by a short head . ▶verb ( short-head ) [ with obj. ] narrowly beat.

 

shorthold

short |hold |ˈʃɔːthəʊld | ▶adjective English Law relating to or denoting a tenancy whereby the tenant agrees to rent a property for a stated term, at the end of which the landlord may recover it.

 

short hop

short hop ▶noun Baseball a batted or thrown ball that hits the ground and is caught low just as it makes a bounce: he got that one on the short hop . ▶verb [ with obj. ] (short-hop ) (of a fielder ) catch a ball just as it bounces from the ground: Boggs short-hopped it and threw to first.

 

shorthorn

short |horn |ˈʃɔːthɔːn | ▶noun an animal of a breed of cattle with short horns.

 

short hundredweight

short hun ¦dred |weight ▶noun see hundredweight.

 

shortie

shortie ▶noun variant spelling of shorty.

 

short leet

short leet ▶noun & verb Scottish term for shortlist.

 

shortlist

short |list |ˈʃɔːtlɪst | ▶noun a list of selected candidates from which a final choice is made: a shortlist of four companies. ▶verb [ with obj. ] put (someone or something ) on a shortlist: the novel was shortlisted for the Booker Prize.

 

short-lived

short-lived ▶adjective lasting only a short time: a short-lived romance | these benefits are likely to be short-lived.

 

shortly

short ¦ly |ˈʃɔːtli | ▶adverb 1 in a short time; soon: the new database will shortly be available for consultation | the flight was hijacked shortly after takeoff. 2 in a few words; briefly: they received a letter shortly outlining the proposals. • abruptly, sharply, or curtly: ‘Do you like cricket? ’ ‘I do not, ’ she said shortly. ORIGIN Old English scortlīce (see short, -ly 2 ).

 

short mark

short mark ▶noun informal term for breve ( sense 2 ).

 

short measure

short meas |ure ▶noun an amount, especially of alcohol, less than that which is declared or paid for.

 

short metre

short metre ▶noun a metrical pattern for hymns in which the stanzas have four lines with 6, 6, 8, and 6 syllables.

 

short order

short order ▶noun N. Amer. an order or dish of food which can be quickly prepared and served: a short order of souvlaki | [ as modifier ] : I'm a short-order cook. PHRASES in short order see short.

 

Short Parliament

Short Parliament the first of two parliaments summoned by Charles I in 1640 (the other being the Long Parliament ). Due to its insistence on seeking a general redress of grievances against him before granting the money he required, Charles dismissed it after only three weeks.

 

short-pitched

short-pitched ▶adjective Cricket (of a delivery ) bowled so that the ball bounces relatively near the bowler: fast, short-pitched bowling.

 

short-range

short-range ▶adjective 1 (especially of a vehicle or missile ) only able to be used or be effective over short distances: short-range nuclear weapons. 2 of or over a short period of future time: short-range schemes | short-range forecasting.

 

short rib

short rib ▶noun 1 Brit. another term for floating rib. 2 (short ribs ) N. Amer. a narrow cut of beef containing the ends of the ribs near to the breastbone.

 

short-run

short-run ▶adjective taken or considered on a short timescale; short-term: periods of often violent short-run price volatility.

 

shorts

shorts |ʃɔːts | ▶plural noun short trousers that reach only to the knees or thighs: cycling shorts. • N. Amer. men's underpants.

 

short score

short score ▶noun Music a score in which the parts are condensed on to a small number of staves.

 

short-sheet

short-sheet ▶verb [ with obj. ] N. Amer. informal make (a bed ) as an apple-pie bed. • give an apple-pie bed to (someone ). • cheat or treat unjustly: we retirees have been short-sheeted for a long time.

 

short shrift

short shrift ▶noun [ mass noun ] 1 rapid and unsympathetic dismissal; curt treatment: the judge gave short shrift to an argument based on the right to free speech. 2 archaic little time between condemnation and execution or punishment.

 

short sight

short sight ▶noun [ mass noun ] the inability to see things clearly unless they are relatively close to the eyes, owing to the focusing of rays of light by the eye at a point in front of the retina. Also called myopia.

 

short-sighted

short-sighted ▶adjective Brit. having short sight. • lacking imagination or foresight: a short-sighted government. DERIVATIVES short-sightedly adverb, short-sightedness noun

 

short-sleeved

short-sleeved ▶adjective having sleeves that do not reach below the elbow: a short-sleeved silk top.

 

short-staffed

short-staffed ▶adjective having too few or fewer than the usual number of staff.

 

short-stay

short-stay ▶adjective denoting or relating to people staying somewhere for only a short period: short-stay accommodation.

 

shortstop

shortstop |ˈʃɔːtstɒp | ▶noun Baseball a fielder positioned between second and third base.

 

short story

short story ▶noun a story with a fully developed theme but significantly shorter and less elaborate than a novel.

 

short subject

short sub |ject ▶noun chiefly US a short film, typically one shown before the screening of a feature film.

 

short suit

short suit ▶noun (in bridge or whist ) a holding of only one or two cards of one suit in a hand.

 

short-tailed vole

short-tailed vole ▶noun another term for field vole.

 

short temper

short tem ¦per ▶noun a tendency to lose one's temper quickly.

