The Wordsmith Dictionary

Pre *sume ", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Presumed; p. pr. & vb. n. Presuming. ]Etym: [F. présumer, L. praesumere, praesumptum; prae before + sumere to take. See Assume, Redeem. ]

1. To assume or take beforehand; esp. , to do or undertake without leave or authority previously obtained. Dare he presume to scorn us in this manner Shak. Bold deed thou hast presumed, adventurous Eve. Milton.

2. To take or suppose to be true, or entitled to belief, without examination or proof, or on the strength of probability; to take for granted; to infer; to suppose. Every man is to be presumed innocent till he is proved to be guilty. Blackstone. What rests but that the mortal sentence pass, ... Which he presumes already vain and void, Because not yet inflicted Milton.

PRESUME

PRESUME Pre *sume ", v. i.

1. To suppose or assume something to be, or to be true, on grounds deemed valid, though not amounting to proof; to believe by anticipation; to infer; as, we may presume too far.

2. To venture, go, or act, by an assumption of leave or authority not granted; to go beyond what is warranted by the circumstances of the case; to venture beyond license; to take liberties; -- often with on or upon before the ground of confidence. Do not presume too much upon my love. Shak. This man presumes upon his parts. Locke.

PRESUMEDLY

PRESUMEDLY Pre *sum "ed *ly, adv.

Defn: By presumption.

PRESUMER

PRESUMER Pre *sum "er, n.

Defn: One who presumes; also, an arrogant person. Sir H. Wotton.

PRESUMINGLY

PRESUMINGLY Pre *sum "ing *ly, adv.

Defn: Confidently; arrogantly.

PRESUMPTION

Pre *sump "tion, n. Etym: [L. praesumptio: cf. F. présomption, OF. also presumpcion. See Presume. ]

1. The act of presuming, or believing upon probable evidence; the act of assuming or taking for granted; belief upon incomplete proof.

2. Ground for presuming; evidence probable, but not conclusive; strong probability; reasonable supposition; as, the presumption is that an event has taken place.

3. That which is presumed or assumed; that which is supposed or believed to be real or true, on evidence that is probable but not conclusive. "In contradiction to these very plausible presumptions." De Quincey.

4. The act of venturing beyond due beyond due bounds; an overstepping of the bounds of reverence, respect, or courtesy; forward, overconfident, or arrogant opinion or conduct; presumptuousness; arrogance; effrontery. Thy son I killed for his presumption. Shak. I had the presumption to dedicate to you a very unfinished piece. Dryden. Conclusive presumption. See under Conclusive. -- Presumption of fact (Law ), an argument of a fact from a fact; an inference as to the existence of one fact not certainly known, from the existence of some other fact known or proved, founded on a previous experience of their connection; supposition of the truth or real existence of something, without direct or positive proof of the fact, but grounded on circumstantial or probable evidence which entitles it to belief. Burrill. Best. Wharton. -- Presumption of law (Law ), a postulate applied in advance to all cases of a particular class; e. g., the presumption of innocence and of regularity of records. Such a presumption is rebuttable or irrebuttable.

PRESUMPTIVE

Pre *sump "tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. présomptif. ]

1. Based on presumption or probability; grounded on probable evidence; probable; as, presumptive proof.

2. Presumptuous; arrogant. [R.] Sir T. Browne. Presumptive evidence (Law ), that which is derived from circumstances which necessarily or usually attend a fact, as distinct from direct evidence or positive proof; indirect or circumstantial evidence. "Presumptive evidence of felony should be cautiously admitted. " Blackstone. The distinction, however, between direct and presumptive (or circumstantial ) evidence is now generally abandoned; all evidence being now more or less direct and more or less presumptive. -- Presumptive heir. See Heir presumptive, under Heir.

PRESUMPTIVELY

PRESUMPTIVELY Pre *sump "tive *ly, adv.

Defn: By presumption, or supposition grounded or probability; presumably.

PRESUMPTUOUS

Pre *sump "tu *ous, a. Etym: [L. praesumptuosus: cf. F. présomptueux, OF. also presumptuous. See Presumption. ]

1. Full of presumption; presuming; overconfident or venturesome; audacious; rash; taking liberties unduly; arrogant; insolent; as, a presumptuous commander; presumptuous conduct. A class of presumptuous men, whom age has not made cautious, nor adversity wise. Buckminster.

2. Founded on presumption; as, a presumptuous idea. "False, presumptuous hope. " Milton.

3. Done with hold design, rash confidence, or in violation of known duty; willful. "Keep back the servant also from presumptuous sins." Ps. xix. 13.

Syn. -- Overconfident; foolhardy; rash; presuming; forward; arrogant; insolent.

PRESUMPTUOUSLY

PRESUMPTUOUSLY Pre *sump "tu *ous *ly, adv.

Defn: In a presumptuous manner; arrogantly.

PRESUMPTUOUSNESS

PRESUMPTUOUSNESS Pre *sump "tu *ous *ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being presumptuous.

PRESUPPOSAL

PRESUPPOSAL Pre `sup *pos "al, n.

Defn: Presupposition. [R.] "Presupposal of knowledge. " Hooker.

PRESUPPOSE

Pre `sup *pose ", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Presupposed; p. pr. & vb. n.Presupposing. ] Etym: [Pref. pre- + suppose: cf. F. présupposer. ]

Defn: To suppose beforehand; to imply as antecedent; to take for granted; to assume; as, creation presupposes a creator. Each [kind of knowledge ] presupposes many necessary things learned in other sciences, and known beforehand. Hooker.

PRESUPPOSITION

Pre *sup `po *si "tion, n. Etym: [Pref. pre- + supposition: cf. F.présupposition.]

1. The act of presupposing; an antecedent implication; presumption.

2. That which is presupposed; a previous supposition or surmise.

PRESURMISE

PRESURMISE Pre `sur *mise ", n.

Defn: A surmise previously formed. Shak.

PRESYSTOLIC

PRESYSTOLIC Pre `sys *tol "ic, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Preceding the systole or contraction of the heart; as, the presystolic friction sound.

New American Oxford Dictionary

Pres.

Pres. ▶abbreviation President.

presage

pres age |ˈpresij, priˈsāj priˈseɪʤ ˈprɛsɪʤ | ▶verb |prɪˈseɪʤ | [ with obj. ] (of an event ) be a sign or warning that (something, typically something bad ) will happen: the outcome of the game presaged the coming year. • archaic (of a person ) predict: lands he could measure, terms and tides presage. ▶noun a sign or warning that something, typically something bad, will happen; an omen or portent: the fever was a somber presage of his final illness. • archaic a feeling of presentiment or foreboding: he had a strong presage that he had only a very short time to live. DERIVATIVES pres ag er noun ( archaic )ORIGIN late Middle English (as a noun ): via French from Latin praesagium, from praesagire ‘forebode, ’ from prae ‘before ’ + sagire ‘perceive keenly. ’

Presb.

Presb. ▶abbreviation Presbyterian.

Presby.

Presby. ▶abbreviation Presbyterian.

presbyopia

pres by o pi a |ˌprezbēˈōpēə, ˌpres- ˌprɛzbiˈoʊpiə | ▶noun farsightedness caused by loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye, occurring typically in middle and old age. DERIVATIVES pres by op ic |-ˈäpik |adjective ORIGIN late 18th cent.: modern Latin, from Greek presbus ‘old man ’ + ōps, ōp- ‘eye. ’

presbyter

pres by ter |ˈprezbitər, ˈpres- ˈprɛzbədər | ▶noun historical an elder or minister of the Christian Church. • formal (in Presbyterian churches ) an elder. • formal (in Episcopal churches ) a minister of the second order, under the authority of a bishop; a priest. DERIVATIVES pres byt er al |prezˈbitərəl, pres- |adjective, pres byt er ate |prezˈbitəˌrāt, pres- |noun, pres by te ri al |ˌprezbiˈti (ə )rēəl, ˌpres- |adjective, pres by ter ship |-ˌSHip |noun ORIGIN late 16th cent.: via ecclesiastical Latin from Greek presbuteros ‘elder ’ (used in the New Testament to denote an elder of the early church ), comparative of presbus ‘old (man ).’

Presbyterian

Pres by te ri an |ˌprezbəˈtirēən, ˌpres- ˈˌprɛzbəˈˌtɪ (ə )riən | ▶adjective of, relating to, or denoting a Christian Church or denomination governed by elders according to the principles of Presbyterianism. ▶noun a member of a Presbyterian Church. • an advocate of the Presbyterian system. ORIGIN mid 17th cent.: from ecclesiastical Latin presbyterium (see presbytery ) + -an .

Presbyterianism

Pres by te ri an ism |ˌprezbəˈtirēəˌnizəm, ˌpres- ˌprɛzbəˈtɪəriəˌnɪzəm | ▶noun a form of Protestant Church government in which the church is administered locally by the minister with a group of elected elders of equal rank, and regionally and nationally by representative courts of ministers and elders. Presbyterianism was first introduced in Geneva in 1541 under John Calvin, in the belief that it best represented the pattern of the early church. There are now many Presbyterian Churches (often called Reformed Churches ) worldwide, notably in the Netherlands and Scotland and in countries with which they have historic links (including the US and Northern Ireland ).

presbytery

pres by ter y |ˈprezbəˌterē, ˈpres-, -bətrē ˈprɛzbəˌtɛri | ▶noun ( pl. presbyteries ) 1 [ treated as sing. or pl. ] a body of church elders and ministers, esp. (in Presbyterian churches ) an administrative body (court ) representing all the local congregations of a district. • a district represented by such a body of elders and ministers. 2 the house of a Roman Catholic parish priest. 3 chiefly Architecture the eastern part of a church chancel beyond the choir; the sanctuary. ORIGIN late Middle English ( sense 3 ): from Old French presbiterie, via ecclesiastical Latin from Greek presbuterion, from presbuteros (see presbyter ).

preschool

pre school ▶adjective |ˈprēˈsko͞ol ˈpriˈˌskul | [ attrib. ] of or relating to the time before a child is old enough to go to kindergarten or elementary school: a preschool play group. ▶noun |ˈprēˌsko͞ol ˈpriˌskul |a nursery school: she goes to preschool. DERIVATIVES pre school er noun

prescience

pre science |ˈpreSH (ē )əns, ˈprē -ˈpriʃ (i )əns ˈprɛʃ (i )əns | ▶noun the fact of knowing something before it takes place; foreknowledge: with extraordinary prescience, Jung actually predicted the Nazi eruption.

prescient

pre scient |ˈpreSH (ē )ənt, ˈprē -ˈpresiənt | ▶adjective having or showing knowledge of events before they take place: a prescient warning. DERIVATIVES pre scient ly adverb ORIGIN early 17th cent.: from Latin praescient- ‘knowing beforehand, ’ from the verb praescire, from prae ‘before ’ + scire ‘know. ’

prescientific

pre sci en tif ic |ˌprēˌsīənˈtifik ˌprisaɪənˈtɪfɪk | ▶adjective of or relating to the time before the development of modern science or the application of scientific method.

prescind

pre scind |priˈsind priˈsɪnd | ▶verb [ no obj. ] (prescind from ) formal leave out of consideration: we have prescinded from many vexing issues. • [ with obj. ] cut off or separate from something: his is an idea entirely prescinded from all of the others. ORIGIN mid 17th cent. (in the sense ‘cut off abruptly or prematurely ’): from Latin praescindere, from prae ‘before ’ + scindere ‘to cut. ’

Prescott

Pres cott |ˈpresˌkät ˈprɛskɑt | a historic city in west central Arizona; pop. 42,697 (est. 2008 ).

prescribe

pre scribe |priˈskrīb prəˈskraɪb | ▶verb [ with obj. ] (of a medical practitioner ) advise and authorize the use of (a medicine or treatment ) for someone, esp. in writing: Dr. Greene prescribed magnesium sulfate | [ with two objs. ] : the doctor prescribed her a drug called amantadine. • recommend (a substance or action ) as something beneficial: marriage is often prescribed as a universal remedy. • state authoritatively or as a rule that (an action or procedure ) should be carried out: rules prescribing five acts for a play are purely arbitrary | (as adj. prescribed ) : doing things in the prescribed manner. DERIVATIVES pre scrib er noun ORIGIN late Middle English (in the sense ‘confine within bounds, ’ also as a legal term meaning ‘claim by prescription ’): from Latin praescribere ‘direct in writing, ’ from prae ‘before ’ + scribere ‘write. ’ usage: The verbs prescribe and proscribe do not have the same meaning. Prescribe is a much more common word than proscribe and means either ‘issue a medical prescription ’ or ‘recommend with authority ’: the doctor prescribed antibiotics. Proscribe, on the other hand, is a formal word meaning ‘condemn or forbid ’: gambling was strictly proscribed by the authorities.

prescript

pre script |ˈprēˌskript, priˈskript ˈpriˌskrɪpt | ▶noun formal or dated an ordinance, law, or command. ORIGIN mid 16th cent.: from Latin praescriptum ‘something directed in writing, ’ neuter past participle of praescribere (see prescribe ).

prescription

pre scrip tion |priˈskripSHən prəˈskrɪpʃən | ▶noun 1 an instruction written by a medical practitioner that authorizes a patient to be provided a medicine or treatment: he scribbled a prescription for tranquilizers | antidepressants available only by prescription | [ as modifier ] : prescription drugs. • the action of prescribing a medicine or treatment: the unnecessary prescription of antibiotics. • a medicine or remedy that is prescribed: I've got to pick up my prescription. 2 a recommendation that is authoritatively put forward: effective prescriptions for sustaining rural communities. • the authoritative recommendation of an action or procedure: rather than prescription there would be guidance. 3 (also positive prescription ) Law the establishment of a claim founded on the basis of a long or indefinite period of uninterrupted use or of long-standing custom. ORIGIN late Middle English (as a legal term ): via Old French from Latin praescriptio (n- ), from the verb praescribere (see prescribe ). Sense 1 dates from the late 16th cent.

prescriptive

pre scrip tive |priˈskriptiv prəˈskrɪptɪv | ▶adjective 1 of or relating to the imposition or enforcement of a rule or method: these guidelines are not intended to be prescriptive. • Linguistics attempting to impose rules of correct usage on the users of a language: a prescriptive grammar book. Often contrasted with descriptive. 2 (of a right, title, or institution ) having become legally established or accepted by long usage or the passage of time: a prescriptive right of way. • archaic established by long-standing custom or usage: his regular score at the bar and his prescriptive corner at the winter's fireside. DERIVATIVES pre scrip tive ly adverb, pre scrip tive ness noun, pre scrip tiv ism |-ˈskriptəˌvizəm |noun, pre scrip tiv ist |-vist |noun & adjective ORIGIN mid 18th cent.: from late Latin praescriptivus ‘relating to a legal exception, ’ from praescript- ‘directed in writing, ’ from the verb praescribere (see prescribe ).

preseason

pre sea son |ˈprēˈsēzən ˌpriˈsizən | ▶adjective (of a sporting event ) taking place before the regular season. ▶noun [ in sing. ] the period of time before the regular season.

preselect

preselector

pre se lec tor |ˌprēsəˈlektər ˈprisəˌlɛktər | ▶noun a device for selecting a mechanical or electrical operation in advance of its execution.

presence

pres ence |ˈprezəns ˈprɛzns | ▶noun the state or fact of existing, occurring, or being present in a place or thing: her presence still comforts me | the presence of chlorine in the atmosphere | the memorial was unveiled in the presence of 24 veterans. • a person or thing that exists or is present in a place but is not seen: the monks became aware of a strange presence. • [ in sing. ] a group of people, esp. soldiers or police, stationed in a particular place: the USA would maintain a presence in the Indian Ocean region. • the impressive manner or appearance of a person: Richard was not a big man, but his presence was overwhelming | [ in sing. ] : he has a real physical presence. PHRASES make one's presence felt see make oneself felt at feel. presence of mind the ability to remain calm and take quick, sensible action: he had the presence of mind to record the scene on video. ORIGIN Middle English: via Old French from Latin praesentia ‘being at hand, ’ from the verb praeesse (see present 1 ).

presence chamber

pres ence cham ber ▶noun a room, esp. one in a palace, in which a monarch or other distinguished person receives visitors.

presenile

pre se nile |prēˈsēˌnīl, -ˈsenˌīl priˌsiˈnaɪl | ▶adjective occurring in or characteristic of the period of life preceding old age: the factors that may predispose women to presenile Alzheimer's disease are not known.

present

pres ent 1 |ˈprezənt ˈprɛznt | ▶adjective 1 [ predic. ] (of a person ) in a particular place: a doctor must be present at the ringside | the speech caused embarrassment to all those present. • (of a thing ) existing or occurring in a place or thing: organic molecules are present in comets. 2 [ attrib. ] existing or occurring now: she did not expect to find herself in her present situation. • now being considered or discussed: the present article cannot answer every question. • Grammar (of a tense or participle ) expressing an action now going on or habitually performed or a condition now existing. ▶noun [ in sing. ] (usu. the present ) the period of time now occurring: they are happy and at peace, refusing to think beyond the present. • Grammar a present tense: the verbs are all in the present. See also historic present. PHRASES at present now: membership at present stands at about 5,000. for the present for now; temporarily. ( there is ) no time like the present used to suggest that something should be done now rather than later: “When do you want me to leave? ” “No time like the present. ” present company excepted excluding those who are here now. these presents Law, formal this document: the premises outlined in red on the Plan annexed to these presents. ORIGIN Middle English: via Old French from Latin praesent- ‘being at hand, ’ present participle of praeesse, from prae ‘before ’ + esse ‘be. ’

present

pre sent 2 |priˈzent prəˈzɛnt | ▶verb [ with obj. ] 1 (present something to ) give something to (someone ) formally or ceremonially: a top executive will present an award to employees who built the F-150. • (present someone with ) give someone (something ) in such a way: my students presented me with some flowers. • show or offer (something ) for others to scrutinize or consider: he stopped and presented his passport. • formally introduce (someone ) to someone else: may I present my wife? • proffer (compliments or good wishes ) in a formal manner: may I present the greetings of my master? • formally deliver (a check or bill ) for acceptance or payment: a check presented by Mr. Jackson was returned by the bank. • Law bring (a complaint, petition, or evidence ) formally to the notice of a court. • (of a company or producer ) put (a show or exhibition ) before the public. 2 bring about or be the cause of (a problem or difficulty ): this should not present much difficulty. • exhibit (a particular state or appearance ) to others: the EC presented a united front over the crisis. • represent (someone ) to others in a particular way, typically one that is false or exaggerated: he presented himself as a hardworking man. • (present oneself ) come forward into the presence of another or others, esp. for a formal occasion; appear: he failed to present himself in court. • (present itself ) (of an opportunity or idea ) occur and be available for use or exploitation: when a favorable opportunity presented itself, he would submit his proposition. • [ no obj. ] (often present with ) Medicine (of a patient ) come forward for or undergo initial medical examination for a particular condition or symptom: the patient presented with mild clinical encephalopathy. • [ no obj. ] Medicine (of a part of a fetus ) be directed toward the cervix during labor. • [ no obj. ] Medicine (of an illness ) manifest itself. 3 hold out or aim (a firearm ) at something so as to be ready to fire: they were to present their rifles, take aim, and fire. PHRASES present arms (usually as a command ) hold a rifle vertically in front of the body as a salute. DERIVATIVES pre sent er noun ORIGIN Middle English: from Old French presenter, from Latin praesentare ‘place before ’ (in medieval Latin ‘present as a gift ’), from praesent- ‘being at hand ’ (see present 1 ).

present

pres ent 3 |ˈprezənt ˈprɛzənt | ▶noun a thing given to someone as a gift: a Christmas present. PHRASES make a present of give as a gift: he had made a present of a hacienda to the president. ORIGIN Middle English: from Old French, originally in the phrase mettre une chose en present à quelqu'un ‘put a thing into the presence of a person. ’

presentable

presentation

pres en ta tion |ˌprēˌzenˈtāSHən, ˌprezən -, ˌprēzən -ˌpriˌzɛnˈteɪʃən | ▶noun 1 the proffering or giving of something to someone, esp. as part of a formal ceremony: the presentation of certificates to new members | the trophy presentations. • the manner or style in which something is given, offered, or displayed: the presentation of foods is designed to stimulate your appetite. • a formal introduction of someone, esp. at court. • chiefly historical the action or right of formally proposing a candidate for a church benefice or other position: the Earl of Pembroke offered Herbert the presentation of the living of Bremerton. • a demonstration or display of a product or idea: a sales presentation. 2 Medicine the position of a fetus in relation to the cervix at the time of delivery: breech presentation. • the coming forward of a patient for initial examination and diagnosis: all patients in this group were symptomatic at initial presentation. 3 ( Presentation of Christ ) another term for Candlemas. DERIVATIVES pres en ta tion al |-SHənl |adjective, pres en ta tion al ly |-SHənl -ē |adverb ORIGIN late Middle English: via Old French from late Latin praesentatio (n- ), from Latin praesentare ‘place before ’ (see present 2 ).