 

short-tempered

short-tempered |ˌʃɔːtˈtɛmpəd | ▶adjective quick to lose one's temper.

 

short tennis

short ten ¦nis ▶noun [ mass noun ] tennis played on a small court with a small racket and a soft ball, used especially as an introduction to the game for children.

 

short-term

short-term ▶adjective occurring in or relating to a relatively short period of future time: it might be a wise short-term investment.

 

short-termism

short-termism ▶noun [ mass noun ] concentration on short-term projects or objectives for immediate profit at the expense of long-term security.

 

short time

short time ▶noun [ mass noun ] Brit. the condition of working fewer than the regular hours per day or days per week: staff have agreed to work on short time.

 

short-timer

short-timer ▶noun US military slang a person nearing the end of their period of military service.

 

short title

short title ▶noun an abbreviated form of a title of a book or document.

 

short ton

short ton ▶noun see ton 1.

 

short trousers

short trou |sers ▶plural noun trousers reaching only to the knee, as worn typically by young boys.

 

short view

short view ▶noun (the short view ) consideration of the present and immediate future only: you will say I was taking the short view.

 

short waist

short waist ▶noun a high waist on a woman's dress or a person's body. DERIVATIVES short-waisted adjective

 

short wave

short wave ▶noun a radio wave of a wavelength between about 10 and 100 m (and a frequency of about 3 to 30 MHz ): [ as modifier ] : a short-wave transmitter. • [ mass noun ] broadcasting using radio waves of between 10 and 100 m wavelength: [ as modifier ] : short-wave radio.

 

short weight

short weight ▶noun [ mass noun ] weight that is less than that declared: unscrupulous retailers give short weight by including an excessive amount of packaging.

 

short-winded

short-winded ▶adjective (of a person ) out of breath or quickly becoming so.

 

shorty

shorty |ˈʃɔːti |(also shortie ) ▶noun ( pl. shorties ) informal a person who is shorter than average (often used as a nickname ). • [ often as modifier ] a short garment, especially a short dress, nightdress, or raincoat: she pulled on a shorty nightshirt.

 

American Oxford Thesaurus

short

short adjective 1 a short piece of string: small, little, tiny; informal teeny. ANTONYMS long. 2 short people: small, little, petite, tiny, diminutive, stubby, elfin, dwarfish, midget, pygmy, Lilliputian, minuscule, miniature; informal pint-sized, vertically challenged, teeny, knee-high to a grasshopper; Scottish wee. ANTONYMS tall. 3 a short report: concise, brief, succinct, compact, summary, economical, crisp, pithy, epigrammatic, laconic, thumbnail, capsule, abridged, abbreviated, condensed, synoptic, summarized, contracted, truncated; formal compendious. ANTONYMS long, verbose. 4 a short time: brief, momentary, temporary, short-lived, impermanent, cursory, fleeting, passing, fugitive, lightning, transitory, transient, ephemeral, quick. ANTONYMS long. 5 money is a bit short: scarce, in short supply, scant, meager, sparse, insufficient, deficient, inadequate, lacking, wanting, tight; rare exiguous. ANTONYMS plentiful. 6 he was rather short with her: curt, sharp, abrupt, blunt, brusque, terse, offhand, gruff, surly, testy, rude, uncivil; informal snappy, snappish. ANTONYMS patient, courteous. ▶adverb she stopped short: abruptly, suddenly, sharply, all of a sudden, all at once, unexpectedly, without warning, out of the blue. PHRASES in short in short, we want you to leave: briefly, in a word, in a nutshell, in précis, in essence, to come to the point; in conclusion, in summary, to sum up. short of 1 we are short of nurses: deficient in, lacking, wanting, in need of, low on, short on, missing; informal strapped for, pushed for, minus. 2 short of searching everyone, there is nothing we can do: apart from, other than, aside from, besides, except (for ), excepting, without, excluding, not counting, save (for ).

 

shortage

shortage noun the islanders are accustomed to a shortage of fresh water: scarcity, sparseness, sparsity, dearth, paucity, poverty, insufficiency, deficiency, inadequacy, famine, lack, want, deficit, shortfall, rarity. ANTONYMS abundance.

 

shortcoming

shortcoming noun after forty years of marriage, he still claimed she had few shortcomings: defect, fault, flaw, imperfection, deficiency, limitation, failing, drawback, weakness, weak point, foible, frailty, vice. ANTONYMS strength.

 

shorten

shorten verb shorten your essay to a three-paragraph summary | the drapes will have to be shortened: make shorter, abbreviate, abridge, condense, précis, synopsize, contract, compress, reduce, shrink, diminish, cut (down ); dock, trim, crop, pare down, prune; curtail, truncate. ANTONYMS extend.

 

short-lived

short-lived adjective it was a short-lived romance: brief, short, momentary, temporary, impermanent, cursory, fleeting, passing, fugitive, lightning, transitory, transient, ephemeral, quick.

 

shortly

shortly adverb 1 she will be with you shortly: soon, presently, momentarily, in a little while, at any moment, in a minute, in next to no time, before long, by and by; informal anon, any time now, pretty soon, in a jiffy; dated directly. 2 “I know, ” he replied shortly: curtly, sharply, abruptly, bluntly, brusquely, tersely, gruffly, snappily, testily, rudely.