presentation graphics

pres en ta tion graph ics presentation software.

presentation software

pres en ta tion soft ware ▶noun software used to create a sequence of text and graphics, and often audio and video, to accompany a speech or public presentation. Also called presentation graphics.

presentative

pre sen ta tive |priˈzentətiv prəˈzɛntədɪv | ▶adjective historical (of a benefice ) to which a patron has the right of presentation. ORIGIN mid 16th cent.: probably from medieval Latin, based on Latin praesentare (see present 2 ).

present-day

pres ent-day |ˈprɛznt ˈˌdeɪ | ▶adjective [ attrib. ] of or relating to the current period of time: present-day technological developments.

presentee

pres en tee |ˌprezənˈtē, priˌzenˈtē ˌprɛznˈti | ▶noun a person nominated or recommended for an office or position, esp. a church benefice. ORIGIN late 15th cent.: from Anglo-Norman French, literally ‘presented, ’ from the verb presenter (see present 2 ).

presenteeism

pres |ent ¦ee |ism |prɛznˈtiːɪzəm | ▶noun [ mass noun ] the practice of being present at one's place of work for more hours than is required, especially as a manifestation of insecurity about one's job.

presentient

pre sen tient |prēˈsenCHənt priˈsɛn (t )ʃənt | ▶adjective rare having a presentiment. ORIGIN early 19th cent.: from Latin praesentient- ‘perceiving beforehand, ’ from the verb praesentire, from prae ‘before ’ + sentire ‘to feel. ’

presentiment

pre sen ti ment |priˈzentəmənt prəˈzɛn (t )əmənt | ▶noun an intuitive feeling about the future, esp. one of foreboding: a presentiment of disaster. ORIGIN early 18th cent.: from obsolete French présentiment.

presentism

pres ent ism |ˈprezenˌtizəm ˈprɛzɛntɪzəm | ▶noun uncritical adherence to present-day attitudes, esp. the tendency to interpret past events in terms of modern values and concepts. DERIVATIVES pres en tist adjective

presently

pres ent ly |ˈprezəntlē ˈprɛzntli | ▶adverb 1 after a short time; soon: this will be examined in more detail presently. 2 at the present time; now: there are presently 1,128 people on the waiting list. usage: In the pain will lessen presently, the meaning of presently is ‘soon. ’ In limited resources are presently available, the meaning is ‘at this moment, now. ’ Both senses date back to the Middle Ages, but the second sense fell into disfavor between the 17th and 20th centuries. Although some traditionalists still object to it, the ’now ‘ sense is widely used and generally regarded as acceptable standard English.

presentment

pre sent ment |priˈzentmənt priˈzɛntmənt | ▶noun Law, chiefly historical a formal presentation of information to a court, esp. by a sworn jury regarding an offense or other matter. ORIGIN Middle English: from Old French presentement, from presenter ‘place before ’ (see present 3 ).

present participle

pres ent par ti ci ple |priˈzɛnt | ▶noun Grammar the form of a verb, ending in -ing in English, which is used in forming continuous tenses, e.g., in I'm thinking, alone in nonfinite clauses, e.g., in sitting here, I haven't a care in the world, as a noun, e.g., in good thinking, and as an adjective, e.g., in running water .

present value

pres ent val ue (also net present value ) ▶noun Finance the value in the present of a sum of money, in contrast to some future value it will have when it has been invested at compound interest.

preservation

pres er va tion |ˌprezərˈvāSHən ˌprɛzərˈveɪʃən | ▶noun the action of preserving something: the preservation of the city's green spaces | food preservation. • the state of being preserved, esp. to a specified degree: the homestead is in a fine state of preservation. ORIGIN late Middle English: via Old French from medieval Latin praeservatio (n- ), from late Latin praeservare ‘to keep ’ (see preserve ).

preservationist

pres er va tion ist |ˌprezərˈvāSHənəst ˌprɛzərˈveɪʃənəst | ▶noun a supporter or advocate of the preservation of something, esp. of historic buildings and artifacts.

preservation order

pres ¦er |va ¦tion order ▶noun chiefly Brit. a legal obligation laid on an owner to preserve a building of historic interest, or to conserve trees and natural habitat regarded as contributing amenity value to the environment.

preservative

pre serv a tive |priˈzərvətiv prɪˈzɜːrvətɪv | ▶noun a substance used to preserve foodstuffs, wood, or other materials against decay. ▶adjective acting to preserve something: the preservative effects of freezing. ORIGIN late Middle English: via Old French from medieval Latin praeservativus, from late Latin praeservat- ‘kept, ’ from the verb praeservare (see preserve ).

preserve

pre serve |priˈzərv prəˈzərv | ▶verb [ with obj. ] maintain (something ) in its original or existing state: all records of the past were zealously preserved | (as adj. preserved ) : a magnificently preserved monastery. • retain (a condition or state of affairs ): a fight to preserve local democracy. • maintain or keep alive (a memory or quality ): the film has preserved all the qualities of the novel. • keep safe from harm or injury: a place for preserving endangered species. • treat or refrigerate (food ) to prevent its decomposition or fermentation. • prepare (fruit ) for long-term storage by boiling it with sugar: (as adj. preserved ) : those sweet preserved fruits associated with Cremona. • keep (game or an area where game is found ) undisturbed to allow private hunting or shooting. ▶noun 1 (usu. preserves ) food made with fruit preserved in sugar, such as jam or marmalade: home-made preserves. 2 a sphere of activity regarded as being reserved for a particular person or group: the civil service became the preserve of the educated middle class. 3 a place where game is protected and kept for private hunting or shooting. DERIVATIVES pre serv a ble adjective, pre serv er noun ORIGIN late Middle English (in the sense ‘keep safe from harm ’): from Old French preserver, from late Latin praeservare, from prae- ‘before, in advance ’ + servare ‘to keep. ’

preserved lemon

pre served lem on |priˈzərvd prɪˌzərvd | ▶noun lemons or lemon slices preserved in salt and lemon juice, used as an ingredient in Moroccan cooking.

preservice

pre serv ice |ˈprēˈsərvəs ˌpriˌsərvəs | ▶adjective of or relating to the period before a person takes a job that requires training, esp. in teaching: preservice training.

preset

pre set |prēˈset priːˈset | ▶verb ( presets, presetting; past and past participle preset ) [ with obj. ] (usu. as adj. preset ) set or adjust (a value that controls the operation of a device ) in advance of its use: the water is heated quickly to a preset temperature. ▶noun a control on electronic equipment or on software that is set or adjusted beforehand to facilitate use.

preshrunk

pre shrunk |prēˈSHrəNGk priˈʃrəŋk | ▶adjective (of a fabric or garment ) having undergone a shrinking process during manufacture to prevent further shrinking in use. DERIVATIVES pre shrink |-ˈSHriNGk |verb

preside

pre side |priˈzīd prəˈzaɪd | ▶verb [ no obj. ] 1 be in the position of authority in a meeting or gathering: Bishop Herbener presided at the meeting | (as adj. presiding ) : the sentence imposed by the presiding judge. • (preside over ) be in charge of (a place or situation ): he presided over a period of great budgetary recklessness. 2 (preside at ) play (a musical instrument, esp. a keyboard instrument ) at a public gathering. ORIGIN early 17th cent.: from French présider, from Latin praesidere, from prae ‘before ’ + sedere ‘sit. ’

presidency

pres i den cy |ˈprez (ə )dənsē, ˈprezəˌdensē ˈprɛz (ə )dənsi | ▶noun ( pl. presidencies ) the office of president: the presidency of the US. • the period of this: the liberal climate that existed during Carter's presidency. • Christian Church the role of the priest or minister who conducts a Eucharist. • (also First Presidency ) (in the Mormon church ) a council of three officers forming the highest administrative body. ORIGIN late 16th cent.: from medieval Latin praesidentia, from praesidere ‘sit before ’ (see preside ).

president

pres i dent |ˈprez (ə )dənt, ˈprezəˌdent ˈprɛz (ə )dənt | ▶noun 1 the elected head of a republican state: the Irish president | [ as title ] : President Kennedy. • the head of a society, council, or other organization: the president of the European Community. • the head of a college or university. • the head of a company. 2 Christian Church the celebrant at a Eucharist. DERIVATIVES pres i den tial |ˌprezəˈdenCHəl |adjective, pres i den tial ly |ˌprezəˈdenCHəlē |adverb, pres i dent ship |-ˌSHip |noun ( archaic )ORIGIN late Middle English: via Old French from Latin praesident- ‘sitting before ’ (see preside ).

president-elect

pres i dent-e lect |ˈˌprɛz (ə )dənt əˈlɛkt | ▶noun ( pl. presidents-elect ) a person who has been elected president but has not yet taken up office.

Presidential Medal of Freedom

Pres i den tial Med al of Free dom |ˌprezəˈdenCHəl ˌprɛzəˌdɛntʃəlˌmɛdləvˌfridəm | ▶noun (in the US ) a medal constituting the highest award that can be given to a civilian in peacetime.

Presidential Range

Pres i den tial Range a range in northern New Hampshire's White Mountains that includes Mount Washington, which, at 6,288 feet (1,918 m ), is the highest peak in the northeastern US.

president pro tempore

pres i dent pro tem po re |ˈprō ˈtempəˌrē ˌproʊ ˌtɛmpəˈri |(also president pro tem |ˈprō ˈtem |) ▶noun a high-ranking senator of the majority party who presides over the US Senate in the absence of the vice president.

presiding officer

pre |sid ¦ing of ¦fi |cer |prɪzʌɪdɪŋˈɒfɪsə (r )| ▶noun an official in charge of a polling station at an election.

presidio

pre sid i o |priˈsidēˌō, -sēdē -prəˈsɪdiˌoʊ | ▶noun ( pl. presidios ) (in Spain and Spanish America ) a fortified military settlement. ORIGIN Spanish, from Latin praesidium ‘garrison. ’

presidium

pre sid i um |priˈsidēəm, -ˈzid- prɪˌsɪdiəm |(also praesidium ) ▶noun a standing executive committee in a communist country. • (Presidium ) the committee of this type in the former Soviet Union, which functioned as the legislative authority when the Supreme Soviet was not sitting. ORIGIN 1920s: from Russian prezidium, from Latin praesidium ‘protection, garrison ’ (see preside ).

Presley, Elvis

Pres ley, Elvis |ˈprezlē, ˈpres- ˈprɛzli | (1935 –77 ), US singer; known as the King of Rock and Roll; full name Elvis Aaron Presley. He was the dominant personality of early rock and roll with songs such as “Heartbreak Hotel, ” “Don't Be Cruel, ” and “Hound Dog ” and was noted for the frank sexuality of his performances. He also made numerous movies, including King Creole (1958 ), and became a cult figure after his death.

presoak

pre |soak |priːˈsəʊk | ▶verb [ with obj. ] soak (something ) as a preliminary process or treatment.

presort

pre sort |prēˈsôrt priˌsɔrt | ▶verb [ with obj. ] sort outgoing mail by zip code in order to take advantage of a cheaper rate of postage.

press

press 1 |pres prɛs | ▶verb 1 move or cause to move into a position of contact with something by exerting continuous physical force: [ with obj. ] : he pressed his face to the glass | [ no obj. ] : her body pressed against his. • [ with obj. ] exert continuous physical force on (something ), typically in order to operate a device or machine: he pressed a button and the doors slid open. • [ with obj. ] squeeze (someone's arm or hand ) as a sign of affection. • [ no obj. ] move in a specified direction by pushing: the mob was still pressing forward. • (of an enemy or opponent ) attack persistently and fiercely: [ no obj. ] : their enemies pressed in on all sides | [ with obj. ] : two assailants were pressing Agrippa. • [ no obj. ] (press on /ahead ) continue in one's action: he stubbornly pressed on with his work. • [ with obj. ] Weightlifting raise (a specified weight ) by first lifting it to shoulder height and then gradually pushing it upward above the head. 2 [ with obj. ] apply pressure to (something ) to flatten, shape, or smooth it, typically by ironing: she pressed her nicest blouse | (as adj. pressed ) : immaculately pressed trousers. • apply pressure to (a flower or leaf ) between sheets of paper in order to dry and preserve it. • extract (juice or oil ) by crushing or squeezing fruit, vegetables, etc.: (as adj. pressed ) : freshly pressed grape juice. • squeeze or crush (fruit, vegetables, etc. ) to extract the juice or oil. • manufacture (something, esp. a phonograph record ) by molding under pressure. 3 [ with obj. ] forcefully put forward (an opinion, claim, or course of action ): Rose did not press the point. • make strong efforts to persuade or force (someone ) to do or provide something: when I pressed him for precise figures, he evaded the subject | [ with infinitive ] : the marketing directors were pressed to justify their expenditure | [ no obj. ] : they continued to press for changes in legislation. • [ no obj. ] Golf try too hard to achieve distance with a shot, at the risk of inaccuracy. • (press something on /upon ) insist that (someone ) accept an offer or gift: he pressed dinner invitations on her. • [ no obj. ] (of something, esp. time ) be in short supply and so demand immediate action. • (be pressed ) have barely enough of something, esp. time: I'm very pressed for time. • (be pressed to do something ) have difficulty doing or achieving something: they may be hard pressed to keep their promise. ▶noun 1 a device for applying pressure to something in order to flatten or shape it or to extract juice or oil: a flower press | a wine press. • a machine that applies pressure to a workpiece by means of a tool, in order to punch shapes. 2 a printing press. • [ often in names ] a business that prints or publishes books: the Clarendon Press. • the process of printing: the book is ready to go to press . 3 (the press ) [ treated as sing. or pl. ] newspapers or journalists viewed collectively: the press was notified | [ as modifier ] : press coverage. • coverage in newspapers and magazines: there's no point in demonstrating if you don't get any press | [ in sing. ] : the mayor has had a bad press for years. 4 an act of pressing something: the system summons medical help at the press of a button. • [ in sing. ] a closely packed crowd or mass of people or things: among the press of cars he saw a taxi. • dated pressure of business. • Weightlifting an act of raising a weight to shoulder height and then gradually pushing it above the head. • Basketball any of various forms of close guarding by the defending team. 5 chiefly Irish Scottish a large cupboard. PHRASES press charges see charge. press something home see home. press ( the ) flesh informal (of a celebrity or politician ) greet people by shaking hands. ORIGIN Middle English: from Old French presse (noun ), presser (verb ), from Latin pressare ‘keep pressing, ’ frequentative of premere.

press

press 2 |prɛs pres | ▶verb [ with obj. ] (press someone /something into ) put (someone or something ) to a specified use, esp. as a temporary or makeshift measure: many of these stones have been pressed into service as gateposts. • historical force (a man ) to enlist in the army or navy. ▶noun historical a forcible enlistment of men, esp. for the navy. ORIGIN late 16th cent.: alteration (by association with press 1 ) of obsolete prest ‘pay given on enlistment, enlistment by such payment, ’ from Old French prest ‘loan, advance pay, ’ based on Latin praestare ‘provide. ’

press agent

press a gent |ˈprɛs ˌeɪʤənt | ▶noun a person employed to organize advertising and publicity in the press on behalf of an organization or well-known person.

pressboard

press board |ˈpresˌbôrd ˈprɛsˌbɔərd | ▶noun a hard, dense kind of board with a smooth finish, typically made from wood or textile pulp or laminated wastepaper, and used as an electrical insulator and for making light furniture.

pressbook

press book |ˈpresbo͝ok ˈprɛsbʊk | ▶noun 1 a book of press cuttings. 2 a booklet or leaflet put together by a movie producer to publicize a new motion picture.

press box

press box |ˈprɛs ˌbɑks | ▶noun an area reserved for journalists at a sports event.

Pressburg

Press burg |ˈpresbərg ˈprɛsbərɡ | German name for Bratislava.

press card

press card ▶noun an official authorization carried by a reporter, esp. one that gives admission to an event.

press clipping

press clipping ▶noun a paragraph or short article cut out of a newspaper or magazine.

press conference

press con fer ence |ˈprɛs ˌkɑnf (ə )rəns | ▶noun an interview given to journalists by a prominent person in order to make an announcement or answer questions.

Press Council

Press Council ▶noun a body established in the UK in 1953 to raise and maintain professional standards among journalists.

press cutting

press cut |ting ▶noun Brit. a paragraph or short article cut out of a newspaper or magazine.

pressé

pressé |ˈprɛseɪ | ▶noun a drink made from freshly squeezed fruit juice, sugar, and ice: an orange pressé. ORIGIN French, ‘pressed, squeezed ’.

presser foot

press er foot ▶noun the footplate of a sewing machine that holds the fabric down onto the part that feeds it under the needle.

press fit

press fit ▶noun an interference fit between two parts in which one is forced under pressure into a slightly smaller hole in the other. DERIVATIVES press-fit ted adjective

press gallery

press gal ler y |prɛs ˈɡæl (ə )ri | ▶noun a place reserved for journalists observing the proceedings in a legislature or court of law.

press gang

press gang |prɛs ɡæŋ | ▶noun historical a body of men employed to enlist men forcibly into service in the army or navy. ▶verb [ with obj. ] (press-gang ) chiefly historical forcibly enlist (someone ) into service in the army or navy. • (press-gang someone into ) force someone to do something: we press-ganged Simon into playing.

pressing

press ing |ˈpresiNG ˈprɛsɪŋ | ▶adjective (of a problem, need, or situation ) requiring quick or immediate action or attention: inflation was the most pressing problem | he had pressing business in Albany. • (of an invitation ) strongly expressed. ▶noun a thing made by the application of force or weight, esp. a phonograph record. • a series of such things made at one time: the first pressing of the live album. • an act or instance of applying force or weight to something: pure-grade olive oil is the product of the second or third pressings. DERIVATIVES press ing ly adverb

press kit

press kit ▶noun a package of promotional material provided to members of the press to brief them, esp. about a product, service, or candidate.

pressman

press man |ˈpresˌmən, ˌman ˈprɛsˌmæn | ▶noun ( pl. pressmen ) 1 chiefly Brit. a journalist. 2 a person who operates a printing press.

pressmark

press mark |ˈpresˌmärk ˈprɛsˌmɑrk | ▶noun chiefly Brit. a call number.

pressor

pres sor |ˈpresər ˈprɛsər | ▶adjective [ attrib. ] Physiology producing an increase in blood pressure by stimulating constriction of the blood vessels: a pressor response.

press release

press re lease |prɛs rəˈlis | ▶noun an official statement issued to newspapers giving information on a particular matter.

press run

press run ▶noun the operation of a printing press for a single job (the number or entire set of items produced in such an operation ): the paper is increasing its press run from 75,000 to 95,000 copies.

press stud

press stud ▶noun Brit. a small fastener on clothing, engaged by pressing its two halves together.

press time

press time ▶noun the moment when a magazine or other publication goes to press.

press-up

press-up |ˈprɛs ˌəp | ▶noun British term for pushup.

pressure

pres sure |ˈpreSHər ˈprɛʃər | ▶noun 1 the continuous physical force exerted on or against an object by something in contact with it: the slight extra pressure he applied to her hand. • the force exerted per unit area: gas can be fed to the turbines at a pressure of around 250 psi. 2 the use of persuasion, influence, or intimidation to make someone do something: the proposals put pressure on Britain to drop its demand | the many pressures on girls to worry about their looks. • the influence or effect of someone or something: oil prices came under some downward pressure. • the feeling of stressful urgency caused by the necessity of doing or achieving something, esp. with limited time: you need to be able to work under pressure and not get flustered | some offenders might find prison a refuge against the pressures of the outside world. ▶verb [ with obj. ] attempt to persuade or coerce (someone ) into doing something: it might now be possible to pressure him into resigning | [ with obj. and infinitive ] : she pressured her son to accept a job offer from the bank. ORIGIN late Middle English: from Old French, from Latin pressura, from press- ‘pressed, ’ from the verb premere (see press 1 ).

pressure cooker

pres sure cook er |ˈprɛʃər ˌkʊkər | ▶noun an airtight pot in which food can be cooked quickly under steam pressure. • a highly stressful situation or assignment: the conformist pressure cooker of high school. DERIVATIVES pres sure-cook verb

pressure gauge

pres sure gauge ▶noun an instrument indicating pressure: an oil pressure gauge.

pressure group

pres sure group |ˈprɛʃər ˌɡrup | ▶noun a group that tries to influence public policy in the interest of a particular cause: an environmental pressure group.

pressure hull

pres sure hull ▶noun the inner hull of a submarine, in which approximately atmospheric pressure is maintained when the vessel is submerged.

pressure lamp

pres sure lamp ▶noun a portable oil or kerosene lamp in which the fuel is forced up into the mantle or burner by air pressure in the reservoir, which can be increased by pumping with a plunger.

pressure point

pres sure point |ˈprɛʃər pɔɪnt | ▶noun a point on the surface of the body sensitive to pressure. • a point where an artery can be pressed against a bone to inhibit bleeding.

pressure suit

pres sure suit |ˈprɛʃər sut | ▶noun an inflatable suit that protects the wearer against low pressure, e.g., when flying at a high altitude.

pressure vessel

pres sure ves sel ▶noun a container designed to hold material at high pressures. • an enclosed structure containing a nuclear reactor core immersed in pressurized coolant.

pressurize

pres sur ize |ˈpreSHəˌrīz ˈprɛʃəˌraɪz | ▶verb [ with obj. ] 1 produce or maintain raised pressure artificially in (a gas or its container ): the mixture was pressurized to 1,900 atmospheres | (as adj. pressurized ) : a pressurized can. • maintain a tolerable atmospheric pressure in (an aircraft cabin ) at a high altitude: (as adj. pressurized ) : a pressurized cabin. 2 attempt to persuade or coerce (someone ) into doing something: the protests were an attempt to pressurize the government into bringing an end to the violence | [ with obj. and infinitive ] : people had been pressurized to vote. DERIVATIVES pres sur i za tion |ˌpreSHərəˈzāSHən |noun

pressurized-water reactor

pres sur ized-wa ter re ac tor (abbr.: PWR ) ▶noun a nuclear reactor in which the fuel is uranium oxide clad in zircaloy and the coolant and moderator is water maintained at high pressure so that it does not boil at the operating temperature of the reactor.

presswork

press work |ˈpresˌwərk ˈprɛswərk | ▶noun 1 the process of using a printing press. • printed matter, esp. with regard to its quality. 2 the shaping of metal by pressing or drawing it into a shaped hollow die.

Prester John

Pres ter John |ˈprestər ˈjän ˌprɛstər ˈʤɑn | a legendary medieval Christian king of Asia (and, later, of Ethiopia ), said to have defeated the Muslims and to be destined to bring help to the Holy Land. ORIGIN Middle English: from Old French prestre Jehan, from medieval Latin presbyter Johannes ‘priest John. ’

prestidigitation

pres ti dig i ta tion |ˌprestəˌdijəˈtāSHən ˌprɛstəˌdɪʤəˈteɪʃən | ▶noun formal magic tricks performed as entertainment. DERIVATIVES pres ti dig i ta tor |-ˈdijəˌtātər |noun ORIGIN mid 19th cent.: from French, from preste ‘nimble ’ + Latin digitus ‘finger ’ + -ation .

prestige

pres tige |presˈtēZH, -ˈtēj prɛˈsti (d )ʒ | ▶noun widespread respect and admiration felt for someone or something on the basis of a perception of their achievements or quality: he experienced a tremendous increase in prestige following his victory. • [ as modifier ] denoting something that arouses such respect or admiration: prestige wines. ORIGIN mid 17th cent. (in the sense ‘illusion, conjuring trick ’): from French, literally ‘illusion, glamour, ’ from late Latin praestigium ‘illusion, ’ from Latin praestigiae (plural ) ‘conjuring tricks. ’ The transference of meaning occurred by way of the sense ‘dazzling influence, glamour, ’ at first depreciatory.

prestige pricing

pres tige pric ing ▶noun the practice of pricing goods at a high level in order to give the appearance of quality.

prestigious

pres tig ious |preˈstijəs, -ˈstē -prɛˈstɪʤəs | ▶adjective inspiring respect and admiration; having high status: a prestigious academic post. DERIVATIVES pres tig i ous ly adverb, pres tig i ous ness noun ORIGIN mid 16th cent. (in the sense ‘practicing legerdemain ’): from late Latin praestigiosus, from praestigiae ‘conjuring tricks. ’ The current sense dates from the early 20th cent.

prestissimo

pres tis si mo |preˈstisəˌmō prɛˈstɪsəˌmoʊ |Music ▶adverb & adjective (esp. as a direction ) in a very quick tempo. ▶noun ( pl. prestissimos ) a movement or passage marked to be performed in a very quick tempo. ORIGIN Italian, superlative of presto ‘quick, quickly ’ (see presto ).

presto

pres to |ˈprestō ˈprɛstoʊ | ▶adverb & adjective Music (esp. as a direction ) in a quick tempo. ▶noun ( pl. prestos ) Music a movement or passage marked to be performed in a quick tempo. ▶exclam. a phrase announcing the successful completion of a trick, or suggesting that something has been done so easily that it seems to be magic: just one quick squeeze and presto! A stir fry in seconds. ORIGIN Italian, ‘quick, quickly, ’ from late Latin praestus ‘ready, ’ from Latin praesto ‘at hand. ’

Preston

Pres ton |ˈprestən ˈprɛstn | a city in northwestern England, the administrative center of the county of Lancashire, on the Ribble River; pop. 165,600 (est. 2009 ). It was the site in the 18th century of the first English cotton mills.

Prestonpans, Battle of

Pres ton pans, Bat tle of |ˌprestənˈpanz ˌbædl əv ˌprɛstənˈpænz | a battle in 1745 near the town of Prestonpans just east of Edinburgh, Scotland, the first major engagement of the Jacobite uprising of 1745 –46. The Jacobites routed the Hanoverians, leaving the way clear for Charles Edward Stuart's subsequent invasion of England.

prestressed

pre stressed |prēˈstrest priˈstrɛst | ▶adjective strengthened by the application of stress during manufacture, esp. (of concrete ) by means of rods or wires inserted under tension before the material is set. DERIVATIVES pre stress ing |-ˈstresiNG |noun

Prestwick

Prest |wick |ˈprɛstwɪk | a town to the south of Glasgow in South Ayrshire, SW Scotland, the site of an international airport; pop. 14,800 (est. 2009 ).

presumably

pre sum a bly |priˈzo͞oməblē prəˈz (j )uməbli | ▶adverb [ sentence adverb ] used to convey that what is asserted is very likely though not known for certain: the Yakima Indians presumably came from Asia by way of the Bering Strait.

presume

pre sume |priˈzo͞om prəˈz (j )um | ▶verb 1 [ with clause ] suppose that something is the case on the basis of probability: I presumed that the man had been escorted from the building | [ with obj. and complement ] : the two men were presumed dead when the wreck of their boat was found. • take for granted that something exists or is the case: the argument presumes that only one person can do the work | [ with obj. ] : the task demands skills that cannot be presumed and therefore require proper training. 2 [ no obj., with infinitive ] be audacious enough to do something: kindly don't presume to issue me orders in my own house. • [ no obj. ] make unjustified demands; take liberties: forgive me if I have presumed. • [ no obj. ] (presume on /upon ) unjustifiably regard (something ) as entitling one to privileges: she knew he regarded her as his protegée, but was determined not to presume on that. DERIVATIVES pre sum a ble adjective ORIGIN late Middle English: from Old French presumer, from Latin praesumere ‘anticipate ’ (in late Latin ‘take for granted ’), from prae ‘before ’ + sumere ‘take. ’

presuming

pre sum ing |priˈzo͞omiNG priˈzjumɪŋ | ▶adjective archaic presumptuous. DERIVATIVES pre sum ing ly adverb

presumption

pre sump tion |priˈzəmpSHən prəˈzəm (p )ʃən | ▶noun 1 an act or instance of taking something to be true or adopting a particular attitude toward something, esp. at the start of a chain of argument or action: the presumption of guilt has changed to a presumption of innocence. • an idea that is taken to be true, and often used as the basis for other ideas, although it is not known for certain: underlying presumptions about human nature. • chiefly Law an attitude adopted in law or as a matter of policy toward an action or proposal in the absence of acceptable reasons to the contrary: the planning policy shows a general presumption in favor of development. 2 behavior perceived as arrogant, disrespectful, and transgressing the limits of what is permitted or appropriate: he lifted her off the ground and she was enraged at his presumption. ORIGIN Middle English: from Old French presumpcion, from Latin praesumptio (n )‘anticipation, ’ from the verb praesumere (see presume ).

presumptive

pre sump tive |priˈzəmptiv prəˈzəm (p )tɪv | ▶adjective of the nature of a presumption; presumed in the absence of further information: a presumptive diagnosis. • Law giving grounds for the inference of a fact or of the appropriate interpretation of the law. • another term for presumptuous. DERIVATIVES pre sump tive ly adverb ORIGIN late Middle English: from French présomptif, -ive, from late Latin praesumptivus, from praesumpt- ‘taken before, ’ from the verb praesumere (see presume ).

presumptuous

pre sump tu ous |priˈzəmpCH (o͞o )əs prəˈzəm (p )(t )ʃ (əw )əs | ▶adjective (of a person or their behavior ) failing to observe the limits of what is permitted or appropriate: I hope I won't be considered presumptuous if I offer some advice. DERIVATIVES pre sump tu ous ly adverb, pre sump tu ous ness noun ORIGIN Middle English: from Old French presumptueux, from late Latin praesumptuosus, variant of praesumptiosus ‘full of boldness, ’ from praesumptio (see presumption ).

presuppose

pre sup pose |ˌprēsəˈpōz ˌprisəˈpoʊz | ▶verb [ with obj. ] (of an action, process, or argument ) require as a precondition of possibility or coherence: his relationships did not permit the degree of self-revelation that true intimacy presupposes. • [ with clause ] tacitly assume at the beginning of a line of argument or course of action that something is the case: your argument presupposes that it does not matter who is in power. ORIGIN late Middle English: from Old French presupposer, suggested by medieval Latin praesupponere, from prae ‘before ’ + supponere ‘place under ’ (see suppose ).

presupposition

pre sup po si tion |ˌprēˌsəpəˈziSHən ˌpriˌsəpəˈzɪʃən | ▶noun a thing tacitly assumed beforehand at the beginning of a line of argument or course of action: images that challenge presuppositions about feminine handiwork. • the action or state of presupposing or being presupposed. ORIGIN mid 16th cent.: from medieval Latin praesuppositio (n- ), from the verb praesupponere (see presuppose ).

presynaptic

pre syn ap tic |ˌprēsəˈnaptik ˌprisəˈnæptɪk | ▶adjective Physiology relating to or denoting a nerve cell that releases a transmitter substance into a synapse during transmission of an impulse. DERIVATIVES pre syn ap ti cal ly |-ik (ə )lē |adverb

Oxford Dictionary

Pres.

Pres. ▶abbreviation President.

presage

presage |ˈprɛsɪdʒ | ▶verb |also prɪˈseɪdʒ | [ with obj. ] be a sign or warning of (an imminent event, typically an unwelcome one ): the heavy clouds above the moorland presaged snow. • archaic (of a person ) predict: lands he could measure, terms and tides presage. ▶noun an omen or portent: the fever was a sombre presage of his final illness. • archaic a feeling of presentiment or foreboding: he had a strong presage that he had only a very short time to live. DERIVATIVES presager noun ( archaic )ORIGIN late Middle English (as a noun ): via French from Latin praesagium, from praesagire ‘forebode ’, from prae ‘before ’ + sagire ‘perceive keenly ’.

Presb.

Presb. ▶abbreviation Presbyterian.

Presby.

Presby. ▶abbreviation Presbyterian.

presbyopia

presbyopia |ˌprɛzbɪˈəʊpɪə | ▶noun [ mass noun ] long-sightedness caused by loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye, occurring typically in middle and old age. DERIVATIVES presbyopic |-ˈɒpɪk |adjective ORIGIN late 18th cent.: modern Latin, from Greek presbus ‘old man ’ + ōps, ōp- ‘eye ’.

presbyter

presbyter |ˈprɛzbɪtə | ▶noun historical an elder or minister of the Christian Church. • formal (in Presbyterian Churches ) an elder. • formal (in episcopal Churches ) a minister of the second order, under the authority of a bishop. DERIVATIVES presbyteral |-ˈbɪt (ə )r (ə )l |adjective, presbyterate |-ˈbɪt (ə )rət |noun, presbyterial |-ˈtɪərɪəl |adjective, presbytership noun ORIGIN late 16th cent.: via ecclesiastical Latin from Greek presbuteros ‘elder ’ (used in the New Testament to denote an elder of the early church ), comparative of presbus ‘old (man )’.

Presbyterian

Presbyterian |ˌprɛzbɪˈtɪərɪən | ▶adjective relating to or denoting a Christian Church or denomination governed by elders according to the principles of Presbyterianism. ▶noun a member of a Presbyterian Church. • an advocate of the Presbyterian system. ORIGIN mid 17th cent.: from ecclesiastical Latin presbyterium (see presbytery ) + -an .

Presbyterianism

Pres ¦by |ter ¦ian |ism |ˌprɛzbɪˈtɪərɪəˌnɪz (ə )m | ▶noun [ mass noun ] a form of Protestant Church government in which the Church is administered locally by the minister with a group of elected elders of equal rank, and regionally and nationally by representative courts of ministers and elders. Presbyterianism was first introduced in Geneva in 1541 under John Calvin, in the belief that it best represented the pattern of the early church. There are now many Presbyterian Churches (often called Reformed Churches ) worldwide, notably in the Netherlands and Scotland and in countries with which they have historic links (including the United States and Northern Ireland ). They typically subscribe (more or less strictly ) to the Westminster Confession.

presbytery

presbytery |ˈprɛzbɪt (ə )ri | ▶noun ( pl. presbyteries ) 1 [ treated as sing. or pl. ] a body of Church elders and ministers, especially (in Presbyterian Churches ) an administrative body (court ) representing all the local congregations of a district. • a district represented by a presbytery. 2 the house of a Roman Catholic parish priest. 3 chiefly Architecture the eastern part of a church chancel beyond the choir; the sanctuary. ORIGIN late Middle English (in sense 3 ): from Old French presbiterie, via ecclesiastical Latin from Greek presbuterion, from presbuteros (see presbyter ).

preschool

pre |school |ˈpriːskuːl | ▶adjective relating to the time before a child is old enough to go to school: a preschool playgroup. ▶noun a nursery school. DERIVATIVES preschooler noun

prescience

pres ¦ci |ence |ˈprɛsɪəns | ▶noun [ mass noun ] the fact of knowing something in advance; foreknowledge: with extraordinary prescience, Jung actually predicted the Nazi eruption.

prescient

prescient |ˈprɛsɪənt | ▶adjective having or showing knowledge of events before they take place: a prescient warning. DERIVATIVES presciently adverb ORIGIN early 17th cent.: from Latin praescient- ‘knowing beforehand ’, from the verb praescire, from prae ‘before ’ + scire ‘know ’.

prescind

prescind |prɪˈsɪnd | ▶verb [ no obj. ] (prescind from ) formal leave out of consideration: such traditionalists have prescinded from novel practices and attitudes. • [ with obj. ] detach or separate from something: his is an idea entirely prescinded from all of the others. ORIGIN mid 17th cent. (in the sense ‘cut off abruptly or prematurely ’): from Latin praescindere, from prae ‘before ’ + scindere ‘to cut ’.

Prescott

Pres cott |ˈpresˌkät ˈprɛskɑt | a historic city in west central Arizona; pop. 42,697 (est. 2008 ).

prescribe

pre |scribe |prɪˈskrʌɪb | ▶verb [ with obj. ] 1 (of a medical practitioner ) advise and authorize the use of (a medicine or treatment ) for someone, especially in writing: her doctor prescribed sleeping tablets | [ with two objs ] : he was prescribed a course of antibiotics. • recommend (a substance or action ) as something beneficial: marriage is often prescribed as a universal remedy. 2 state authoritatively or as a rule that (an action or procedure ) should be carried out: rules prescribing five acts for a play are purely arbitrary. DERIVATIVES prescribable adjective, prescriber noun ORIGIN late Middle English (in the sense ‘confine within bounds ’, also as a legal term meaning ‘claim by prescription ’): from Latin praescribere ‘direct in writing ’, from prae ‘before ’ + scribere ‘write ’. usage: The verbs prescribe and proscribe do not have the same meaning. Prescribe is a much commoner word and means either ‘issue a medical prescription ’ or ‘recommend with authority ’, as in the doctor prescribed antibiotics. Proscribe, on the other hand, is a formal word meaning ‘condemn or forbid ’, as in gambling was strictly proscribed by the authorities.

prescript

prescript |ˈpriːskrɪpt | ▶noun formal or dated an ordinance, law, or command. ORIGIN mid 16th cent.: from Latin praescriptum ‘something directed in writing ’, neuter past participle of praescribere (see prescribe ).

prescription

pre |scrip ¦tion |prɪˈskrɪpʃ (ə )n | ▶noun 1 an instruction written by a medical practitioner that authorizes a patient to be issued with a medicine or treatment: he scribbled a prescription for tranquillizers | [ mass noun ] : the lotion is available on prescription . • [ mass noun ] the action of prescribing a medicine or treatment: the unnecessary prescription of antibiotics. • a medicine or remedy that is prescribed: I've got to pick up my prescription from the chemist's. 2 a recommendation that is authoritatively put forward: effective prescriptions for sustaining rural communities. 3 (also positive prescription ) [ mass noun ] Law the establishment of a claim founded on the basis of a long or indefinite period of uninterrupted use or of long-standing custom. ORIGIN late Middle English (as a legal term ): via Old French from Latin praescriptio (n- ), from the verb praescribere (see prescribe ). Sense 1 dates from the late 16th cent.

prescriptive

pre |scrip ¦tive |prɪˈskrɪptɪv | ▶adjective 1 relating to the imposition or enforcement of a rule or method: these guidelines are not intended to be prescriptive. • Linguistics attempting to impose rules of correct usage on the users of a language: a prescriptive grammar book. Often contrasted with descriptive. 2 (of a right, title, or institution ) having become legally established or accepted by long usage or the passage of time: a prescriptive right of way. • archaic arising from long-standing custom or usage: for her own mother she felt no more than a prescriptive affection. DERIVATIVES prescriptively adverb, prescriptiveness noun, prescriptivism noun, prescriptivist noun & adjective ORIGIN mid 18th cent.: from late Latin praescriptivus ‘relating to a legal exception ’, from praescript- ‘directed in writing ’, from the verb praescribere (see prescribe ).

preseason

pre |season ▶adjective (of a sporting fixture ) taking place before the regular season. ▶noun the period of time before the regular season.

preselect

pre |select |priːsɪˈlɛkt | ▶verb [ with obj. ] select or set in advance: four British swimmers were preselected for the Olympics. DERIVATIVES preselection noun, preselective adjective

preselector

pre |select ¦or |priːsɪˈlɛktə | ▶noun a device for selecting a mechanical or electrical operation in advance of its execution.

presence

pres |ence |ˈprɛz (ə )ns | ▶noun [ mass noun ] the state or fact of existing, occurring, or being present: my presence in the flat made her happy | the presence of chlorine in the atmosphere | the memorial was unveiled in the presence of 24 veterans. • [ count noun ] a person or thing that exists or is present in a place but is not seen: the monks became aware of a strange presence. • [ in sing. ] a group of people, especially soldiers or police, stationed in a particular place: the USA would maintain a presence in the Indian Ocean region. • the impressive manner or appearance of a person: Richard was not a big man but his presence was overwhelming. PHRASES make one's presence felt see make oneself felt at feel. presence of mind the ability to remain calm and take quick, sensible action: he had the presence of mind to record the scene on video. ORIGIN Middle English: via Old French from Latin praesentia ‘being at hand ’, from the verb praeesse (see present 1 ).

presence chamber

pres |ence cham |ber ▶noun a room, especially one in a palace, in which a monarch or other distinguished person receives visitors.

presenile

presenile |priːˈsiːnʌɪl | ▶adjective occurring in or characteristic of the period of life preceding old age: Alzheimer's disease is a form of presenile dementia.