 

shortsighted

shortsighted adjective shortsighted critics: narrow-minded, unimaginative, small-minded, insular, parochial, provincial, improvident. ANTONYMS farsighted, imaginative.

 

short-staffed

short-staffed adjective we're always short-staffed around the holidays: understaffed, short-handed, undermanned, below strength.

 

short-tempered

short-tempered adjective don't get short-tempered with me, pal! irritable, irascible, hot-tempered, quick-tempered, snappish, fiery, touchy, volatile; cross, crabby, crotchety, cantankerous, grumpy, ill-tempered, bad-tempered, testy, tetchy, prickly, choleric; informal snappy, grouchy, cranky, on a short fuse, bitchy. ANTONYMS placid.

 

Oxford Thesaurus

short

short adjective 1 a short piece of string: small, little, tiny, minuscule; informal teeny, teeny-weeny. ANTONYMS long. 2 the problem for short people was to see over the crowd: small, little, petite, tiny, squat, stocky, dumpy, stubby, elfin, dwarfish, diminutive, Lilliputian; Scottish wee; informal pint-sized, teeny, teeny-weeny, pocket-sized, knee-high to a grasshopper; Brit. informal fubsy. ANTONYMS tall. 3 there is a female redwing in the short scrubby bushes: low, squat, stubby, miniature, dwarf; Scottish wee. ANTONYMS tall. 4 the ‘Times ’ published a short report of the affair: concise, brief, succinct, to the point, compact, terse, curt, summary, economical, crisp, short and sweet, pithy, epigrammatic, laconic, pointed, thumbnail, abridged, abbreviated, condensed, synoptic, compendious, summarized, contracted, curtailed, truncated. ANTONYMS long, overlong, verbose. 5 for a short time | a short look at the instruments: brief, momentary, temporary, short-lived, impermanent, short-term, cursory, fleeting, passing, fugitive, flying, lightning, transitory, transient, ephemeral, evanescent, fading, quick, meteoric; rare fugacious. 6 let's take the short route: direct, straight. ANTONYMS roundabout. 7 money is a bit short at the moment | there is only a short supply of food: scarce, in short supply, scant, scanty, meagre, sparse, hard to find, hard to come by, not enough, too little, insufficient, deficient, inadequate, lacking, wanting; at a premium, like gold dust, not to be had, scarcer than hen's teeth; paltry, negligible, thin; informal not to be had for love nor money; rare exiguous. ANTONYMS plentiful. 8 he was rather short with her: curt, sharp, abrupt, blunt, brusque, terse, offhand, gruff, ungracious, graceless, surly, snappy, testy, tart, rude, discourteous, uncivil, impolite, ill-mannered, bad-mannered. ANTONYMS patient, courteous. 9 short pastry: crumbly, crispy, crisp, brittle, friable; shortcrust; fatty. PHRASES in short in short, then, the government is being called to account for the economic disaster: briefly, to put it briefly /succinctly /concisely, in a word, in a nutshell, in a few words, in precis, in essence, to cut a long story short, to come to the point; in conclusion, summarizing, in summary, to sum up, in sum. ANTONYMS in full. short of 1 holidays or sickness may leave a ward short of nurses: deficient in, lacking (in ), wanting (in ), in need of, low on, short on, missing, with an insufficiency of, with too few /little …; informal strapped for, pushed for, minus. 2 short of interning suspects without trial, there is little the security forces can do: apart from, other than, in any other way than, aside from, besides, except (for ), excepting, without, without going so far as, excluding, leaving out, not counting, disregarding, save (for ).▶adverb Iris headed for the kitchen, then stopped short: abruptly, suddenly, sharply, all of a sudden, all at once, unexpectedly, without warning, out of the blue.

 

shortage

shortage noun the shortage of people with adequate training: scarcity, sparseness, sparsity, dearth, paucity, poverty, insufficiency, deficiency, inadequacy, famine, lack, want, meagreness, scantiness, limitedness, restrictedness, deficit, shortfall, rarity, rareness; rare exiguity. ANTONYMS abundance.

 

shortcoming

shortcoming noun he was fully aware of his own shortcomings: defect, fault, flaw, imperfection, deficiency, limitation, blemish, failing, drawback, weakness, weak point, foible, fallibility, frailty, vice, infirmity. ANTONYMS strength.

 

shorten

shorten verb 1 you can shorten your essay without losing its balance | an invention that helped shorten the war: make shorter, abbreviate, abridge, condense, precis, synopsize, contract, compress, reduce, lessen, shrink, decrease, diminish, cut, cut down, cut short, dock, trim, clip, crop, pare down, prune; curtail, truncate; turn up, take up. ANTONYMS lengthen, extend, elongate. 2 the days are shortening: get shorter, grow shorter, grow less, contract, compress, shrink. ANTONYMS lengthen. CHOOSE THE RIGHT WORD shorten, abbreviate, abridge, truncate, curtail ■ Shorten is the most general term for reducing the length of duration of something (the reforms had made progress in shortening hospital waiting lists | we are not allowed to give drugs to shorten life ). ■ The most common thing to be abbreviated is a word or phrase (Hybrid Perpetual, abbreviated to H.P.). Something that does not last as long as was planned may be described as abbreviated, especially if the shortening is forced by circumstances and is seen as excessive or undesirable (his abbreviated stay in Princeton ), and the word can also be used of clothes created shorter than usual (tight or abbreviated shorts are unacceptable ). ■ A text or other work that has been abridged has been made shorter by cutting out details while preserving the proportions or basic character of the original (the editor reserves the right to abridge letters ). ■ To truncate something is to cut off one end (a truncated pyramid ). There is usually a sense that the item is mutilated as a result (Tolkien found that the Old English being dished up was in a grossly truncated form ), or that something has been brought to an end too soon (further discussion was truncated by the arrival of tea ). ■ Something that is curtailed is typically restricted in scope, especially in freedom of action (ill health probably curtailed his activities | contemporaries sought to curtail the influence of the Court ), but the word is also used for an unplanned shortening in time (rain forced us to curtail our visit ).These notes show fine distinctions in meaning between closely related synonyms to help you find the best word.

 

short-lived

short-lived adjective this was a short-lived setback: brief, short, momentary, temporary, impermanent, short-term, cursory, fleeting, passing, fugitive, flying, lightning, transitory, transient, ephemeral, evanescent, fading, quick, meteoric; rare fugacious. ANTONYMS long-lived.

 

shortly

shortly adverb 1 she will be with you shortly: soon, directly, presently, quite soon, in a short time, in a short /little while, at any moment /minute /second, in a moment /minute /second, in less than no time (at all ), in next to no time, before long, by and by; N. Amer. momentarily; S. African just now; informal pretty soon, any time /day /minute /second /moment now, before one knows it, before one can say Jack Robinson, in a jiffy, in two shakes of a lamb's tail; Brit. informal in a mo, sharpish; archaic or informal anon; literary ere long. 2 ‘I know that, ’ he replied shortly: curtly, sharply, abruptly, bluntly, brusquely, tersely, in an offhand manner, gruffly, ungraciously, gracelessly, surlily, snappily, testily, tartly, rudely, discourteously, uncivilly, impolitely. ANTONYMS patiently, courteously.

 

short-sighted

short-sighted adjective 1 a short-sighted neighbour asked me what the flowers were: myopic; N. Amer. nearsighted; informal as blind as a bat; archaic purblind. ANTONYMS long-sighted; normal-sighted. 2 short-sighted critics will no doubt dismiss this film as trash: narrow-minded, narrow, unimaginative, lacking foresight, improvident, unadventurous, small-minded, short-term, insular, parochial, provincial. ANTONYMS far-sighted, imaginative.

 

short-staffed

short-staffed adjective we're rather short-staffed what with Christmas and everything: understaffed, short-handed, undermanned, below strength. ANTONYMS overstaffed.

 

short-tempered

short-tempered adjective she found she was short-tempered with shop assistants: irritable, irascible, hot-tempered, quick-tempered, fiery, peevish, cross, crabbed, crabby, crotchety, cantankerous, impatient, grumpy, huffy, brusque, ill-tempered, bad-tempered, ill-natured, ill-humoured, touchy, volatile, testy, tetchy, snarling, waspish, prickly, crusty, peppery, bilious, liverish, dyspeptic, splenetic, choleric; informal snappish, snappy, chippy, grouchy, cranky, on a short fuse; Brit. informal narky, ratty, eggy, like a bear with a sore head; N. Amer. informal peckish, soreheaded; Austral. /NZ informal snaky; informal, dated miffy. ANTONYMS placid, calm, easy-going, phlegmatic.

 

Duden Dictionary

Shorthornrind

Short horn rind Substantiv, Neutrum , das |ˈʃoːɐ̯t …, ˈʃɔrt …|das Shorthornrind; Genitiv: des Shorthornrinds, Plural: die Shorthornrinder englisch ; deutsch mittelschweres Rind mit kurzen Hörnern, kleinem Kopf und kurzem Hals

 

Shortlist

Short list Substantiv, feminin , die |ˈʃɔːtlɪst auch ʃɔrt …|die Shortlist; Genitiv: der Shortlist, Plural: die Shortlists englisch shortlist, aus short = kurz und list = Liste Liste einer engeren Auswahl [für einen Wettbewerb ], die durch Kürzen einer Longlist entstanden ist

 

Shorts

Shorts Pluralwort , die |ʃɔːt͜s ʃɔrt͜s |Pluraletantum englisch shorts, eigentlich = die Kurzen, zu: short = kurz kurze sportliche Hose ein Paar Shorts

 

Short Story

Short Sto ry , Short sto ry Substantiv, feminin , die Shortstory |ˈʃɔːtstɔːri ˈʃɔːt ˈstɔːri auch …stɔri ˈʃɔːtstɔːri ˈʃɔːt ˈstɔːri auch …stɔri |die Short Story; Genitiv: der Short Story, Short Storys die Shortstory; Genitiv: der Shortstory, Plural: die Shortstorys englisch short story, aus: short (Shorts ) und story, Story Kurzgeschichte

 

Shortton

Short ton Substantiv, feminin , die |ˈʃɔrtˈtan |die Shortton; Genitiv: der Shortton, Plural: die Shorttons englisch Gewichtsmaß in den USA = 907,185 kg