present

present 1 |ˈprɛz (ə )nt | ▶adjective 1 [ predic. ] in a particular place: a doctor must be present at the ringside | the speech caused embarrassment to all those present. • existing or occurring in a place or thing: gases present in the atmosphere. 2 [ attrib. ] existing or occurring now: she did not expect to find herself in her present situation. • now being considered or discussed: the present article cannot answer every question. • Grammar (of a tense or participle ) expressing an action now going on or habitually performed, or a condition now existing. ▶noun 1 (usu. the present ) the period of time now occurring: they are happy and at peace, refusing to think beyond the present. 2 Grammar a present tense: the verbs are all in the present. See also historic present. PHRASES all present and correct used to indicate that not a single thing or person is missing. at present now: membership at present stands at about 5,000. for the present for now; temporarily. ( there is ) no time like the present an action should be done now rather than later. present company excepted excluding those who are here now. these presents Law, formal this document: the premises outlined in red on the Plan annexed to these presents. ORIGIN Middle English: via Old French from Latin praesent- ‘being at hand ’, present participle of praeesse, from prae ‘before ’ + esse ‘be ’.

present

present 2 |prɪˈzɛnt | ▶verb [ with obj. ] 1 give or award formally or ceremonially: the duke presented certificates to the men | a local celebrity will present the prizes. • (present someone with ) give someone (a gift or award ) in a formal or ceremonial way: my pupils presented me with some flowers. • show or offer (something ) for others to scrutinize or consider: he stopped and presented his passport. • formally deliver (a cheque or bill ) for acceptance or payment: a cheque presented by Mr Jackson was returned by the bank. • Law bring (a complaint, petition, or evidence ) formally to the notice of a court. 2 formally introduce (someone ) to someone else: may I present my wife? • (present oneself ) appear formally before others: he failed to present himself in court. • (present someone to ) (in church use ) recommend an ordained minister to a bishop for institution to (a benefice ). • [ no obj. ] (often present with ) Medicine (of a patient ) come forward for initial medical examination for a particular condition or symptom: the patient presented with mild clinical encephalopathy. 3 introduce or announce the various items of (a television or radio show ) as a participant: the Late Show was presented by Cynthia Rose. • (of a company or producer ) put (a show or exhibition ) before the public. 4 be the cause of (a problem or difficulty ): the suspect may present a danger to himself or others. • exhibit (a particular state or appearance ) to others: the EC presented a united front over the crisis. • represent (someone or something ) to others in a particular way: the prime minister presented himself as a radical figure. • (present itself ) (of an opportunity or idea ) occur and be available for use or exploitation: when a favourable opportunity presented itself he would submit his proposition. • [ no obj. ] Medicine (of an illness ) manifest itself. 5 [ no obj. ] Medicine (of a part of a fetus ) be directed towards the cervix during labour. 6 hold out or aim (a firearm ) at something so as to be ready to fire: they were to present their rifles, take aim, and fire. ▶noun (the present ) the position of a firearm when aimed or held ready to be aimed, especially the position from which a rifle is fired. PHRASES present arms hold a rifle vertically in front of the body as a salute. ORIGIN Middle English: from Old French presenter, from Latin praesentare ‘place before ’ (in medieval Latin ‘present as a gift ’), from praesent- ‘being at hand ’ (see present 1 ).

present

present 3 |ˈprɛz (ə )nt | ▶noun a thing given to someone as a gift: a Christmas present. PHRASES make a present of give as a gift: he had made a present of a hacienda to the president. ORIGIN Middle English: from Old French, originally in the phrase mettre une chose en present à quelqu'un ‘put a thing into the presence of a person ’.

presentable

presentation

pres ¦en |ta ¦tion |prɛz (ə )nˈteɪʃ (ə )n | ▶noun 1 [ mass noun ] the giving of something to someone, especially as part of a formal ceremony: the presentation of certificates to new members | [ count noun ] : the Lord Lieutenant made the presentations. • the manner or style in which something is given, offered, or displayed: the presentation of foods is designed to stimulate your appetite. • a formal introduction of someone, especially at court. • chiefly historical the action or right of formally proposing a candidate for a Church benefice or other position: the Earl of Pembroke offered Herbert the presentation of the living of Bremerton. 2 a speech or talk in which a new product, idea, or piece of work is shown and explained to an audience: a sales presentation. 3 Medicine the position of a fetus in relation to the cervix at the time of delivery: breech presentation. 4 ( Presentation of Christ ) another term for Candlemas. DERIVATIVES presentational adjective, presentationally adverb ORIGIN late Middle English: via Old French from late Latin praesentatio (n- ), from Latin praesentare ‘place before ’ (see present 2 ).

presentation software

pres en ta tion soft ware ▶noun software used to create a sequence of text and graphics, and often audio and video, to accompany a speech or public presentation. Also called presentation graphics.

presentative

pre ¦senta |tive |prɪˈzɛntətɪv | ▶adjective historical (of a benefice ) to which a patron has the right of presentation. ORIGIN mid 16th cent.: probably from medieval Latin, based on Latin praesentare (see present 2 ).

present-day

present-day ▶adjective relating to the current period of time: present-day technological developments.

presentee

pres |ent ¦ee |ˌprɛz (ə )nˈtiː | ▶noun a person nominated or recommended for an office or position, especially a Church living. ORIGIN late 15th cent.: from Anglo-Norman French, literally ‘presented ’, from the verb presenter (see present 2 ).

presenteeism

presenter

pre |sent ¦er |prɪˈzɛntə | ▶noun Brit. a person who introduces and appears in a television or radio programme.

presentient

presentient |prɪˈsɛnʃ (ə )nt, -ˈzɛn -| ▶adjective rare having a presentiment. ORIGIN early 19th cent.: from Latin praesentient- ‘perceiving beforehand ’, from the verb praesentire, from prae ‘before ’ + sentire ‘to feel ’.

presentiment

presentiment |prɪˈzɛntɪm (ə )nt, -ˈsɛn -| ▶noun an intuitive feeling about the future, especially one of foreboding: a presentiment of disaster. ORIGIN early 18th cent.: from obsolete French présentiment.

presentism

pres ¦ent |ism |ˈprɛz (ə )ntɪz (ə )m | ▶noun [ mass noun ] uncritical adherence to present-day attitudes, especially the tendency to interpret past events in terms of modern values and concepts. DERIVATIVES presentist adjective

presently

pres |ent ¦ly |ˈprɛz (ə )ntli | ▶adverb 1 at the present time; now: there are presently 1,128 people on the waiting list. 2 after a short time; soon: this will be examined in more detail presently. usage: Presently can mean both ‘now, at this moment ’ and ‘soon ’. Both senses go back to the Middle Ages. The former sense fell into disfavour between the 17th and 20th centuries and some traditionalists still object to it, but it is widely used and generally regarded as acceptable standard English.

presentment

presentment |prɪˈzɛntm (ə )nt | ▶noun Law a formal presentation of information to a court, especially by a sworn jury regarding an offence or other matter. ORIGIN Middle English: from Old French presentement, from presenter ‘place before ’ (see present 2 ).

present participle

pres |ent par ¦ti |ciple ▶noun Grammar the form of a verb, ending in -ing in English, which is used in forming continuous tenses, e.g. in I'm thinking, alone in non-finite clauses, e.g. in sitting here, I haven't a care in the world, as a noun, e.g. in good thinking, and as an adjective, e.g. in running water .

present value

present value (also net present value ) ▶noun Finance the value in the present of a sum of money, in contrast to some future value it will have when it has been invested at compound interest.

preservation

pres ¦er |va ¦tion |prɛzəˈveɪʃ (ə )n | ▶noun [ mass noun ] the action of preserving something: the preservation of the city's green spaces | food preservation. • the state of being preserved, especially to a specified degree: the chapel is in a poor state of preservation. ORIGIN late Middle English: via Old French from medieval Latin praeservatio (n- ), from late Latin praeservare ‘to keep ’ (see preserve ).

preservationist

pres ¦er |va ¦tion |ist |prɛzəˈveɪʃ (ə )nɪst | ▶noun a supporter or advocate of the preservation of something, especially of historic buildings and artefacts.

preservation order

preservative

pre ¦ser ¦va |tive |prɪˈzəːvətɪv | ▶noun a substance used to preserve foodstuffs, wood, or other materials against decay. ▶adjective acting to preserve something: the preservative effects of freezing. ORIGIN late Middle English: via Old French from medieval Latin praeservativus, from late Latin praeservat- ‘kept ’, from the verb praeservare (see preserve ).

preserve

pre |serve |prɪˈzəːv | ▶verb [ with obj. ] 1 maintain (something ) in its original or existing state: all records of the past were zealously preserved | (as adj. preserved ) : a magnificently preserved monastery. • retain (a condition or state of affairs ): a fight to preserve local democracy. • maintain or keep alive (a memory or quality ): the film has preserved all the qualities of the novel. • keep safe from harm or injury: a place for preserving endangered species. • keep (game or an area where game is found ) undisturbed to allow private hunting or shooting. 2 treat (food ) to prevent its decomposition. • prepare (fruit ) for long-term storage by boiling it with sugar. ▶noun 1 [ mass noun ] a foodstuff made with fruit preserved in sugar, such as jam or marmalade: a jar of cherry preserve | [ count noun ] : home-made preserves. 2 a sphere of activity regarded as being reserved for a particular person or group: the civil service became the preserve of the educated middle class. 3 chiefly N. Amer. a place where game is protected and kept for private hunting or shooting. DERIVATIVES preservable adjective, preserver noun ORIGIN late Middle English (in the sense ‘keep safe from harm ’): from Old French preserver, from late Latin praeservare, from prae- ‘before, in advance ’ + servare ‘to keep ’.

preserved lemon

pre served lem on |priˈzərvd prɪˌzərvd | ▶noun lemons or lemon slices preserved in salt and lemon juice, used as an ingredient in Moroccan cooking.

preset

pre |set |priːˈsɛt | ▶verb ( presets, presetting; past and past participle preset ) [ with obj. ] (usu. as adj. preset ) set or adjust (a value that controls the operation of a device ) in advance of its use: the water is heated quickly to a preset temperature. ▶noun a control on electronic equipment that is set or adjusted beforehand to facilitate use.

preside

pre |side |prɪˈzʌɪd | ▶verb [ no obj. ] 1 be in the position of authority in a meeting or other gathering: the prime minister will preside at an emergency cabinet meeting | (as adj. presiding ) : the sentence imposed by the presiding judge. • (preside over ) be in charge of (a place or situation ): Johnson has presided over eight matches since Beck's dismissal. 2 (preside at ) play (a musical instrument, especially a keyboard instrument ) at a public gathering. ORIGIN early 17th cent.: from French présider, from Latin praesidere, from prae ‘before ’ + sedere ‘sit ’.

presidency

presi |dency |ˈprɛzɪd (ə )nsi | ▶noun ( pl. presidencies ) 1 the office of president: the presidency of the United States. • the period of a president's office: the liberal climate that existed during Carter's presidency. 2 Christian Church the role of the priest or minister who conducts a Eucharist. ORIGIN late 16th cent.: from medieval Latin praesidentia, from praesidere ‘sit before ’ (see preside ).

president

presi |dent |ˈprɛzɪd (ə )nt | ▶noun 1 the elected head of a republican state: the Irish president | [ as title ] : President Kennedy . • the head of a society, council, or other organization: the president of the European Union. • the head of certain colleges. • N. Amer. the head of a university. • N. Amer. the head of a company. 2 Christian Church the celebrant at a Eucharist. DERIVATIVES presidential |-ˈdɛnʃ (ə )l |adjective, presidentially |-ˈdɛnʃ (ə )li |adverb, presidentship noun ( archaic )ORIGIN late Middle English: via Old French from Latin praesident- ‘sitting before ’ (see preside ).

president-elect

president-elect ▶noun ( pl. presidents-elect ) a person who has been elected president but has not yet taken up office.

Presidential Medal of Freedom

Presidential Medal of Freedom ▶noun (in the US ) a medal constituting the highest award that can be given to a civilian in peacetime.

Presidential Range

Pres i den tial Range a range in northern New Hampshire's White Mountains that includes Mount Washington, which, at 6,288 feet (1,918 m ), is the highest peak in the northeastern US.

president pro tempore

presiding officer

pre |sid ¦ing of ¦fi |cer |prɪzʌɪdɪŋˈɒfɪsə (r )| ▶noun an official in charge of a polling station at an election.

presidio

presidio |prɛˈsɪdɪəʊ | ▶noun ( pl. presidios ) (in Spain and Spanish America ) a fortified military settlement. ORIGIN Spanish, from Latin praesidium ‘garrison ’.

presidium

presidium |prɪˈsɪdɪʌm, -ˈzɪ - |(also praesidium ) ▶noun a standing executive committee in a communist country. • ( Presidium ) (in the former Soviet Union ) the committee which functioned as the legislative authority when the Supreme Soviet was not sitting. ORIGIN 1920s: from Russian prezidium, from Latin praesidium ‘protection, garrison ’ (see preside ).

Presley, Elvis

Pres |ley |ˈprɛzli | (1935 –77 ), American rock-and-roll and pop singer; full name Elvis Aaron Presley. He was the dominant personality of early rock and roll with songs such as ‘Heartbreak Hotel ’ and ‘Blue Suede Shoes ’ (both 1956 ). He also made a number of films, including King Creole (1958 ).

presoak

pre |soak |priːˈsəʊk | ▶verb [ with obj. ] soak (something ) as a preliminary process or treatment.

Presocratic

Presocratic |ˌpriːsəˈkratɪk | ▶adjective relating to or denoting the speculative philosophers active in the ancient Greek world in the 6th and 5th centuries bc (before the time of Socrates ), who attempted to find rational explanations for natural phenomena. They included Parmenides, Anaxagoras, Empedocles, and Heraclitus. ▶noun a Presocratic philosopher.

presort

pre sort |prēˈsôrt priˌsɔrt | ▶verb [ with obj. ] sort outgoing mail by zip code in order to take advantage of a cheaper rate of postage.

press

press 1 |prɛs | ▶verb 1 move or cause to move into a position of contact with something by exerting continuous physical force: [ with obj. and adverbial of direction ] : he pressed his face to the glass | [ no obj., with adverbial of direction ] : her body pressed against his. • [ with obj. ] exert continuous physical force on (something ), typically in order to operate a device: he pressed a button and the doors slid open. • [ with obj. ] squeeze (someone's arm or hand ) as a sign of affection. • [ no obj., with adverbial of direction ] move in a specified direction by pushing: the mob was still pressing forward. • (of an enemy or opponent ) attack persistently and fiercely: [ no obj. ] : their enemies pressed in on all sides. • [ no obj. ] (press on /ahead ) continue in one's action: he stubbornly pressed on with his work. 2 [ with obj. ] apply pressure to (something ) to flatten, shape, or smooth it, typically by ironing: she pressed her nicest blouse | (as adj. pressed ) : immaculately pressed trousers. • apply pressure to (a flower or leaf ) between sheets of paper in order to dry and preserve it. • extract (juice or oil ) by crushing or squeezing fruit, vegetables, etc.: (as adj. pressed ) : freshly pressed orange juice. • squeeze or crush (fruit, vegetables, etc. ) to extract the juice or oil. • manufacture (something, especially a record ) by moulding under pressure. 3 [ with obj. ] forcefully put forward (an opinion, claim, or course of action ): Rose did not press the point. • make strong efforts to persuade or force (someone ) to do something: when I pressed him for precise figures he evaded the subject | [ with infinitive ] : the marketing directors were pressed to justify their expenditure | [ no obj. ] : they continued to press for changes in legislation. • (press something on /upon ) insist that (someone ) accepts an offer or gift: he pressed dinner invitations on her. • [ no obj. ] (of time ) be in short supply, necessitating immediate action: she was almost 45 years old and time was pressing. • (be pressed ) have barely enough of something, especially time: I'm terribly pressed for time. • (be pressed to do something ) have difficulty doing or achieving something: they may be hard pressed to keep their promise. 4 [ with obj. ] Weightlifting raise (a specified weight ) by lifting it to shoulder height and then gradually pushing it upwards above the head. 5 [ no obj. ] Golf try too hard to achieve distance with a shot, at the risk of inaccuracy. ▶noun 1 a device for applying pressure to something in order to flatten or shape it or to extract juice or oil: a flower press | a wine press. • a machine that applies pressure to a workpiece by means of a tool, in order to punch shapes. 2 a printing press. • [ often in names ] a business that prints or publishes books: the Clarendon Press. 3 (the press ) [ treated as sing. or pl. ] newspapers or journalists viewed collectively: the incident was not reported in the press | [ as modifier ] : press coverage of the trial. • [ mass noun ] coverage in newspapers and magazines: there's no point in demonstrating if you don't get any press | [ in sing. ] : the government has had a bad press for years. 4 an act of pressing something: the system summons medical help at the press of a button | these clothes could do with a press. • [ in sing. ] a closely packed crowd or mass of people or things: among the press of cars he saw a taxi. • dated pressure of business. • Basketball any of various forms of close guarding by the defending team. 5 Weightlifting an act of raising a weight to shoulder height and then gradually pushing it upwards above the head. 6 chiefly Irish & Scottish a large cupboard. PHRASES go to press go to be printed. press charges see charge. press something home see home. press ( the ) flesh informal (of a celebrity or politician ) greet people by shaking hands. DERIVATIVES presser noun ORIGIN Middle English: from Old French presse (noun ), presser (verb ), from Latin pressare ‘keep pressing ’, frequentative of premere.

press

press 2 |prɛs | ▶verb [ with obj. ] 1 (press someone /thing into ) put someone or something to a specified use, especially as a temporary or makeshift measure: she was pressed into service as an interpreter. 2 historical force (a man ) to enlist in the army or navy. ▶noun historical a forcible enlistment of men, especially for the navy. ORIGIN late 16th cent.: alteration (by association with press 1 ) of obsolete prest ‘pay given on enlistment, enlistment by such payment ’, from Old French prest ‘loan, advance pay ’, based on Latin praestare ‘provide ’.

press agent

press agent ▶noun a person employed to organize advertising and publicity in the press on behalf of an organization or celebrity.

pressboard

press |board |ˈprɛsbɔːd | ▶noun [ mass noun ] chiefly N. Amer. a smooth, hard, dense board typically made from wood or textile pulp or laminated waste paper, used as an electrical insulator and for making light furniture.

pressbook

pressbook |ˈprɛsbʊk | ▶noun 1 a book of press cuttings. 2 a booklet or leaflet put together by a film producer to publicize a new film.

press box

press box ▶noun an area or room reserved for journalists at a sports event.

Pressburg

Pressburg |ˈprɛsbʊrk | German name for Bratislava.

press card

press card ▶noun an official authorization carried by a journalist, especially one that gives admission to an event.

press clipping

press clipping ▶noun a paragraph or short article cut out of a newspaper or magazine.

press conference

press con |fer |ence ▶noun an interview given to journalists by a prominent person in order to make an announcement or answer questions.

Press Council

Press Council ▶noun a body established in the UK in 1953 to raise and maintain professional standards among journalists.

press cutting

press cut |ting ▶noun Brit. a paragraph or short article cut out of a newspaper or magazine.

pressé

pressé |ˈprɛseɪ | ▶noun a drink made from freshly squeezed fruit juice, sugar, and ice: an orange pressé. ORIGIN French, ‘pressed, squeezed ’.

presser foot

press ¦er foot ▶noun the footplate of a sewing machine which holds the material down on to the part which feeds it under the needle.

press fit

press fit ▶noun technical an interference fit between two parts in which one part is forced under pressure into a slightly smaller hole in the other. DERIVATIVES press-fitted adjective

press gallery

press gal |lery ▶noun a place reserved for journalists observing the proceedings in a parliament or law court.

press gang

press gang ▶noun historical a body of men employed to enlist men forcibly into service in the army or navy. ▶verb [ with obj. ] (press-gang ) chiefly historical forcibly enlist (someone ) into service in the army or navy. • (press-gang someone into ) force someone to do something: we press-ganged Simon into playing.

pressie

pres |sie ▶noun variant spelling of prezzie.

pressing

press |ing |ˈprɛsɪŋ | ▶adjective requiring quick or immediate action or attention: inflation was the most pressing problem | he had pressing business in Scotland. • expressing something strongly or persistently: a pressing invitation. ▶noun 1 an act or instance of applying force or weight to something: pure-grade olive oil is the product of the second or third pressings. 2 a record or other object made by the application of force or weight. • a series of objects pressed at one time: the EP sold out its first pressing in one day. DERIVATIVES pressingly adverb

press kit

press kit ▶noun a package of promotional material provided to members of the press to brief them, esp. about a product, service, or candidate.

pressman

press |man |ˈprɛsmən | ▶noun ( pl. pressmen ) 1 chiefly Brit. a journalist. 2 a person who operates a printing press.

pressmark

press |mark |ˈprɛsmɑːk | ▶noun Brit. (especially in older libraries ) a mark on a library book indicating its location.

pressor

pres |sor |ˈprɛsə | ▶adjective Physiology producing an increase in blood pressure by stimulating constriction of the blood vessels: a pressor response.

press release

press re |lease ▶noun an official statement issued to newspapers giving information on a particular matter.

press run

press stud

press stud ▶noun Brit. a small fastener on clothing, engaged by pressing its two halves together.

press time

press time ▶noun the moment when a magazine or other publication goes to press.

press-up

press-up ▶noun Brit. an exercise in which a person lies facing the floor and, keeping their back straight, raises their body by pressing down on their hands.

pressure

pres |sure |ˈprɛʃə | ▶noun [ mass noun ] 1 continuous physical force exerted on or against an object by something in contact with it: the gate was buckling under the pressure of the crowd outside. • [ count noun ] the force per unit area exerted by a fluid against a surface with which it is in contact: gas can be fed to the turbines at a pressure of around 250 psi. 2 the use of persuasion or intimidation to make someone do something: backbenchers put pressure on the government to provide safeguards | [ count noun ] : the many pressures on girls to worry about their looks. • the influence or effect of someone or something: oil prices came under some downwards pressure. • a sense of stressful urgency caused by having too many demands on one's time or resources: he resigned due to pressure of work | [ count noun ] : the pressures of city life. ▶verb [ with obj. ] attempt to persuade or coerce (someone ) into doing something: it might be possible to pressure him into resigning | [ with obj. and infinitive ] : she pressured her son to accept a job offer from the bank. ORIGIN late Middle English: from Old French, from Latin pressura, from press- ‘pressed ’, from the verb premere (see press 1 ).

pressure cooker

pres |sure cook ¦er ▶noun an airtight pot in which food can be cooked quickly under steam pressure. • a highly stressful situation or assignment: an academic pressure cooker which turns teenagers into depressives. DERIVATIVES pressure-cook verb

pressure gauge

pres |sure gauge ▶noun an instrument showing the pressure of fluid: an oil pressure gauge.

pressure group

pres |sure group ▶noun a group that tries to influence public policy in the interest of a particular cause: an environmental pressure group.

pressure hull

pres |sure hull ▶noun the inner hull of a submarine, in which approximately normal pressure is maintained when the vessel is submerged.

pressure lamp

pres |sure lamp ▶noun a portable oil or paraffin lamp in which the fuel is forced up into the mantle or burner by air pressure in the reservoir, which can be increased by pumping with a plunger.

pressure point

pres |sure point ▶noun a point on the surface of the body sensitive to pressure. • a point where an artery can be pressed against a bone to inhibit bleeding.

pressure suit

pres |sure suit ▶noun an inflatable suit that protects the wearer against low pressure, for example when flying at a high altitude.

pressure vessel

pres |sure ves ¦sel ▶noun a container designed to hold material at high pressures. • an enclosed structure containing a nuclear reactor core immersed in pressurized coolant.

pressurize

pressurize |ˈprɛʃərʌɪz |(also pressurise ) ▶verb [ with obj. ] 1 produce or maintain raised pressure artificially in (a gas or its container ): the mixture was pressurized to 1,900 atmospheres | (as adj. pressurized ) : a pressurized can. • maintain a tolerable atmospheric pressure in (an aircraft cabin ) at a high altitude: (as adj. pressurized ) : a pressurized cabin. 2 [ with obj. ] attempt to persuade or coerce (someone ) into doing something: don't let anyone pressurize you into snap decisions | [ with obj. and infinitive ] : people had been pressurized to vote. DERIVATIVES pressurization |-ˈzeɪʃ (ə )n |noun

pressurized-water reactor

pressurized-water reactor (abbrev.: PWR ) ▶noun a nuclear reactor in which the fuel is uranium oxide clad in zircaloy and the coolant and moderator is water at high pressure so that it does not boil at the operating temperature of the reactor.

presswork

press |work |ˈprɛswəːk | ▶noun [ mass noun ] 1 the shaping of metal by pressing or drawing it into a shaped hollow die. 2 the process of using a printing press. • printed matter, especially with regard to its quality.

Prester John

Prester John |ˈprɛstə | a legendary medieval Christian king of Asia, said to have defeated the Muslims and to be destined to bring help to the Holy Land. ORIGIN Middle English: from Old French prestre Jehan, from medieval Latin presbyter Johannes ‘priest John ’.

prestidigitation

prestidigitation |ˌprɛstɪˌdɪdʒɪˈteɪʃ (ə )n | ▶noun [ mass noun ] formal conjuring tricks performed as entertainment. DERIVATIVES prestidigitator |-ˈteɪʃ (ə )n |noun ORIGIN mid 19th cent.: from French, from preste ‘nimble ’ + Latin digitus ‘finger ’ + -ation .

prestige

pres |tige |prɛˈstiː (d )ʒ | ▶noun [ mass noun ] widespread respect and admiration felt for someone or something on the basis of a perception of their achievements or quality: the firm has recently gained considerable prestige. • [ as modifier ] denoting something that arouses widespread respect or admiration: prestige diplomatic posts | a prestige car. DERIVATIVES prestigeful adjective ORIGIN mid 17th cent. (in the sense ‘illusion, conjuring trick ’): from French, literally ‘illusion, glamour ’, from late Latin praestigium ‘illusion ’, from Latin praestigiae (plural ) ‘conjuring tricks ’. The transference of meaning occurred by way of the sense ‘dazzling influence, glamour ’, at first depreciatory.

prestige pricing

pres |tige pri ¦cing ▶noun [ mass noun ] the practice of pricing goods at a high level in order to give the appearance of quality.

prestigious

pres |ti ¦gious |prɛˈstɪdʒəs | ▶adjective inspiring respect and admiration; having high status: a prestigious academic post. DERIVATIVES prestigiously adverb, prestigiousness noun ORIGIN mid 16th cent. (in the sense ‘practising conjuring tricks ’): from late Latin praestigiosus, from praestigiae ‘conjuring tricks ’. The current sense dates from the early 20th cent.

prestissimo

prestissimo |prɛˈstɪsɪməʊ |Music ▶adverb & adjective (especially as a direction ) in a very quick tempo. ▶noun ( pl. prestissimos ) a movement or passage marked to be performed in a very quick tempo. ORIGIN Italian, superlative of presto ‘quick, quickly ’ (see presto ).

presto

presto |ˈprɛstəʊ | ▶adverb & adjective Music (especially as a direction ) in a quick tempo. ▶noun ( pl. prestos ) Music a movement or passage marked to be performed in a quick tempo. ▶exclamation another way of saying hey presto. ORIGIN Italian, ‘quick, quickly ’, from late Latin praestus ‘ready ’, from Latin praesto ‘at hand ’.

Preston

Pres |ton |ˈprɛstən | a city in NW England, the administrative centre of Lancashire, on the River Ribble; pop. 165,600 (est. 2009 ). It was the site in the 18th century of the first English cotton mills.

Prestonpans, Battle of

Prestonpans, Battle of |ˌprɛstənˈpanz | a battle in 1745 near the town of Prestonpans just east of Edinburgh, the first major engagement of the Jacobite uprising of 1745 –6. The Jacobites routed the Hanoverians, leaving the way clear for Charles Edward Stuart's subsequent invasion of England.

prestressed

pre |stressed |priːˈstrɛst | ▶adjective strengthened by the application of stress during manufacture, especially (of concrete ) by means of rods or wires inserted under tension before the material is set. DERIVATIVES prestressing noun

Prestwick

Prest |wick |ˈprɛstwɪk | a town to the south of Glasgow in South Ayrshire, SW Scotland, the site of an international airport; pop. 14,800 (est. 2009 ).

presumably

pre |sum ¦ably |prɪˈzjuːməbli | ▶adverb [ sentence adverb ] used to convey that what is asserted is very likely though not known for certain: it was not yet ten o'clock, so presumably the boys were still at the pub.

presume

pre |sume |prɪˈzjuːm | ▶verb 1 [ with clause ] suppose that something is the case on the basis of probability: I presumed that the man had been escorted from the building | [ with obj. and complement ] : two of the journalists went missing and are presumed dead. • take for granted that something exists or is the case: the argument presumes that only one person can do the work. 2 [ no obj., with infinitive ] be arrogant or impertinent enough to do something: kindly don't presume to issue me orders in my own house. • [ no obj. ] make unjustified demands; take liberties: forgive me if I have presumed. • [ no obj. ] (presume on /upon ) unjustifiably regard (something ) as entitling one to privileges: he was wary of presuming on the close friendship between them. DERIVATIVES presumable adjective ORIGIN late Middle English: from Old French presumer, from Latin praesumere ‘anticipate ’ (in late Latin ‘take for granted ’), from prae ‘before ’ + sumere ‘take ’.

presuming

pre |sum ¦ing |prɪˈzjuːmɪŋ | ▶adjective archaic presumptuous. DERIVATIVES presumingly adverb

presumption

pre ¦sump |tion |prɪˈzʌm (p )ʃ (ə )n | ▶noun 1 an idea that is taken to be true on the basis of probability: underlying presumptions about human nature. • [ mass noun ] the acceptance of something as true although it is not known for certain: the presumption of innocence. • chiefly Law an attitude adopted in law or as a matter of policy towards an action or proposal in the absence of acceptable reasons to the contrary: the planning policy shows a general presumption in favour of development. 2 [ mass noun ] behaviour perceived as arrogant, disrespectful, and transgressing the limits of what is permitted or appropriate: he lifted her off the ground, and she was enraged at his presumption. ORIGIN Middle English: from Old French presumpcion, from Latin praesumptio (n- )‘anticipation ’, from the verb praesumere (see presume ).

presumptive

pre ¦sump |tive |prɪˈzʌm (p )tɪv | ▶adjective 1 of the nature of a presumption; presumed in the absence of further information: a presumptive diagnosis. • Law giving grounds for the inference of a fact or of the appropriate interpretation of the law. 2 another term for presumptuous. DERIVATIVES presumptively adverb ORIGIN late Middle English: from French présomptif, -ive, from late Latin praesumptivus, from praesumpt- ‘taken before ’, from the verb praesumere (see presume ).

presumptuous

pre |sump ¦tu |ous |prɪˈzʌm (p )tʃʊəs | ▶adjective (of a person or their behaviour ) failing to observe the limits of what is permitted or appropriate: I hope I won't be considered presumptuous if I offer some advice. DERIVATIVES presumptuously adverb, presumptuousness noun ORIGIN Middle English: from Old French presumptueux, from late Latin praesumptuosus, variant of praesumptiosus ‘full of boldness ’, from praesumptio (see presumption ).

presuppose

pre |sup ¦pose |priːsəˈpəʊz | ▶verb [ with obj. ] require as a precondition of possibility or coherence: their original prediction presupposed a universe only three billion years old. • [ with clause ] tacitly assume at the beginning of a line of argument or course of action that something is the case: your argument presupposes that it does not matter who is in power. ORIGIN late Middle English: from Old French presupposer, suggested by medieval Latin praesupponere, from prae ‘before ’ + supponere ‘place under ’ (see suppose ).

presupposition

pre |sup ¦pos |ition |ˌpriːsʌpəˈzɪʃ (ə )n | ▶noun a thing tacitly assumed beforehand at the beginning of a line of argument or course of action: both men shared certain ethical presuppositions about the universe. • [ mass noun ] the action or state of presupposing or being presupposed. ORIGIN mid 16th cent.: from medieval Latin praesuppositio (n- ), from the verb praesupponere (see presuppose ).

presynaptic

presynaptic |ˌpriːsɪˈnaptɪk | ▶adjective Physiology relating to or denoting a nerve cell that releases a transmitter substance into a synapse during transmission of an impulse. DERIVATIVES presynaptically adverb

American Oxford Thesaurus

presage

presage verb the owl's hooting is thought to presage death: portend, augur, foreshadow, foretell, prophesy, be an omen of, herald, be a sign of, be the harbinger of, warn of, be a presage of, signal, bode, promise, threaten; literary betoken, foretoken, forebode. ▶noun a somber presage of his final illness: omen, sign, indication, portent, warning, forewarning, harbinger, augury, prophecy, foretoken.

prescience

prescience noun the uncanny prescience of children: farsightedness, foresight, foreknowledge; psychic powers, clairvoyance; prediction, prognostication, divination, prophecy, augury; insight, intuition, perception, percipience. WORD NOTE prescience What appeals to me about this word is how you can use it to describe a predictive knowledge of the future (In retrospect, Kafka's novels strike us as having an almost eerie prescience ) without sounding as if you believe in ESP, or some other such hocus-pocus. Clairvoyance and second-sightedness are obviously quite different. Perhaps that's simply because prescience has "science " embedded in it. The word, and how we use it, seems to me to imply that, without necessarily admitting it or making a big fuss, we understand that there are many occasions on which, without any rational explanation, we know what is going to happen. — FP Conversational, opinionated, and idiomatic, these Word Notes are an opportunity to see a working writer's perspective on a particular word or usage.

prescient

prescient adjective the outcome was predicted in Leonard's prescient article: prophetic, predictive, visionary; psychic, clairvoyant; farsighted, prognostic, divinatory; insightful, intuitive, perceptive, percipient.

prescribe

prescribe verb 1 the doctor prescribed antibiotics: write a prescription for, authorize. 2 traditional values prescribe a life of domesticity: advise, recommend, advocate, suggest, endorse, champion, promote. 3 rules prescribing your duty: stipulate, lay down, dictate, specify, determine, establish, fix.

prescription

prescription noun 1 the doctor wrote a prescription: instruction, authorization; informal scrip; archaic recipe. 2 he fetched the prescription from the drug store: medicine, drugs, medication. 3 a painless prescription for improvement: method, measure; recommendation, suggestion, recipe, formula.

prescriptive

prescriptive adjective their instructions are too prescriptive: dictatorial, narrow, rigid, authoritarian, arbitrary, repressive, dogmatic.

presence

presence noun 1 the presence of a train was indicated electrically: existence, being there. ANTONYMS absence. 2 I requested the presence of a nurse: attendance, appearance; company, companionship. ANTONYMS absence. 3 a woman of great presence: aura, charisma, (strength /force of ) personality; poise, self-assurance, self-confidence. 4 she felt a presence in the castle: ghost, spirit, specter, phantom, apparition, supernatural being; informal spook; literary shade. PHRASES presence of mind I didn't have the presence of mind to read his license plate: composure, equanimity, self-possession, levelheadedness, self-assurance, calmness, sangfroid, imperturbability; alertness, quick-wittedness; informal cool, unflappability.

present

present 1 adjective 1 a doctor must be present at the ringside: in attendance, here, there, near, nearby, (close /near ) at hand, available. ANTONYMS absent. 2 organic compounds are present in the waste: in existence, existing, existent. ANTONYMS absent. 3 the present economic climate: current, present-day, existing. ANTONYMS past, future. ▶noun forget the past and think about the present: now, today, the present time /moment, the here and now. ANTONYMS past, future. PHRASES at present at present, we are offering free installation: at the moment, just now, right now, at the present time, currently, at this moment in time. for the present he can stay in the guest room, but only for the present: for the time being, for now, for the moment, for a while, temporarily, pro tem. WORD SPECTRUM: absent / present See absent Word Spectrums show shades of meaning between two polar opposites.

present

present 2 verb 1 the president presented a check to the winner: hand over /out, give (out ), confer, bestow, award, grant, accord. 2 the committee presented its report: submit, set forth, put forward, proffer, offer, tender, table. 3 may I present my wife? introduce, make known, acquaint someone with. 4 I called to present my warmest compliments: offer, give, express. 5 they presented their new product last month: demonstrate, show, put on show /display, exhibit, display, launch, unveil. 6 presenting good quality opera: stage, put on, produce, perform. 7 she presents a TV show: host, introduce, be the presenter of, emcee. 8 the authorities present him as a common criminal: represent, describe, portray, depict. PHRASES present oneself /itself 1 he presented himself at ten: be present, make an appearance, appear, turn up, arrive. 2 an opportunity that presented itself: occur, arise, happen, come about /up, appear, crop up, turn up.

present

present 3 noun a birthday present: gift, donation, offering, contribution; informal freebie; formal benefaction. CHOOSE THE RIGHT WORD present, bonus, donation, gift, gratuity, lagniappe, largesse What's the difference between a birthday present and a Christmas gift? Both words refer to something given as an expression of friendship, affection, esteem, etc. But gift is a more formal term, suggesting something of monetary value that is formally bestowed on an individual, group, or institution (a gift to the university ). Present, on the other hand, implies something of less value that is an expression of goodwill (a housewarming present; a present for the teacher ). Largesse is a somewhat pompous term for a very generous gift that is conferred in an ostentatious or condescending way, often on many recipients (the king's largesse; the largesse of our government ). A gratuity is associated with tipping and other forms of voluntary compensation for special attention or service above and beyond what is included in a charge (known for her generous gratuities, the duchess enjoyed watching the waiters compete with each other to serve her ), while a lagniappe is a Southern word, used chiefly in Louisiana and southeast Texas, for either a gratuity or a small gift given to a customer along with a purchase. If you give money or anything else as a gift to a philanthropic, charitable, or religious organization, it is known as a donation (donations for the poor ). But if your employer gives you money at the end of the year in addition to your regular salary, it isn't a Christmas gift; it's a Christmas bonus. These notes show fine distinctions in meaning between closely related synonyms to help you find the best word.

presentable

presentable adjective 1 I'm making the place look presentable: tidy, neat, straight, clean, spick and span, in good order, shipshape. 2 make yourself presentable: nicely dressed, tidily dressed, smartly dressed, tidy, well-groomed, trim, spruce; informal natty. 3 presentable videos: fairly good, passable, all right, satisfactory, moderately good, not (too ) bad, average, fair; informal OK.

presentation

presentation noun 1 the presentation of his certificate: awarding, presenting, giving, handing over /out, bestowal, granting, award. 2 the presentation of food: appearance, arrangement, packaging, disposition, display, layout. 3 the presentation of new proposals: submission, proffering, offering, tendering, advancing, proposal, suggestion, mooting, tabling. 4 a sales presentation: demonstration, talk, lecture, address, speech, show, exhibition, display, introduction, launch, launching, unveiling. 5 a presentation of his latest play: staging, production, performance, mounting, showing.

present-day

present-day adjective present-day methods are more effective as well as time-saving: current, present, contemporary, latter-day, present-time, modern, twenty-first-century; up-to-date, up-to-the-minute, fashionable, trend-setting, the latest, new, newest, newfangled; informal trendy, now.

presentiment

presentiment noun a presentiment of disaster: premonition, foreboding, intuition, (funny ) feeling, hunch, feeling in one's bones, sixth sense; archaic presage.

presently

presently adverb 1 I shall see you presently: soon, shortly, directly, quite soon, in a short time, in a little while, at any moment /minute /second, in next to no time, before long, momentarily; informal pretty soon, any moment now, in a jiffy, in two shakes of a lamb's tail; literary ere long. 2 he is presently abroad: currently, at present, at the /this moment, at the present moment /time, now, nowadays, these days.

preservation

preservation noun 1 wood preservation: conservation, protection, care. 2 the preservation of the status quo: continuation, conservation, maintenance, upholding, sustaining, perpetuation. 3 the preservation of food: conserving, bottling, canning, freezing, drying; curing, smoking, pickling.

preserve

preserve verb 1 oil helps preserve wood: conserve, protect, maintain, care for, look after. 2 they wish to preserve the status quo: continue (with ), conserve, keep going, maintain, uphold, sustain, perpetuate. 3 preserving him from harassment: guard, protect, keep, defend, safeguard, shelter, shield. 4 spices enable us to preserve food: conserve, bottle, can, freeze, dry, freeze-dry; cure, smoke, pickle. ▶noun 1 (preserves ) strawberry preserves: jam, jelly, marmalade, conserve, fruit spread. 2 the preserve of an educated middle-class: domain, area, field, sphere, orbit, realm, province, territory; informal turf, bailiwick. 3 a game preserve: sanctuary, (game ) reserve, reservation, protected area.

preside

preside verb Dorothy presides at the meeting: chair, be chairman /chairwoman /chairperson of /at, officiate (at ), conduct, lead. PHRASES preside over the chief financial officer should preside over these budget talks: be in charge of, be responsible for, be at the head /helm of, head, be head of, manage, administer, be in control of, control, direct, lead, govern, rule, command, supervise, oversee; informal head up, be boss of, be in the driver's seat of /at, be in the saddle of /at.