 

Shorttrack

Short track Substantiv, maskulin , der |ˈʃɔːttrɛk auch ˈʃɔrt …|der Shorttrack; Genitiv: des Shorttracks zu englisch track = Bahn Eisschnelllauf auf einer kurzen (nur ca. 110 m langen ) Bahn der deutsche Meister im Shorttrack

 

Shorty

Shor ty Substantiv, Neutrum oder Substantiv, maskulin , das oder der |ˈʃɔːti ˈʃɔrti |das, auch: der Shorty; Genitiv: des Shortys, Plural: die Shortys englisch shorty = kleines Ding Damenschlafanzug mit kurzer Hose

 

French Dictionary

short

short n. m. nom masculin Culotte courte de sport. : Elle est en short, elle porte un short vert. Des shorts blancs. Note Technique Ce nom emprunté à l ’anglais il y a près de cent ans est admis en français.

 

Spanish Dictionary

short

short nombre masculino Pantalón corto deportivo o de verano que llega aproximadamente hasta la mitad del muslo .Se pronuncia aproximadamente ‘short ’.El plural es shorts .Se usa también en plural para hacer referencia a una sola prenda .

 

Sanseido Wisdom Dictionary

short

short /ʃɔː r t /〖語源は 「(切り離して )短くする 」〗(名 )shortage, (動 )shorten, (副 )shortly 形容詞 ～er ; ～est 【短い 】1 (距離の点で )短い, 短距離の ; (時間の点で )短い, 短時間の ; 短く感じられる (↔long 1 )▸ for a short (period of ) time ≒for a short space (of time ) [while ]≒for short periods (of time )短期間, 短い間 ▸ walk a short distance ちょっと歩く ▸ Her blond hair is cut short .彼女のブロンドの髪は短く切られている ▸ a short pile rug 毛足の短いマット (!「毛足の長いマット 」はa thick pile rug ) ▸ on [at ] short notice いきなり言われて, 前もって相談もなく ▸ take a short break 一休みする ▸ wear a short skirt 短いスカートをはいている ▸ My house is a short walk from your office .私の家は君の会社から少し歩いたところにある ▸ a few short years ago ほんの数年前に ▸ Life is too short to worry about your mistakes .失敗を悔やむには人生は短すぎる .2 〈人が 〉(背が )低い , 短身の (↔tall )▸ The boy is short for his age .その少年は年齢のわりには背が低い ▸ He is shorter by a head than she is .彼は彼女より頭ひとつ分だけ背が低い .語法 通例背の高さを尋ねる時はHow tall …?の形を用いる (→tall 形容詞 2 ). あえてHow short …?を用いると, 背が低いことを前提としてさらにその程度を聞くことになる ▸ I know Billy is short , but how short is he? ビリーが背が低いことは知っていますが, どれくらい低いのですか .3 〈演説 説明などが 〉簡潔な , 簡略の (!briefと違って, しばしば中断したり, はしょったりすることを暗示する ) ▸ The short answer is yes [no ].(質問に対して )手短にお答えすれば, そのとおりです [違います ]▸ a short speech 簡潔な演説 ▸ be short and to the point 簡にして要を得ている ▸ to be short 簡単に言えば ▸ to make a long story short 手短に言うと .4 «…の » 短縮形の , 愛称の «for » ▸ Her name is Beth, short for Elizabeth .彼女の名前はベスという . エリザベスの愛称である .5 (配慮などが )遠くまで及ばない ; (同じ状態で )長続きしない , すぐ … する ▸ have a short temper 気が短い ▸ have a short memory (物事を )すぐ忘れる .【不足 】6 a. 〖be short of A /｟くだけて ｠on A 〗〈人が 〉A 〈物 事 〉が不足している , 十分ない , 足りない ▸ be short of money [cash ]お金 [現金 ]が足りない ▸ be short of breath 息が切れる ▸ He is short on experience and long on ambition .彼は経験不足なのに野心は大きい .b. 〖名詞 の前で 〗不十分な (insufficient )▸ Doctors are in short supply in this area .この地域では医者が不足している ▸ There's something short in his explanation .彼の説明には物足りない所がある (→something 代名詞 冒頭の 語法 )c. 〖be ～〗〈人が 〉 (時間 金などの点で )不足して , 満たされていない ; 〈時間 金などが 〉不足して , 不十分で ▸ I bought a lot of things and I am a little short this month .たくさん買い物をしたので今月は少々金が足りない ▸ He didn't solve all the problems. Time was short .彼は問題を全部解くことはできなかった . 時間不足だった .d. 〖数値の後で 〗 «…に » …だけ足りない [及ばない ] «of » ▸ His time was only 0.1 seconds short of the world record .彼の記録は世界記録にわずか0 .1秒及ばなかった .【その他 】7 【人に対して 】〈人 〉が無愛想な , そっけない «with » ; 短気な ▸ She was short with me .彼女は私に無愛想であった .8 〘音声 〙〈母音 音節が 〉短い .9 〘商 〙空売りの ; 現物不足の .n ò thing [l ì ttle ] sh ó rt of A A以外の何物でもない ; まったくAにほかならない (!Aは 形容詞 名詞 ) ▸ His victory is nothing short of astonishing [a miracle ].彼の勝利はまったく驚くべきものだ [奇跡だ ].n ò thing sh ó rt of A can [will ] do A 〈奇跡など 〉しか …できない, …するにはAに頼るしかない ▸ Nothing short of a miracle would solve this problem .奇跡でも起こらない限りこの問題の決着はつかない .sh ò rt and [but ] sw é et ｟くだけた話 ほめて ｠〖be ～〗〈会議 演説などが 〉 (予想より )手短で, 簡潔で ▸ You should try to make your speech short and sweet .