president

president noun 1 the president of the United States: head of state, chief executive, premier, prime minister. 2 the president of the society: head, chief, director, leader, governor, principal, master; informal prez. 3 the president of the company: chairman, chairwoman, chief executive (officer ), CEO; owner, managing director.

press

press verb 1 press the paper down firmly: push (down ), press down, depress, hold down, force, thrust, squeeze, compress. 2 his shirt was pressed: smooth (out ), iron, remove creases from. 3 we pressed the grapes: crush, squeeze, squash, mash, pulp, pound, pulverize, macerate. 4 she pressed the child to her bosom: clasp, hold close, hug, cuddle, squeeze, clutch, grasp, embrace. 5 she pressed his hand: squeeze, grip, clutch. 6 the crowd pressed around: cluster, gather, converge, congregate, flock, swarm, throng, crowd. 7 the government pressed its claim: plead, urge, advance insistently, present, submit, put forward. 8 they pressed him to agree: urge, put pressure on, force, push, coerce, dragoon, steamroller, browbeat; informal lean on, put the screws on, twist someone's arm, railroad, bulldoze. 9 they pressed for a ban on the ivory trade: call, ask, advocate, clamor, push, campaign, demand, lobby. ▶noun 1 a small literary press: publishing house, publisher; printing house /company; printing press. 2 the freedom of the press : the media, the newspapers, the papers, the news media, the fourth estate; journalists, reporters, newspapermen /newspaperwomen, newsmen /newswomen, pressmen; informal journos, newshounds, newsies. 3 the company had some bad press: (press ) reports, press coverage, press articles, (press ) reviews, media attention. PHRASES be pressed for you shouldn't schedule an interview when you are pressed for time: have too little, be short of, have insufficient, lack, be lacking (in ), be deficient in, need, be /stand in need of; informal be strapped for. press on the team regrouped and pressed on: proceed, keep going, continue, carry on, make progress, make headway, press ahead, forge on /ahead, soldier on, push on, keep on, struggle on, persevere, keep at it, stay with it, stick with it, plod on, plug away.

pressing

pressing adjective 1 a pressing problem: urgent, critical, crucial, acute, desperate, serious, grave, life-and-death. 2 a pressing engagement: important, high-priority, critical, crucial, compelling, inescapable.

pressure

pressure noun 1 confined gas exerts a constant pressure: physical force, load, stress, thrust; compression, weight. 2 they put pressure on us to borrow money: coercion, force, compulsion, constraint, duress; pestering, harassment, nagging, badgering, intimidation, arm-twisting, persuasion. 3 she had a lot of pressure from work: strain, stress, tension, trouble, difficulty; informal hassle. ▶verb they pressured him into resigning: coerce, pressurize, put pressure on, press, push, persuade, force, bulldoze, hound, harass, nag, harry, badger, goad, pester, browbeat, bully, bludgeon, intimidate, dragoon, twist someone's arm, strong-arm; informal railroad, lean on, hustle.

prestige

prestige noun she missed the prestige of the job, but not the ungodly hours of work: status, standing, stature, reputation, repute, regard, fame, note, renown, honor, esteem, celebrity, importance, prominence, influence, eminence; kudos, cachet; informal clout.

prestigious

prestigious adjective 1 prestigious journals: reputable, distinguished, respected, esteemed, eminent, august, highly regarded, well-thought-of, acclaimed, authoritative, celebrated, illustrious, leading, renowned. ANTONYMS obscure. 2 a prestigious job: impressive, important, prominent, high-ranking, influential, affluential, powerful, glamorous; well paid, expensive, upmarket. ANTONYMS minor.

presumably

presumably adverb presumably, they'll want an ocean view: I presume, I expect, I assume, I take it, I suppose, I imagine, I dare say, I guess, in all probability, probably, in all likelihood, as likely as not, doubtless, undoubtedly, no doubt.

presume

presume verb 1 I presumed that it had once been an attic: assume, suppose, dare say, imagine, take it, expect, believe, think, surmise, guess, judge, conjecture, speculate, postulate, presuppose. 2 let me presume to give you some advice: venture, dare, have the audacity /effrontery, be so bold as. PHRASES presume on he was careful not to presume on their friendship: take (unfair ) advantage of, exploit, take liberties with; count on, bank on, place reliance on.

presumption

presumption noun 1 this presumption may be easily rebutted: assumption, supposition, presupposition, belief, guess, judgment, surmise, conjecture, speculation, hypothesis, postulation, inference, deduction, conclusion. 2 he apologized for his presumption: brazenness, audacity, boldness, audaciousness, temerity, arrogance, presumptuousness, forwardness; cockiness, insolence, impudence, bumptiousness, impertinence, effrontery, cheek, cheekiness; rudeness, impoliteness, disrespect, familiarity; informal nerve, chutzpah, sass, sassiness; archaic assumption.

presumptive

presumptive adjective 1 a presumptive diagnosis: conjectural, speculative, tentative; theoretical, unproven, unconfirmed. 2 the heir presumptive: probable, likely, prospective, assumed, supposed, expected.

presumptuous

presumptuous adjective that was quite a presumptuous remark: brazen, overconfident, arrogant, bold, audacious, forward, familiar, impertinent, insolent, impudent, cocky; cheeky, rude, impolite, uncivil, bumptious; informal sassy. CHOOSE THE RIGHT WORD See bold . These notes show fine distinctions in meaning between closely related synonyms to help you find the best word.

presuppose

presuppose verb 1 this presupposes the existence of a policy-making group: require, necessitate, imply, entail, mean, involve, assume. 2 I had presupposed that theme parks make people happy: presume, assume, take it for granted, take it as read, suppose, surmise, think, accept, consider.

presupposition

presupposition noun the presupposition that all enzymes are proteins: presumption, assumption, preconception, supposition, hypothesis, surmise, thesis, theory, premise, belief, postulation.

Oxford Thesaurus

presage

presage verb the owl's hooting was thought to presage death: portend, augur, foreshadow, foretell, prophesy, be an omen of, herald, be a sign of, be the harbinger of, be a warning of, give a warning of, warn of, be an indication of, indicate, be a presage of, signal, bode, announce, promise, threaten; point to, mean, signify, spell, denote, add up to, amount to; literary betoken, foretoken, forebode, harbinger. ▶noun these symptoms were a sombre presage of his final illness: omen, sign, indication, portent, warning, forewarning, harbinger, foreshadowing, augury, signal, promise, threat, ill omen, forecast, prediction, prognostication, prophecy, straw in the wind, writing on the wall, hint; literary foretoken; archaic auspice.

prescience

prescience noun with the uncanny prescience of children, they had divined that he was a fake: far-sightedness, foresight, foreknowledge; psychic powers, clairvoyance; prediction, prognostication, divination, prophesy, augury; insight, vision, intuition, perception, percipience; Hinduism & Buddhism third eye; rare vaticination, haruspication, pythonism, prevision, psychism, adumbration.

prescient

prescient adjective much of what happened was predicted in Leonard's prescient article: prophetic, predictive, visionary; psychic, clairvoyant; far-seeing, far-sighted, with foresight, prognostic, divinatory, oracular, sibylline, apocalyptic, fateful, revelatory; insightful, intuitive, perceptive, percipient; rare foreknowing, previsional, vatic, mantic, vaticinal, vaticinatory, prognosticative, augural, adumbrative, fatidic, fatidical, haruspical, pythonic.

prescribe

prescribe verb 1 your doctor may prescribe an antibiotic: order, advise, authorize, direct. 2 traditional values prescribe a life of domesticity: advise, recommend, advocate, commend, urge, suggest, subscribe to, endorse, support, back, champion, argue for, promote. 3 two rules prescribe the nature of that duty: stipulate, lay down, dictate, specify, impose, set down, determine, establish, fix, formulate, appoint, decree, order, command, pronounce, ordain, require, direct, enjoin, make provision for, promulgate. EASILY CONFUSED WORDS prescribe or proscribe? Prescribe is sometimes confused with proscribe, but their meanings are totally different. Prescribe is a much commoner word and means either ‘issue a medical prescription ’ or ‘recommend with authority ’, as in the doctor prescribed antibiotics. Proscribe, on the other hand, is a formal word meaning ‘condemn or forbid ’, as in gambling was strictly proscribed by the authorities. These notes clear up confusion between similar-looking pairs.

prescription

prescription noun 1 the doctor wrote her a prescription for more sedatives: instruction, order, direction, authorization; informal script; archaic recipe. 2 he was asked to fetch a prescription from the chemist: medicine, drug, medication, remedy, cure, dose, treatment, preparation, mixture; archaic physic; rare medicament, medicinal, nostrum. 3 a painless prescription for improvement: method, measure; recommendation, suggestion, advice, recipe, formula, direction.

prescriptive

prescriptive adjective guidelines must avoid being too prescriptive: dictatorial, authoritarian, tyrannical, despotic; arbitrary, oppressive, repressive, coercive; insistent, dogmatic, pontifical; binding, enforceable; limiting, narrow, rigid; informal bossy. ANTONYMS free and easy; optional.

presence

presence noun 1 presence of a train on a section of track was indicated electrically: existence, being there. ANTONYMS absence. 2 I would like to request the presence of an adjudicator: attendance, attending, appearance, residence, occupancy; company, companionship; informal turning up, showing, showing up. ANTONYMS absence. 3 he was impressed by her presence: bearing, carriage, stance, deportment, comportment, attitude, posture, manner, air, guise; demeanour, mien, behaviour, conduct, dignified air /demeanour, dignified bearing, dignity. 4 a woman of presence: aura, charisma, personality, strength /force of personality, individuality, magnetism, attraction; poise, self-assurance, self-possession, self-confidence. 5 she felt a presence in the castle: ghost, spirit, spectre, phantom, vision, wraith, shadow, poltergeist, manifestation, apparition, supernatural being; Scottish & Irish bodach; W. Indian duppy; informal spook; literary shade, visitant, revenant; archaic eidolon. PHRASES presence of mind composure, equanimity, self-possession, level-headedness, aplomb, poise, assurance, self-assurance, self-control, nerve, calmness, sangfroid, countenance, collectedness, imperturbability; alertness, quickness, quick-wittedness; informal cool, unflappability.

present (stress on the first syllable)

present 1 |(stress on the first syllable )| adjective 1 a doctor must be present at the ringside: in attendance, attending, here, there, near, nearby, at hand, close /near at hand, adjacent, available, ready; accounted for. ANTONYMS absent. 2 organic compounds are present in the waste: in existence, existing, existent, extant. ANTONYMS absent. 3 in the present climate jobs are hard to come by: current, present-day, existing, contemporary, immediate; archaic instant. ANTONYMS past; future. ▶noun (the present ) forget the past and think about the present: now, today, the present time, the here and now, this day and age, the present moment, the time being. ANTONYMS past; future. PHRASES at present at present he is very angry: at the moment, just now, right now, at this time, at the present time, currently, presently, at this moment in time; in this day and age, nowadays. for the present for the present she stayed where she was: for the time being, for now, for the moment, for a while, in the meanwhile, in the meantime, provisionally, temporarily, pro tem; rare for the nonce. the present day modern times, the present age /time, nowadays, now.

present (stress on the second syllable)

present 2 |(stress on the second syllable )| verb 1 Eddy will present the cheque to the winner: hand over, give, give out, dispense, hand out, confer, bestow, award, grant, donate, gift, accord, extend, entrust, furnish. 2 the committee finally presented its report: submit, set forth, put forward, put up, proffer, offer, show, tender, advance, propose, propound, suggest, venture, bring up, broach, moot, air, ventilate, table, register, lay, lodge, introduce, move, volunteer. 3 may I present my wife? introduce, make known, acquaint someone with, make acquainted with. 4 they presented their new product at an exhibition last month: demonstrate, show, put on show /display /view, exhibit, display, introduce, launch, unveil; parade, flaunt. 5 they have a reputation for presenting good quality opera: stage, put on, put before the public, produce, mount, organize; perform, render, act. 6 she is to present a breakfast TV show: host, introduce, announce, compère, anchor, be the presenter of; N. Amer. informal emcee. 7 the authorities sought to present him as a common criminal: represent, describe, portray, depict, characterize. PHRASES present itself make the most of opportunity when it presents itself: occur, arise, happen, transpire, emerge, come about, appear, materialize, come up, crop up, pop up, turn up. present oneself he was ordered to present himself at the office at ten: be present, make an appearance, appear, attend, turn up, arrive.

present (stress on the first syllable)

present 3 |(stress on the first syllable )| noun I got him this tie as a birthday present: gift, donation, offering, contribution, handout, presentation, bestowal; largesse, alms, charity, bonus, award, premium, bounty, boon, favour; bequest, legacy, settlement; subsidy, grant, endowment, benefaction; tip, gratuity; in the Middle and Far East baksheesh; French pourboire; informal prezzie, freebie, perk, sweetener; formal perquisite; archaic conferment.

presentable

presentable adjective 1 I'm trying to make the place look presentable: tidy, neat, fit to be seen, orderly, straight, clean, spick and span, in good order, shipshape (and Bristol fashion ), in apple-pie order. 2 you'd better make yourself presentable: smartly dressed, tidily dressed, smart, tidy, of smart appearance, well groomed, dapper, elegant, trim, spruce; informal natty. 3 they have produced one or two quite presentable videos: fairly good, passable, decent, respectable, adequate, all right, satisfactory, moderately good, not (too ) bad, average, tolerable, fair; informal OK.

presentation

presentation noun 1 the presentation of his certificate took place at the conference: awarding, presenting, giving, handing over, dispensing, handing out, conferral, bestowal, granting, donation, award, according, extending, entrusting, furnishing. 2 the presentation of foods in the supermarket: appearance, arrangement, organization, packaging, exposition, disposition, display, layout. 3 let's decide what you're going to wear for your presentation to the Queen: introduction, making known, acquainting; dated debut, coming out. 4 the presentation of drastic proposals for economic reform: submission, proffering, offering, tender, tendering, advancing, proposal, propounding, suggestion, venturing, broaching, mooting, airing, ventilating, tabling, registering, introduction, moving, volunteering. 5 a sales presentation: demonstration, talk, lecture, address, speech, show, exhibition, display, introduction, launch, launching, unveiling, parading. 6 a Radio 4 presentation of his latest play: staging, production, performance, mounting, organizing, showing, show, representation, rendition.

present-day

present-day adjective current, present, contemporary, latter, latter-day, present-time, twenty-first-century, modern, latest, existing, extant, recent; up to date, up to the minute, fashionable, trendsetting, voguish, modish, the latest, new, newest, newfangled, new-fashioned; informal mod, trendy, cool, now. ANTONYMS past; future.

presentiment

presentiment noun I understood that you had some sort of presentiment of disaster: premonition, foreboding, intuition, feeling, hunch, suspicion, sneaking suspicion, feeling in one's bones, funny feeling, vague feeling, inkling, idea, sixth sense; misgiving, worry, anxiety, apprehension, apprehensiveness, fear, dread; archaic presage.

presently

presently adverb 1 I shall see you presently: soon, shortly, directly, quite soon, in a short time, in a short /little while, at any moment /minute /second, in a moment /minute /second, in less than no time (at all ), in next to no time, before long, by and by; N. Amer. momentarily; S. African just now; informal pretty soon, any moment now, before you know it, before you can say Jack Robinson, in a jiffy, in two shakes of a lamb's tail; Brit. informal in a mo; archaic or informal anon; literary ere long. 2 he is presently abroad: at present, currently, at the /this moment, at the present moment /time, now, nowadays, these days, today, in this day and age; Brit. informal at the minute.

preservation

preservation noun 1 waste tar was used in wood preservation: conservation, protection, maintenance, care, safeguarding, keeping. 2 the ruling classes were bent on preservation of the status quo: continuation, conservation, keeping up, keeping alive, keeping going, maintenance, upholding, sustaining, prolongation, perpetuation. 3 the preservation of food | the preservation of dead bodies: conserving, bottling, tinning, canning, potting, chilling, freezing, freeze-drying, quick-freezing, drying, desiccation, dehydration; curing, smoking, kippering, salting, pickling, marinating, sousing, corning, jellying, candying; embalming, mummification.

preserve

preserve verb 1 the oil helps to preserve the wood: conserve, protect, maintain, care for, take care of, look after, save, safeguard, keep. ANTONYMS damage; neglect. 2 the employers wished to preserve the status quo: continue, conserve, keep up, keep alive, keep going, maintain, continue with, uphold, sustain, prolong, perpetuate. ANTONYMS discontinue, abandon. 3 she wanted to preserve him from harassment: guard, protect, keep, defend, safeguard, secure, shelter, shield, screen, watch over. 4 spices enabled us to preserve food | I preserved the worm in alcohol: conserve, bottle, tin, can, pot, chill, freeze, freeze-dry, quick-freeze, dry, desiccate, dehydrate; cure, smoke, kipper, salt, pickle, marinate, souse, corn, jelly, candy; embalm, mummify. ANTONYMS consume, use. ▶noun 1 strawberry preserve: jam, jelly, marmalade, conserve, confection; N. Amer. dulce; French confiture. 2 high culture remains the preserve of an educated middle-class minority: domain, area, field, sphere, orbit, arena, realm, province, speciality, specialism, territory, department; informal thing, turf, bailiwick. 3 an animal preserve: sanctuary, reserve, reservation, game reserve.

preside

preside verb a chairman has to be elected to preside at the meeting: chair, take the chair, be chairman /chairwoman /chairperson, officiate (at ); conduct, run, lead, guide, moderate. PHRASES preside over be in charge of, be responsible for, be accountable for, be at the head /helm of, head, be head of, manage, administer, organize, be in control of, control, direct, lead, run, govern, rule, be boss of, head up, conduct, command, supervise, superintend, oversee, handle; informal be in the driving /driver's seat, be in the saddle, pull the strings, call the shots /tune.

president

president noun 1 the president of the United States: head of state, chief of state, elected head of a country. 2 the president of the society: head, chief, director, leader, governor, principal, master, chancellor, vice-chancellor, dean, rector, warden, provost, captain, figurehead; N. Amer. informal prexy, prex. 3 the president of the company: chairman, chairwoman; managing director, MD, chief executive (officer ), CEO, director.

press

press verb 1 press the paper firmly on to the type: push (down ), press down, thumb, depress, bear down on, lean on, lower, pin, pinion, hold down, force, ram, thrust, cram, squeeze, compress, wedge. 2 the brown suit had been brushed and pressed: smooth, iron, smooth out, remove creases from, put creases in; steam, calender. 3 tips on how to press flowers: flatten, make flat, smooth out. 4 friends come in to help us gather and press the grapes: crush, squeeze, squash, compress, mash, pulp, reduce, clamp, pack down, tamp, condense, compact, trample, stamp, tread, grind, mill, pound, pulverize, macerate. 5 she pressed the child to her bosom: clasp, hold close, hug, cuddle, squeeze, crush, enfold, clutch, grasp, embrace. 6 Winnie pressed his hand: squeeze, give something a squeeze, grip, clutch, pinch. 7 the crowd pressed round for a better view: cluster, gather; converge, congregate, flock, push forward, swarm, throng, crowd, seethe, surge, rush. 8 the government was able to press its claim for recognition: plead, urge, advance insistently, file, prefer, lodge, tender, present, place, lay, submit, put forward. 9 you should press him to undertake the most careful inquiry: urge, pressure, put pressure on, pressurize, force, drive, impel, push, coerce, nag; lean on, prevail on; dragoon into, steamroller into, browbeat into, use strong-arm tactics on, have someone do something; informal put the heat on, put the screws on, twist someone's arm, railroad into, bulldoze into. 10 workers were pressed into accepting new contracts: pressurize, pressure, push, goad, dragoon, steamroller, browbeat, importune, wheedle, cajole, sway, argue, talk; informal railroad, bulldoze. 11 our campaigns include pressing for a ban on the ivory trade: call, ask, clamour, push, make a claim, campaign; insist on, demand. PHRASES be pressed for you should never need to arrange interviews when you are pressed for time: have too little, be short of, have barely enough, have an insufficiency of, have insufficient, lack, be lacking (in ), be wanting, be deficient in, be deprived of, be low on, need, be /stand in need of; informal be strapped for. press on the team regrouped and pressed on: proceed, keep going, continue, carry on, move forward, move along, advance, make progress, make headway, press ahead, forge on /ahead, push on, go on, keep on, not give up, struggle on, hammer away, be persistent, be pertinacious, persevere, persist, keep at it, be determined, show determination, stay with it, be tenacious, go the distance, stay the course, plod on, plough on, grind away, see /follow something through; informal soldier on, hang on, plug away, peg away, stick at it, stick it out, hang in there. ▶noun 1 he printed his poems on his own press: printing press, printing machine. 2 a private press prints solely what it chooses to print: publishing house, publishing company, printing establishment /firm /business /house. 3 (the press ) rumours began to appear in the press | the freedom of the press: the media, the newspapers, the papers, the news media, journalism, the newspaper world, the newspaper business, the print media, the fourth estate; journalists, newspapermen, newsmen, newspaper women, reporters, columnists, commentariat, pressmen, presswomen; informal journos, hacks, hackettes, newshounds; N. Amer. informal newsies; dated publicists; Brit. dated Fleet Street. 4 the company has had its share of bad press: reports, press treatment, press coverage, press reporting, press articles, press reviews, press write-ups.

pressing

pressing adjective 1 a pressing problem: urgent, critical, crucial, acute, desperate, serious, grave, dire, drastic, burning, extreme, life-and-death. ANTONYMS non-urgent. 2 I have a pressing engagement: important, of the utmost importance, high-priority, pivotal, critical, crucial, compelling, demanding, necessary, key, vital; imperative, essential, of the essence; inescapable. ANTONYMS unimportant. 3 a pressing invitation to dinner: insistent, persistent, determined, resolute, tenacious, obstinate, dogged, unrelenting, importunate; repeated, unremitting, continuous, incessant, demanding, entreating, clamorous; rare exigent.

pressure

pressure noun 1 a confined gas exerts a constant pressure on the wall of its container: (physical ) force, load, stress, thrust; compression, compressing, squeezing, crushing, weight, heaviness. 2 we shall not put pressure on you to borrow money: coercion, force, compulsion, constraint, duress, oppression, enforcement, insistence, demand, entreaty, goading, pestering, provocation, harassment, nagging, harrying, badgering, intimidation, arm-twisting, pressurization, persuasion, influence. 3 she had a lot of pressure from work: strain, stress, tension, heat, burden, load, weight, drain, trouble, care, adversity, difficulty; informal hassle. ▶verb it might be possible to pressure him into resigning: coerce, pressurize, press, push, persuade, influence, force, squeeze, bulldoze, hound, harass, nag, harry, badger, goad, prod, pester, browbeat, brainwash, bully, bludgeon, intimidate, dragoon, twist someone's arm, strong-arm; bring pressure to bear on, use pressure on, put pressure on, lean on; N. Amer. blackjack; informal railroad, put the screws /squeeze on; N. Amer. informal hustle, fast-talk. WORD LINKS pressure baro- related prefix, as in barotrauma barometer, barograph device for measuring atmospheric pressure sphygmomanometer instrument for measuring blood pressure Word Links sections supply words that are related to the headword but do not normally appear in a thesaurus because they are not actual synonyms.

pressurize

pressurize verb he never tried to pressurize Buffy into buying the apple: coerce, pressure, press, push, persuade, influence, force, squeeze, bulldoze, hound, harass, nag, harry, badger, goad, prod, pester, browbeat, brainwash, bully, bludgeon, intimidate, dragoon, twist someone's arm, strong-arm; use pressure on, put pressure on, lean on, prevail on; N. Amer. blackjack; informal railroad, put the screws /squeeze on; N. Amer. informal hustle, fast-talk.

prestige

prestige noun he experienced a tremendous increase in prestige following his victory: status, standing, stature, prestigiousness, reputation, repute, regard, fame, note, renown, honour, esteem, estimation, image, account, rank, celebrity, importance, prominence, consequence, class, distinction, influence, weight, authority, supremacy, eminence, superiority; laurels, kudos, cachet; NZ mana; Indian izzat; informal clout, brownie points.

prestigious

prestigious adjective 1 his work appeared in prestigious journals of physics: reputable, distinguished, respected, esteemed, estimable, eminent, august, honoured, of high standing, of note, highly regarded, well thought of, acclaimed, authoritative, well known, in the public eye, celebrated, illustrious, leading, renowned, famed, famous. ANTONYMS disreputable; obscure. 2 a prestigious job: impressive, conferring prestige, important, prominent, exalted, high-ranking, influential, imposing, powerful, glamorous; well paid, high-end, expensive; Brit. upmarket. ANTONYMS minor, humble, lowly.

presumably

presumably adverb presumably he'll get the job: I assume, I expect, I believe, I presume, I take it, I suppose, I imagine, I dare say, I would have thought, it is to be presumed, I guess, in all probability, probably, in all likelihood, all things being equal, all things considered, as likely /like as not, doubtless, undoubtedly, no doubt, without doubt; on the face of it, apparently, seemingly.

presume

presume verb 1 I presume that it had once been an attic: assume, suppose, dare say, imagine, take it, expect, believe, think, surmise, guess, judge, trust, conjecture, speculate, postulate, posit, hypothesize, deduce, divine, infer, conclude, presuppose, take for granted, take as read. 2 let me presume to give you a word of advice: venture, dare, have the temerity, have the audacity, have the effrontery, be so bold as, make so bold as, go so far as; take the liberty of. PHRASES presume on he was wary of presuming on their friendship: take advantage of, take unfair advantage of, exploit, take liberties with; rely on, depend on, count on, bank on, reckon on, place reliance on, trust.

presumption

presumption noun 1 this presumption may be easily rebutted: assumption, supposition, presupposition, belief, thought, guess, expectation, judgement, surmise, conjecture, speculation, hypothesis, postulation, premise, generalization, inference, deduction, conclusion. 2 he apologized for his presumption in arriving without warning: brazenness, audacity, boldness, audaciousness, temerity, arrogance, egotism, front, presumptuousness, pertness, forwardness; cockiness, shamelessness, insolence, impudence, bumptiousness, impertinence, effrontery, face, cheek, cheekiness, gall; rudeness, incivility, impoliteness, disrespect, disrespectfulness, familiarity, freshness; informal nerve, neck, brass neck, chutzpah; N. Amer. informal sass, sassiness; archaic assumption.

presumptive

presumptive adjective 1 dating of these structures can only be presumptive: conjectural, speculative, tentative, suppositional, notional, hypothetical; theoretical, academic, unproven, unconfirmed. ANTONYMS definitive. 2 the heir presumptive: probable, likely, prospective, assumed, supposed, expected, predictable, awaited, anticipated; odds-on, plausible, foreseeable.

presumptuous

presumptuous adjective it's rather presumptuous to judge my character on such short acquaintance: brazen, overconfident, arrogant, egotistical, overbold, bold, audacious, pert, forward, familiar, impertinent, fresh, free, insolent, impudent, cocksure; cheeky, rude, impolite, uncivil, bumptious; overhasty, hasty, premature, previous, precipitate, impetuous; informal cocky; N. Amer. informal sassy; archaic presumptive, assumptive. ANTONYMS timid, unassuming.

presuppose

presuppose verb 1 the following course of action presupposes the existence of a policy-making group: require, necessitate, imply, entail, mean, involve, assume, suppose, have as a necessary condition, have as a precondition. 2 I had presupposed that theme parks make people happy: presume, assume, take it for granted, take it, take it as read /given, suppose, surmise, think, accept, consider, postulate, posit.

presupposition

presupposition noun he challenged the presupposition that all enzymes are proteins: presumption, assumption, preconception, preconceived idea /notion, supposition, hypothesis, surmise, speculation, guess, prediction, thesis, theory, premise, belief, suspicion, thought, argument, postulation, prejudgement.

Duden Dictionary

Presbyakusis

Pres by a ku sis Substantiv, feminin Medizin , die |Presbyak u sis |die Presbyakusis; Genitiv: der Presbyakusis griechisch-neulateinisch Altersschwerhörigkeit

Presbyopie

Pres by o pie Substantiv, feminin Medizin , die |Presbyop ie |die Presbyopie; Genitiv: der Presbyopie Altersweitsichtigkeit

Presbyter

Pres by ter Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e sbyter |kirchenlateinisch presbyter, Priester 1 Vorsteher einer Gemeinde im Urchristentum 2 evangelische Kirche Vertreter der Gemeinde im Presbyterium 1a 3 katholische Kirche lateinische Bezeichnung für: Priester 2

presbyterial

pres by te ri al Adjektiv evangelische Kirche |presbyteri a l |das Presbyterium 1a betreffend, zu ihm gehörend, von ihm ausgehend

Presbyterialverfassung

Pres by te ri al ver fas sung Substantiv, feminin evangelische Kirche , die |Presbyteri a lverfassung |evangelische [reformierte ] Kirchenordnung, nach der die Gemeinde kollegial durch Geistliche und Presbyter [innen ] 2 verwaltet wird

Presbyterianer

Pres by te ri a ner Substantiv, maskulin , der |Presbyteri a ner |englisch Presbyterian Angehöriger protestantischer Kirchen mit Presbyterialverfassung besonders in Schottland und Amerika

Presbyterianerin

Pres by te ri a ne rin Substantiv, feminin , die |Presbyteri a nerin |weibliche Form zu Presbyterianer

presbyterianisch

pres by te ri a nisch Adjektiv |presbyteri a nisch |1 evangelische Kirche die presbyteriale Verfassung, Kirchen mit presbyterialer Verfassung betreffend 2 die Presbyterianer [innen ], ihre Kirche betreffend englisch Presbyterian

Presbyterin

Pres by te rin Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e sbyterin |weibliche Form zu Presbyter 2

Presbyterium

Pres by te ri um Substantiv, Neutrum , das |Presbyt e rium |das Presbyterium; Genitiv: des Presbyteriums, Plural: die Presbyterien kirchenlateinisch presbyterium < griechisch presbytérion 1 a evangelische Kirche aus dem Pfarrer und den [gewählten ] Vertreter [inne ]n der Gemeinde bestehender Vorstand einer Kirchengemeinde b evangelische Kirche Versammlungsraum eines Presbyteriums 1a 2 a katholische Kirche Altarraum b katholische Kirche Gesamtheit der Priester einer Diözese

preschen

pre schen schwaches Verb |pr e schen |schwaches Verb; Perfektbildung mit »ist « aus dem Niederdeutschen, Umstellung aus pirschen , also eigentlich = jagen schnell, wild laufen nach Hause preschen

Preselection

Pre se lec tion Substantiv, feminin Telefonie , die |ˈpriːsilɛkʃn̩ |die Preselection; Genitiv: der Preselection, Plural: die Preselections englisch pre-selection = Vorauswahl vertragliche Bindung eines Teilnehmers, einer Teilnehmerin an einen bestimmten Anbieter im Telefonnetz

Presenter

Pre sen ter Substantiv, maskulin , der |priˈzɛntɐ |der Presenter; Genitiv: des Presenters, Plural: die Presenter englisch presenter, zu: to present = überreichen, zeigen, darlegen 1 jemand, der eine Ware vorstellt, anpreist 2 besonders EDV Fernbedienung für den Computer (bei Präsentationen mithilfe eines Beamers ); Zeigegerät

Preshave

Pre shave Substantiv, Neutrum , das |ˈpriːʃeɪv |aus englisch pre- (< lateinisch prae = vor [her ]), shave = Rasur (und lotion, Lotion )vor der Rasur zu verwendendes Gesichtswasser

Preshave-Lotion

Pre shave-Lo ti on , Pre shave lo ti on , Pre shave-Lo tion Pre shave lo tion Substantiv, feminin , die Preshavelotion |meist ˈpriːʃeɪvloʊʃn̩ meist ˈpriːʃeɪvloʊʃn̩ |Preshave

Presley

Pres ley Eigenname |Pr e sley …li |amerikanischer Sänger

press

press Adverb Ballspiele |pr e ss |eng, nah jemanden press decken

pressant

pres sant Adjektiv landschaftlich |press a nt |lateinisch-französisch eilig, dringend

pressante

pres san te Adverb Musik |press a nte |lateinisch-italienisch drängend, treibend Vortragsanweisung

Pressball

Press ball Substantiv, maskulin Fußball , der |Pr e ssball |von zwei Spielern gleichzeitig getretener, nur schwer zu berechnender Ball

Pressburg

Press burg Eigenname |Pr e ssburg |slowakisch Bratislava; Hauptstadt der Slowakei

Presse

Pres se Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e sse |die Presse; Genitiv: der Presse, Plural: die Pressen 1 a Vorrichtung, Maschine, durch die etwas unter Druck zusammengepresst, zerkleinert, geglättet oder in eine Form gepresst wird b Gerät oder Maschine, mit der durch Auspressen von Früchten eine Flüssigkeit, Saft gewonnen wird mittelhochdeutsch (wīn )presse, althochdeutsch pressa, fressa = Obstpresse, Kelter (unter Einfluss von lateinisch pressura = das Keltern ) < mittellateinisch pressa = Druck, Zwang, zu lateinisch pressum, 2. Partizip von: premere = drücken, pressen Obst in die Presse geben c (m )französisch presse, zu: presser < lateinisch pressare, Intensivbildung von: premere, Presse 1b Druckwesen veraltend Druckmaschine 2 a ohne Plural unter Anlehnung an Bedeutung 1 c Gesamtheit der Zeitungen und Zeitschriften, ihrer Einrichtungen und Mitarbeiter die Freiheit der Presse | im Spiegel der Presse | Schlagzeilen in der Presse | es stand in der Presse b ohne Plural Beurteilung von etwas durch die Presse 2a , Stellungnahme der Presse eine miserable Presse bekommen 3 umgangssprachlich abwertend Privatschule, die [schwache ] Schüler intensiv auf eine Prüfung vorbereitet

Presseagentur

Pres se agen tur Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e sseagentur |Nachrichtenagentur

Presseamt

Pres se amt Substantiv, Neutrum , das |Pr e sseamt |regierungsamtliche Stelle zur Information der Presse 2a

Presseaussendung

Pres se aus sen dung Substantiv, feminin österreichisch , die |Pr e sseaussendung |Pressemitteilung

Presseausweis

Pres se aus weis Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e sseausweis |Ausweis für Pressevertreter (innen )

Pressebericht

Pres se be richt Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e ssebericht |Bericht [in ] der Presse 2a

Presseberichterstatter

Pres se be richt er stat ter Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e sseberichterstatter |für die Presse 2a tätiger Berichterstatter

Presseberichterstatterin

Pres se be richt er stat te rin Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e sseberichterstatterin |weibliche Form zu Presseberichterstatter

Pressebüro

Pres se bü ro Substantiv, Neutrum , das |Pr e ssebüro |Büro, in dem eine Pressestelle untergebracht ist

Pressechef

Pres se chef Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e ssechef |Leiter eines Presseamts oder einer Pressestelle

Pressechefin

Pres se che fin Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssechefin |weibliche Form zu Pressechef

Pressedienst

Pres se dienst Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e ssedienst |von Pressestellen bei Parteien, Verbänden, Agenturen u. Ä. periodisch herausgegebene Sammlung von Nachrichten und Informationen

Presseempfang

Pres se emp fang Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e sseempfang |

Presseerklärung

Pres se er klä rung Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e sseerklärung |für die Presse 2a bestimmte Erklärung, Pressemitteilung b

Presseerzeugnis

Pres se er zeug nis Substantiv, Neutrum , das |Pr e sseerzeugnis |durch Drucken hergestelltes Erzeugnis der Presse 2a

Pressefoto

Pres se fo to Substantiv, Neutrum , das |Pr e ssefoto |

Pressefotograf

Pres se fo to graf , Pres se pho to graph Substantiv, maskulin , der Pressephotograph |Pr e ssefotograf Pr e ssephotograph |für die Presse 2a tätiger Fotograf

Pressefotografin

Pres se fo to gra fin , Pres se pho to gra phin Substantiv, feminin , die Pressephotographin |Pr e ssefotografin Pr e ssephotographin |weibliche Formen zu Pressefotograf , Pressephotograph

Pressefreiheit

Pres se frei heit Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssefreiheit |ohne Plural von der Verfassung garantiertes Grundrecht der Presse 2a zur Beschaffung und Verbreitung von Informationen und zur freien Meinungsäußerung

Pressegeheimnis

Pres se ge heim nis Substantiv, Neutrum , das |Pr e ssegeheimnis |Recht der Auskunftsverweigerung aller bei der Presse 2a Beschäftigten über den Verfasser oder Informanten einer Veröffentlichung

Pressegesetz

Pres se ge setz Substantiv, Neutrum , das |Pr e ssegesetz |

Pressegespräch

Pres se ge spräch Substantiv, Neutrum , das |Pr e ssegespräch |Gespräch mit der Presse 2a die Gewerkschaft lädt zum Pressegespräch

Presseinformation

Pres se in for ma ti on Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e sseinformation |a Information für die Presse 2a b Information durch die Presse 2a

Pressejargon

Pres se jar gon Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e ssejargon |für die Presse 2a typischer Jargon

Pressekampagne

Pres se kam pa g ne , Pres se kam pa gne Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssekampagne |von der gesamten Presse 2a oder bestimmten Presseorganen geführte Kampagne 1

Pressekommentar

Pres se kom men tar Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e ssekommentar |Kommentar in der Presse 2a

Pressekonferenz

Pres se kon fe renz Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssekonferenz |von einer amtlichen Stelle, einem Verband, einer Firma o. Ä. organisierte Veranstaltung, auf der [durch einen Pressesprecher, eine Pressesprecherin ] Informationen an die Presse 2a gegeben werden und von den Journalist [inn ]en Fragen gestellt werden eine Pressekonferenz einberufen

Pressekonzentration

Pres se kon zen t ra ti on , Pres se kon zen tra ti on Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssekonzentration |Konzentration der Presse 2a in wenigen, großen Verlagen

Pressekonzern

Pres se kon zern Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e ssekonzern |Unternehmen mit einer Vielzahl von Zeitungen oder Zeitschriften in großer Auflage

Presselandschaft

Pres se land schaft Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e sselandschaft |Gesamtheit der Presse 2a in ihrer Vielfalt das herrschende Meinungsprofil in der deutschen Presselandschaft

Pressemeldung

Pres se mel dung Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssemeldung |Meldung in der Presse 2a

Pressemitteilung

Pres se mit tei lung Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssemitteilung |a Pressemeldung b zur Veröffentlichung in der Presse 2a entworfener und herausgegebener Text

pressen

pres sen schwaches Verb |pr e ssen |schwaches Verb; Perfektbildung mit »hat « mittelhochdeutsch pressen, althochdeutsch pressōn < lateinisch pressare, Presse 1c 1 a durch Druck oder mit einer Presse 1a bearbeiten, eine glatte Form geben Pflanzen pressen | oft im 2. Partizip gepresstes Stroh b ausdrücken Obst pressen c herauspressen Saft aus einer Zitrone pressen d durch Herauspressen gewinnen Most pressen e pressend, durch Druck herstellen Plastikartikel pressen 2 in eine bestimmte Richtung, auf, an, durch etwas drücken jemanden an sich, sich an jemanden pressen | Gemüse durch ein Sieb pressen | die Hände vor das Gesicht pressen | figurativ etwas in ein logisches System pressen | figurativ ein gepresstes Stöhnen 3 a zu etwas zwingen jemanden zum Kriegsdienst pressen b veraltet unterdrücken, bedrängen 4 Medizin (während einer Presswehe ) die Bauchmuskulatur mit größtmöglicher Kraft anspannen, um somit eine Erhöhung des Drucks zu bewirken und dadurch den Geburtsvorgang zu unterstützen

Pressenotiz

Pres se no tiz Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssenotiz |

Presseorgan

Pres se or gan Substantiv, Neutrum , das |Pr e sseorgan |bestimmte [von einer Behörde, Partei, Institution herausgegebene ] Zeitung oder Zeitschrift

Presser

Pres ser Substantiv, maskulin umgangssprachlich , der |Pr e sser |der Presser; Genitiv: des Pressers, Plural: die Presser jemand, der andere bedrängt, zu etwas zwingt die Presser auf der Überholspur

Presserat

Pres se rat Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e sserat |Plural selten Organ der freiwilligen Selbstkontrolle der Presse

Presserecht

Pres se recht Substantiv, Neutrum , das |Pr e sserecht |1 ohne Plural Gesamtheit der die Presse 2a und besonders die Presse- und Meinungsfreiheit betreffenden Rechtsbestimmungen 2 eines der Rechte, die Angehörigen des Pressewesens zustehen die Presserechte stärken

presserechtlich

pres se recht lich Adjektiv |pr e sserechtlich |das Presserecht betreffend Zeitungsartikel presserechtlich überprüfen lassen

Pressereferent

Pres se re fe rent Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e ssereferent |journalistischer Mitarbeiter oder alleiniger Vertreter einer amtlichen oder privaten Pressestelle

Pressereferentin

Pres se re fe ren tin Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssereferentin |weibliche Form zu Pressereferent

Presserin

Pres se rin Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e sserin |die Presserin; Genitiv: der Presserin, Plural: die Presserinnen weibliche Form zu Presser

Presserummel

Pres se rum mel Substantiv, maskulin umgangssprachlich , der |Pr e sserummel |großes Aufheben, das in der Presse 2a von etwas gemacht wird bei der Filmpremiere muss mit großem Presserummel gerechnet werden

Presseschau

Pres se schau Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e sseschau |1 (in Rundfunk oder Fernsehen verlesener ) Überblick über die wichtigsten Stimmen der Presse 2 Wirtschaftsjargon für die Presse 2a bestimmte Vorführung oder vorweggenommene Besichtigung einer Modenschau, Messe o. Ä.