あいさつは簡潔にした方がいい .sh ó rt of A 1 ↑6a .2 A 〈事 〉以外は, Aを除いて (except for ) (!Aは 名詞 動名 ) ▸ He'd do anything for money, short of murder .彼は金のためには殺人以外のどんなことでもやりかねない .3 A 〈場所 物 〉の手前で [に ]▸ His train broke down three kilometers short of Kobe Station .神戸駅の手前3キロの所で彼の乗った電車が故障した ▸ Their salary increased by just short of 5 \%.彼らの給料は5パーセント足らず上昇しただけだ 4 A 〈事 〉なしで (は ), Aがなかったら (without ) (!Aは 名詞 動名 ) .副詞 1 比較なし (驚いて 必要を感じて )急に , 出し抜けに , 突然に (suddenly )▸ stop short in the middle of a speech 演説の途中で急にやめる ▸ turn short round 急にくるりと向きを変える ▸ break short off ポキンと折れる 2 簡潔に .3 ぶっきらぼうに .be c à ught sh ó rt 1 ｟英 くだけて ｠急にトイレに行きたくなる .2 〈人が 〉 (本当に必要なときに )それがない ; (特に )金がない .3 不利な立場に立つ .be t à ken sh ó rt ｟英話 ｠＝be caught short (1 ).c ò me up sh ó rt (目標 基準などに )到達できない .c ù t A sh ó rt 1 A 〈人 〉の話をやめさせる ▸ cut oneself short 急に口をつぐむ .2 〈事 人が 〉A 〈話 事柄など 〉を途中で終わらせる, 早めに切り上げる ▸ His musical career was cut short by his illness .彼の音楽家としてのキャリアが病気のためにだめになった .f à ll [c ò me ] (f à r [w è ll ]) sh ó rt 1 «期待 基準などに /…の点では » (とうてい )達しない, 及ばない «of /in » (↔come up with )▸ His latest novel fell short of our expectations .彼の最新小説は我々が期待したほどでなかった 2 〈物 〉が不足する ▸ Food came short .食料が不足してきた .g ò sh ó rt 【物がなくて 】不自由する «of » ▸ During the war we had to go short of food .戦時中は食べ物に不自由しなければいけなかった .p ù ll [br ì ng ] ù p sh ó rt 〈人が 〉 (驚いて )急に動作 [話 ]をやめる ▸ She pulled up short at the sight of Mac .彼女はマックの姿を見て急に立ち止まった .p ù ll [br ì ng ] A ù p sh ó rt 〈考え 発言 状況などが 〉 (驚かせて )A 〈人 〉の動作 [話 ]を急にやめさせる ▸ A terrible thought brought me up short .突然恐ろしい考えが浮かんで僕は立ち止まった .r ù n sh ó rt (!しばしば進行形で ) 1 〈人が 〉 «…を » (使い果たして )切らす «of , on » ▸ be running short of food 食料が無くなりかけている .2 〈物が 〉不足する ▸ My patience is running short .我慢ももう限界だ .s è ll A [one self ] sh ó rt →sell .名詞 複 ～s /-ts /C 1 〖～s; 複数扱い 〗(運動用の )短パンツ , 半ズボン ; ｟主に米 ｠(男子用下着の )パンツ .2 ｟英 くだけて ｠強い酒の1杯 〘ウイスキーやウォッカをさす 〙.3 ｟くだけて ｠〘映 〙短編映画 (short subject ) 〘長編映画と共に上映される記録映画や紀行映画など 〙.4 ｟くだけて ｠〘電 〙ショート , 短絡 (short circuit ).for sh ó rt 略して, 短く言って ▸ The British Broadcasting Corporation is called the BBC for short .英国放送協会は略してBBCと呼ばれる in sh ó rt 〖文修飾; 通例文頭 文中で 〗要約すると, 手短に言うと (→in other word s 読解のポイント )▸ Robert is witty, soulful and brave. In short , he is a genius .ロバートは気が利いて, ソウルにあふれ, おまけに思い切りもよい . 要するに天才なのだ .動詞 他動詞 自動詞 ｟くだけて ｠〘電 〙(…を [が ])ショートさせる [する ](out ).～̀ and c ú rlies ｟英卑 ｠〖the ～〗陰毛 .～̀ b à ck and s í des ｟英 ｠〖単数扱い 〗頭の後と横を短く刈り込み頭部を長めに残す (男の )髪形 .～̀ b á ll 〖a ～〗〘クリケット 〙三柱門に届かないボール .～̀ b ó nd 〘証券 〙短期債 .～́ c ù t 1 «…への » 近道 «to » ▸ take a short cut 近道をする .2 «…の » 手っ取り早い方法 «to (do ing )» .～̀ div í sion 〘数 〙短除法 (→long division ).～́ dr ì nk 〖a ～〗ショートドリンク, 食前酒 〘カクテルなど 〙.～̀ f í lm 短編映画 (!｟コーパス ｠ ｟米 ｠｟英 ｠ともにshort movie [picture ]より普通 ) .～̀ f ú se 短気 .～̀ h é ad ｟英 ｠〘競馬 〙短頭差 〘頭差より小さい 〙.～̀ l é g [sl í p ]〘クリケット 〙ショートレッグ 〘打者の背中側のすぐ後方の野手; その守備位置 〙.～́ l ì st 【仕事 賞 チームなどの 】最終的選抜候補者名簿 «of » .～̀ l ó in (beef, veal, lambなどの )腰肉 〘sirloinの前にあり, しばしばstrip short loinの名で売られる 〙.～̀ ó dds 五分五分の賭 （か ）け率 .～̀ ó rder ｟米 ｠即席料理 .～̀ p á stry もろい練粉菓子 .～̀ p á y ｟米 ｠(陸 海軍将校の )休職給 .～̀ pl á te (beef, veal, lambなどの )下腹肉 〘ribの下にある 〙.～̀ r à nge att à ck m í ssile 短距離攻撃ミサイル (｟略 ｠SRAM ).～̀ r í bs ショートリブ 〘牛肉のわき肉 〙.～̀ shr í ft 1 軽く扱うこと ▸ get short shrift 軽くあしらわれる ▸ give short shrift to A A 〈人 〉を軽くあしらう .2 ざんげのための短い時間 〘死刑囚に対して死刑執行前に与えられる 〙.～̀ s í ght ｟主に英 ｠近視 ; 近視眼的な見方 (→short-sighted , myopia ).～̀ sl é eve 半そで (の )(╳ half sleeveとしない )(→short-sleeved , sleeveless ).～̀ sn ó rt ｟俗 ｠(酒を )ぐいと飲むこと .～̀ st ó ry 短編小説 (→novel 1 ).～̀ s ú it 〘トランプ 〙4枚そろわない手札 .～̀ t á ke-off and l à nding á ircraft 短距離離着陸飛行機 (｟略 ｠STOL ).～̀ t é rm 〖the ～〗短期間 (→short-term )▸ in the short term 短期間に ; 短期的に見れば .～̀ t í me 操業短縮 ▸ be put on short time (賃金未払いのために )短縮操業の状態に置かれる .～̀ t ó n 米トン 〘2000ポンド; →ton 〙.～̀ tr á ck (スケートの )ショートトラック .～̀ w á ve 短波 (の ).

 

shortage

short age /ʃɔ́ː r tɪdʒ / (! -ageは /ɪdʒ /) 〖short (足りない )age (状態 )〗名詞 複 ～s /-ɪz /U C 不足 , 欠乏 ▸ a serious shortage of labor [teachers ]深刻な労働力 [教員 ]不足 ▸ water [food ] shortage (s )水 [食糧 ]不足 .

 

shortbread

sh ó rt br è ad 名詞 C U ショートブレッド 〘バターがたっぷり入ったクッキー風の菓子 〙.

 

shortcake

sh ó rt c à ke 名詞 U C 1 ｟米 ｠ショートケーキ .2 ｟英 ｠＝shortbread .

 

shortchange

sh ò rt ch á nge 動詞 他動詞 ｟くだけて ｠1 …をだます ; …を不当に扱う .2 …に釣り銭を少なく渡す .

 

short-circuit

sh ò rt-c í rcuit 動詞 他動詞 1 〘電 〙…をショート [短絡 ]させる .2 〈障害 面倒など 〉を回避する ; 〈手続など 〉を簡略化する .3 …を妨害 [じゃま ]する .自動詞 〘電 〙ショート [短絡 ]する .

 

shortcoming

sh ó rt c ò ming 名詞 C 〖通例 ～s 〗不十分 (さ ), 欠点, 短所 (→fault ).

 

shortcrust (pastry)

sh ò rt crust (p á stry )/ʃɔ̀ː r tkrʌst -/名詞 U ｟英 ｠ショートクラスト 〘サクサクしているパイ タルトの類 〙.

 

shortcut

short cut short-cut /ʃɔ́ː r tkʌ̀t, -̀-́ / (! ｟英 ｠/-́-̀ /は若者に多い ) 名詞 複 ～s /-ts /C 1 «…への » 近道 «to » (!比喩的にも用いる ) ▸ take a shortcut 近道をする ▸ a shortcut to a high-technology economy ハイテク経済への近道 .2 〘コンピュ 〙ショートカット .動詞 →cut 自動詞 他動詞 (…へ )近道をする .形容詞 〈髪が 〉ショートカットの .

 

shorten

short en /ʃɔ́ː r t (ə )n /〖short (短く )en (する )〗動詞 (↔lengthen )～s /-z /; ～ed /-d /; ～ing 他動詞 1 〈時間 長さなど 〉を短くする , 縮める ; 〈名前 〉を省略形にする ▸ The disease shortens lives .その病気は命を縮める ▸ shorten a prisoner's sentence 囚人の刑期を軽減する .2 (ショートニングを入れて )〈焼き菓子など 〉をサクサクさせる , カリカリさせる .3 〘海 〙(風の当たる面を少なくするために )〈帆 〉をしぼる .4 〈力など 〉を減じる, 弱める .自動詞 1 〈時間 長さなどが 〉短くなる , 縮む ▸ The days are rapidly shortening .近ごろ急速に日足が短くなっている .2 〈賭 （か ）けの歩 （ぶ ）が 〉減少する , 減る .

 

shortening

sh ó rt en ing 名詞 1 U 〘料 〙ショートニング 〘菓子類をサクサクさせるためのバターなど 〙.2 U 短くすること, 短縮 ; C 短縮語 .

 

shortfall

sh ó rt f à ll 名詞 C 不足額 [量 ].

 

shorthand

sh ó rt h à nd 名詞 U 1 速記 (術 )(↔longhand )▸ write (in ) shorthand 速記で書く .2 簡略な表現 .～̀ t ý pist ｟英 ｠速記タイピスト (｟米 ｠stenographer ).

 

shorthanded

sh ò rt h á nd ed /-ɪd /形容詞 人手不足の .～ness 名詞

 

short-haul

sh ó rt-h à ul 形容詞 〖名詞 の前で 〗短距離輸送の .

 

shortish

short ish /ʃɔ́ː r tɪʃ /形容詞 やや短めの, 背がやや低い .

 

short-list

sh ó rt-l ì st 動詞 他動詞 ｟英 ｠〖通例be ～ed 〗〈人が 〉最終候補者名簿に載る .

 

short-lived

short-lived /ʃɔ̀ː r tláɪvd |ʃɔ̀ːtlɪ́vd /形容詞 短命の, はかない ; 一時的な .

 

shortly

short ly /ʃɔ́ː r tli /〖→short ; 原義は 3 〗副詞 more ～; most ～1 a. 間もなく , すぐに , じきに ▸ My train will be arriving shortly .私が乗る列車はじきに到着する b. 〖～ before /after 〗(…の )少し 前 [後 ]に ▸ shortly after [before ] eight 8時ちょっと過ぎに [前に ]▸ shortly afterward (s ) [thereafter ]その後間もなく .2 いらいらした様子で , 不機嫌に , そっけなく 〈言う 答える 〉▸ “That's out of the question, ” she said shortly .「そんなの問題外よ 」と彼女はいらいらしながら言った 3 手短に , 簡単に (briefly )▸ to put it shortly 手短に言うと (!speak shortlyは 「すぐに話す 」「いらいらして言う 」の意に解されるので, 誤解を避けるためにはspeak brieflyの方が適切 ) .

 

shortness

sh ó rt ness 名詞 U 1 短いこと ; 少ないこと ; 不足, 不十分 .2 簡潔, 簡略 .3 ぶっきらぼうなこと ; 無愛想 .

 

short-order cook

sh ó rt-order c ò ok 名詞 C 即席料理専門のコック .

 

short-range

sh ò rt-r á nge 形容詞 射程の短い ; 短期の (↔long-range ).

 

shorts

shorts /ʃɔː r ts /名詞 〖複数扱い 〗短パン, 半ズボン ; ｟米 ｠(男子用下着の )パンツ .

 

short-sighted

short-sight ed /ʃɔ̀ː r tsáɪtɪd /形容詞 1 近眼の, 近視の (｟米 ｠nearsighted )(↔long-sighted ).2 先見性のない, 近視眼的な .～ly 副詞 近視眼的に .～ness 名詞 U 近視, 短見 .

 

short-sleeved

sh ò rt-sl é eved 形容詞 半そでの .

 

short-staffed

sh ò rt-st á ffed /-t /形容詞 〖通例be ～〗人手不足の .

 

short-stay

sh ò rt-st á y 形容詞 〖名詞 の前で 〗短期滞在の .

 

shortstop

sh ó rt st ò p 名詞 U C 〘野球 〙遊撃手, ショート (の位置 )(→baseball ).

 

shorttempered

sh ò rt t é mpered 形容詞 怒りっぽい, 短気な .

 

short-term

short-term /ʃɔ̀ː r ttə́ː r m /形容詞 more ～; most ～(↔long-term )1 〖通例 名詞 の前で 〗短期間の ▸ short-term memory 短期記憶 2 (貸し金などの )短期の , 短期満期の 〘通例1年未満 〙▸ a short-term loan 短期貸付け .3 即効性の , すぐの .名詞 〖the ～〗短期間 .～̀ ì nterest r á te 短期金利 .～ism 名詞 U 短期的利益重視主義 .

 

shortwave

sh ó rt w à ve 名詞 U 形容詞 〘電 〙(波長が10 --100mの )短波 (の ).

 

short-winded

short-wind ed /ʃɔ̀ː r twɪ́ndɪd /形容詞 1 息切れのする .2 〈文章 話などが 〉簡潔な ; 手短すぎる .

 

shorty

short y /ʃɔ́ː r ti /名詞 C ｟けなして ｠〖時に呼びかけで 〗ちび ; ｟くだけて ｠短い服 .