Pressespiegel

Pres se spie gel Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e ssespiegel |Zusammenstellung aktueller Presseberichte

Pressesprecher

Pres se spre cher Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e ssesprecher |Beamter oder Angestellter einer Behörde, Institution oder Firma, der für die an die Presse 2a zu gebenden Informationen verantwortlich ist

Pressesprecherin

Pres se spre che rin Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssesprecherin |weibliche Form zu Pressesprecher

Pressestelle

Pres se stel le Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssestelle |für die Verbindung zur Presse 2a zuständige Stelle bei einer staatlichen oder privaten Institution, Behörde, Firma u. Ä.

Pressestimme

Pres se stim me Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssestimme |meist im Plural Meinungsäußerung in einem Presseorgan Kurznachrichten und Pressestimmen zum Thema Bildungspolitik

Presseteam

Pres se team Substantiv, Neutrum , das |Pr e sseteam |Team in einer Behörde, Firma o. Ä., das für die an die Presse 2a zu gebenden Informationen verantwortlich ist

Pressetermin

Pres se ter min Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e ssetermin |vereinbartes Treffen einer Person oder von Personen des öffentlichen Interesses mit Pressevertretern

Pressetext

Pres se text Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e ssetext |zur Veröffentlichung in der Presse 2a bestimmter Text … So heißt es im offiziellen Pressetext der Stadt

Pressetribüne

Pres se tri bü ne Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssetribüne |für Pressevertreter (innen ) reservierte Tribüne bei einer größeren Veranstaltung

Presseur

Pres seur Substantiv, maskulin , der |…ˈsøːɐ̯ |der Presseur; Genitiv: des Presseurs, Plural: die Presseure lateinisch-französisch mit Gummi überzogene Stahlwalze der Tiefdruckmaschine, die das Papier an den Schriftträger presst

Presseveröffentlichung

Pres se ver öf fent li chung Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e sseveröffentlichung |in der Presse 2a veröffentlichte Meldung, Nachricht o. Ä.

Pressevertreter

Pres se ver tre ter Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e ssevertreter |Journalist, der als Vertreter einer bestimmten Zeitung oder Zeitschrift auftritt

Pressevertreterin

Pres se ver tre te rin Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssevertreterin |weibliche Form zu Pressevertreter

Pressewart

Pres se wart Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e ssewart |jemand, der für die an die Presse 2a zu gebenden Informationen eines Vereins verantwortlich ist

Pressewartin

Pres se war tin Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssewartin |weibliche Form zu Pressewart

Pressewesen

Pres se we sen Substantiv, Neutrum , das |Pr e ssewesen |ohne Plural Zeitungswesen

Pressezensur

Pres se zen sur Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssezensur |ohne Plural staatliche Zensur der in der Presse 2a zu veröffentlichenden Meldungen und Meinungen (als Einschränkung der Pressefreiheit )

Pressezentrum

Pres se zen t rum , Pres se zen trum Substantiv, Neutrum , das |Pr e ssezentrum |zentraler Bau oder mit allen wichtigen technischen Einrichtungen für den Fernsprech- und Funkverkehr eingerichtetes, den Pressevertreter [inne ]n zur Verfügung stehendes Büro bei [sportlichen ] Großveranstaltungen, Kongressen u. Ä.

Pressform

Press form Substantiv, feminin Technik , die |Pr e ssform |hohle Form, in die das zu formende Material (z. B. Glas, Kunststoff ) hineingepresst wird

pressfrisch

press frisch Adjektiv |pr e ssfrisch |

Pressglas

Press glas Substantiv, Neutrum , das |Pr e ssglas |das Pressglas < Plural: Pressgläser > durch Pressen flüssiger Glasschmelze in eine Form gefertigtes Glas [gefäß ] o. Ä.

Pressharz

Press harz Substantiv, Neutrum Technik , das Kunststoff, der sich durch Pressen formen lässt

Presshefe

Press he fe Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e sshefe |gepresste Hefe für die Bäckerei

Pressholz

Press holz Substantiv, Neutrum , das |Pr e ssholz |das Pressholz < Plural: Presshölzer > aus einzelnen Stücken oder Schichten mit Zusätzen von Kunstharzen unter Druck und Hitze gepresstes Holz

pressieren

pres sie ren schwaches Verb besonders süddeutsch, österreichisch, schweizerisch |press ie ren |schwaches Verb; Perfektbildung mit »hat « französisch presser, eigentlich = pressen < lateinisch pressare, Presse 1c a eilig, dringend sein es, die Angelegenheit pressiert | mir pressierts sehr b sich beeilen er ist sehr pressiert (eilig )

Pressing

Pres sing Substantiv, Neutrum besonders Fußball , das |Pr e ssing |das Pressing; Genitiv: des Pressings englisch pressing = das Unter-Druck-Setzen, zu: to press = unter Druck setzen, bedrängen < altfranzösisch presser < lateinisch pressare, Presse Spielweise, bei der der Gegner u. a. durch konsequente und enge Manndeckung bereits in seiner eigenen Spielhälfte stark unter Druck gesetzt und gestört wird, sodass er seinerseits keine Gelegenheit zum Angriff findet

Pression

Pres si on Substantiv, feminin bildungssprachlich , die |Pressi o n |die Pression; Genitiv: der Pression, Plural: die Pressionen französisch pression < lateinisch pressio, zu: pressum, 2. Partizip von: premere, Presse 1b Druck, Nötigung, Zwang

Presskohle

Press koh le Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e sskohle |in Formen gepresste Kohle z. B. Brikett

Presskopf

Press kopf Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e sskopf |ohne Plural aus Schweins- oder Kalbsköpfen mit Schwarten gekochte und in einen Schweinemagen oder Darm gepresste Wurst weißer, schwarzer Presskopf

Pressling

Press ling Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e ssling |gepresstes und geformtes Stück einer Masse z. B. Brikett

Pressluft

Press luft Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssluft |ohne Plural Druckluft

Pressluftbohrer

Press luft boh rer Substantiv, maskulin , der |Pr e ssluftbohrer |mit Pressluft angetriebenes Gerät zum Bohren, das besonders im Straßenbau eingesetzt wird

Pressluftflasche

Press luft fla sche Substantiv, feminin Technik , die |Pr e ssluftflasche |festes Metallgefäß, in dem Pressluft mitgeführt werden kann

Presslufthammer

Press luft ham mer Substantiv, maskulin Bauwesen , der |Pr e sslufthammer |Stoß - und Schlagwerkzeug, das durch einen von Pressluft schnell in einem Zylinder auf und ab bewegten Kolben angetrieben wird; Drucklufthammer

Pressmasse

Press mas se Substantiv, feminin Technik , die |Pr e ssmasse |aus Pressharzen, Füllstoffen, Bindemitteln u. Ä. bestehende Masse, die durch Pressen geformt und gehärtet werden kann

Presssack

Press sack , Press-Sack Substantiv, maskulin , der Press-Sack |Pr e sssack Pr e ss-Sack |ohne Plural ohne Plural Presskopf

Pressschlag

Press schlag , Press-Schlag Substantiv, maskulin Fußball , der Press-Schlag |Pr e ssschlag Pr e ss-Schlag |gleichzeitiges Treten eines Balles durch zwei Spieler

Pressspan

Press span , Press-Span Substantiv, maskulin , der Press-Span |Pr e ssspan Pr e ss-Span |Plural selten Plural selten ursprünglich beim Pressen von Tuchen verwendete Stücke (Späne ) von Pappe holzfreie, feste Pappe mit glatter, glänzender Oberfläche

Pressspanplatte

Press span plat te , Press-Span plat te Substantiv, feminin , die Press-Spanplatte |Pr e ssspanplatte Pr e ss-Spanplatte |aus Pressspan bestehende Platte 1

Pressstoff

Press stoff , Press-Stoff Substantiv, maskulin , der Press-Stoff |Pr e ssstoff Pr e ss-Stoff |

Pressstroh

Press stroh , Press-Stroh Substantiv, Neutrum , das Press-Stroh |Pr e ssstroh Pr e ss-Stroh |zu festen Ballen gepresstes Stroh

Pressung

Pres sung Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e ssung |

Pressure-Group

Pres sure-Group, Pres sure group Substantiv, feminin , die Pressuregroup |ˈprɛʃɐgruːp ˈprɛʃɐgruːp |die Pressure-Group; Genitiv: der Pressure-Group, Plural: die Pressure-Groups die Pressuregroup; Genitiv: der Pressuregroup, Plural: die Pressuregroups englisch pressure group, aus: pressure = Druck und group = Gruppe Interessengruppe, die [mit Druckmitteln ] besonders auf Parteien, Parlament und Regierung Einfluss zu gewinnen sucht; Lobby 2

Presswehe

Press we he Substantiv, feminin Medizin , die |Pr e sswehe |meist im Plural im fortgeschrittenen Stadium der Geburt eintretende Wehe, bei der die Gebärende durch Anspannung der Bauchmuskulatur den Vorgang der Geburt unterstützen kann

Presswurst

Press wurst Substantiv, feminin , die |Pr e sswurst | Presskopf

Presti

Pres ti |Pr e sti |Plural von Presto

Prestige

Pres ti ge Substantiv, Neutrum bildungssprachlich , das |…ˈtiːʒə …ˈtiːʃ |das Prestige; Genitiv: des Prestiges französisch prestige, eigentlich = Blendwerk, Zauber < spätlateinisch praestigium, zu: praestringere = blenden, verdunkeln Ansehen oder Geltung einer Person, einer Gruppe, einer Institution o. Ä. in der Öffentlichkeit sein Prestige wahren | es geht um ihr Prestige

Prestigedenken

Pres ti ge den ken Substantiv, Neutrum , das am Prestige [gewinn ] orientiertes Denken

Prestigefrage

Pres ti ge fra ge Substantiv, feminin , die Frage des Prestiges das ist [für sie ] eine Prestigefrage

Prestigegewinn

Pres ti ge ge winn Substantiv, maskulin , der Gewinn an Prestige

Prestigegrund

Pres ti ge grund Substantiv, maskulin , der meist im Plural das Prestige betreffender [Beweg ]grund etwas aus Prestigegründen tun

Prestigeobjekt

Pres ti ge ob jekt Substantiv, Neutrum , das Sache, Errungenschaft o. Ä., die Prestige verschaffen soll ein neuer Flugzeugträger als [bloßes ] Prestigeobjekt

Prestigeprojekt

Pres ti ge pro jekt Substantiv, Neutrum , das Projekt, das Prestige verschaffen soll

Prestigesache

Pres ti ge sa che Substantiv, feminin , die

prestigeträchtig

pres ti ge träch tig Adjektiv Prestigegewinn versprechend ein prestigeträchtiges Projekt

Prestigeverlust

Pres ti ge ver lust Substantiv, maskulin , der Verlust an Prestige

Prestissimi

Pres tis si mi |Prest i ssimi |Plural von Prestissimo

prestissimo

pres tis si mo presto |prest i ssimo |

Prestissimo

Pres tis si mo Substantiv, Neutrum Musik , das |Prest i ssimo |das Prestissimo; Genitiv: des Prestissimos, Plural: die Prestissimos und Prestissimi 1 äußerst schnelles Tempo 2 Musikstück mit der Tempobezeichnung »prestissimo «

presto

pres to Adverb Musik |pr e sto |Adverb; (Komparativ : ) più presto, (Superlativ : ) prestissimo italienisch presto < lateinisch praesto = bei der Hand schnell, in eilendem Tempo

Presto

Pres to Substantiv, Neutrum Musik , das |Pr e sto |das Presto; Genitiv: des Prestos, Plural: die Prestos und Presti 1 schnelles, eilendes Tempo 2 Musikstück mit der Tempobezeichnung »presto «

French Dictionary

près

près adv. adverbe Proche. : Il habite tout près. SYNONYME à côté ; à deux pas ; à proximité . LOCUTIONS À cela près Excepté cela. : Il pratique tous les sports, à cela près qu ’il déteste le curling. SYNONYME mis à part ; sauf . À peu de chose (s ) près Presque. : L ’économie des douze pays de la zone euro est à peu de chose près équivalente à celle des États-Unis. À peu près Approximativement. : Un total de 125 élèves à peu près. SYNONYME environ ; presque . De près À proximité. : J ’ai vu cet ours polaire de près. Près de À proximité, dans le voisinage. : Elle se plaça près de moi. Il est près de midi. Note Technique Cette locution marque la proximité de lieu ou de temps. Près de Environ, un peu moins de. : Il y a près de 20 ans qu ’il est venu dans ce pays. Il y a près de 20 pommiers à côté de la maison. Près de + infinitif. Sur le point de. : Elle était près de changer d ’avis. Note Syntaxique Cette expression ne doit pas être confondue avec prêt, qui signifie « disposé à » et qui se construit avec la préposition à. Elle est prête à changer d ’avis.

présage

présage n. m. nom masculin Signe heureux ou malheureux par lequel on juge de l ’avenir. : Cette éclaircie est un bon présage. Je ne crois pas qu ’un chat noir soit un mauvais présage.

présager

présager v. tr. verbe transitif 1 Annoncer par des signes. : La réduction des stocks, qui ont atteint leur niveau le plus bas depuis une décennie, laisse présager un redémarrage de la production. Ces longues délibérations ne présagent rien de bon. SYNONYME augurer ; indiquer ; préfigurer . 2 Prévoir l ’issue de quelque chose. : Nous ne pouvions présager que les résultats seraient si bons. Note Syntaxique Ce verbe se construit avec un complément direct. changer Conjugaison Le g est suivi d ’un e devant les lettres a et o. Il présagea, nous présageons.

presbyte

presbyte adj. et n. m. et f. adjectif et nom masculin et féminin Qui est atteint de presbytie. : Une personne presbyte qui doit chausser ses lunettes pour lire. Des presbytes. ANTONYME myope . Note Orthographique presb y te.

presbytère

presbytère n. m. nom masculin Maison du curé dans une paroisse. Note Orthographique presb y tère.

presbytie

presbytie n. f. nom féminin Défaut de l ’œil qui distingue mal les objets proches. Note Technique À l ’opposé, la myopie est le défaut de l ’œil qui distingue mal les objets éloignés. Note Orthographique presb ytie.

préscolaire

préscolaire adj. adjectif Qui précède la scolarité obligatoire.

prescriptible

prescriptible adj. adjectif droit Sujet à la prescription. : Des droits prescriptibles. ANTONYME imprescriptible .

prescriptif

prescriptif , ive adj. linguistique Se dit d ’une attitude consistant à recommander un usage linguistique en fonction de critères socioculturels, à le considérer comme prestigieux en raison de la classe qui l ’utilise et à l ’imposer au détriment des autres usages. SYNONYME normatif . Norme prescriptive. linguistique Usage valorisé par une communauté linguistique. Note Technique Alain Rey, directeur de la rédaction du Grand Robert de la langue française, oppose à la norme prescriptive la norme objective, qui désigne l ’usage courant dans une communauté linguistique.

prescription

prescription n. f. nom féminin 1 Ordre détaillé, recommandation, conseil thérapeutique émanant d ’un médecin. Note Technique Quand la prescription est sous forme écrite, il s ’agit d ’une ordonnance. 2 Ordre détaillé. : Les prescriptions de la loi en ce qui a trait aux droits d ’auteur. SYNONYME disposition ; règle . Note Sémantique Ne pas confondre avec les noms suivants: • commandement, ordre; • instruction, indication précise pour l ’exécution d ’un ordre; • précepte, règle de conduite; • proscription, condamnation. 3 droit Temps au bout duquel on ne peut plus poursuivre l ’exécution d ’une obligation. : Il y a prescription après dix ans. FORME FAUTIVE prescription. Impropriété au sens de ordonnance (d ’un médecin ).

prescrire

prescrire v. tr. , pronom. verbe transitif 1 Ordonner. : Prescrire des règlements internes. 2 Recommander vivement. : Le médecin a prescrit des antibiotiques. SYNONYME préconiser . verbe pronominal S ’éteindre, devenir périmé par prescription. : Ces droits se prescrivent après un certain délai. Note Grammaticale À la forme pronominale, le participe passé de ce verbe s ’accorde toujours en genre et en nombre avec son sujet. Ces poursuites se sont finalement prescrites. Note Sémantique Ne pas confondre avec le verbe proscrire, condamner, interdire. écrire INDICATIF PRÉSENT Je prescris, tu prescris, il prescrit, nous prescrivons, vous prescrivez, ils prescrivent. IMPARFAIT Je prescrivais. PASSÉ SIMPLE Je prescrivis. FUTUR Je prescrirai. CONDITIONNEL PRÉSENT Je prescrirais. IMPÉRATIF PRÉSENT Prescris, prescrivons, prescrivez. SUBJONCTIF PRÉSENT Que je prescrive. IMPARFAIT Que je prescrivisse. PARTICIPE PRÉSENT Prescrivant. PASSÉ Prescrit, ite.

préséance

préséance n. f. nom féminin Droit de précéder quelqu ’un. : Cette souveraine a préséance sur les autres invités.

présence

présence n. f. nom féminin Le fait pour une personne, une chose d ’être dans un lieu déterminé. : Comment expliquer la présence de cette personne ici? LOCUTIONS En présence Face à face. : Les forces en présence. SYNONYME en opposition . En présence de En face de. : Il a signé en présence d ’un témoin. SYNONYME devant . Faire acte de présence. Être présent pendant quelques instants seulement. : Je vais faire acte de présence au cocktail et revenir aussitôt au bureau, car j ’ai trop de travail. Jetons de présence. Somme accordée aux membres des conseils d ’administration.

présent

présent , ente adj. et n. m. et f. adjectif et nom masculin et féminin Qui est dans le lieu dont on parle, dans le temps où nous sommes. : Le temps présent. Elle est ici présente. Que les présents se lèvent! ANTONYME absent . Note Syntaxique Contrairement à l ’adjectif absent, l ’adjectif présent peut se construire avec la préposition à suivie d ’un nom de lieu. Il était présent à la réunion. nom masculin 1 Partie du temps correspondant au moment où l ’on parle. : Vivre dans le présent. ANTONYME futur ; passé . 2 littéraire Cadeau. : De jolis présents. SYNONYME don ; offrande . LOCUTIONS À présent Maintenant. : Il n ’était pas là, mais il est arrivé à présent. À présent que Maintenant que. Note Syntaxique La locution se construit avec un verbe au présent. À présent qu ’elle est en vacances, elle peut aller jouer. Quand le verbe est à un temps du passé, on préférera la locution conjonctive maintenant que. Maintenant que le projet a été approuvé... Jusqu ’à présent. Jusqu ’à aujourd ’hui. : Jusqu ’à présent (et non *à date, *jusqu ’à date ), on pouvait remettre des travaux écrits à la main. À compter d ’aujourd ’hui, on devra les faire à l ’ordinateur.

présentable

présentable adj. adjectif Qui a un bon aspect, une belle présentation. : Ce devoir n ’est pas présentable, il est rempli de ratures et d ’erreurs. SYNONYME acceptable ; convenable .

présentateur

présentateur présentatrice n. m. et f. nom masculin et féminin Personne qui présente un spectacle, une émission, un produit.

présentation

présentation n. f. nom féminin 1 Action de présenter. : Permettez-moi de faire les présentations. 2 Action de faire connaître. : La présentation d ’un film. 3 Manière de présenter. : Une présentation originale.

présentement

présentement adv. adverbe En ce moment, actuellement. : Présentement, elle est absente, mais elle arrivera bientôt. SYNONYME maintenant . Note Technique Cet adverbe demeure usuel au Québec et dans la francophonie canadienne, mais il n ’appartient plus à l ’usage courant de la majorité des locuteurs du français.

présenter

présenter v. tr. , intr. , pronom. verbe transitif 1 Faire connaître une personne à une autre, en donnant son nom, sa qualité. : Permettez-moi de vous présenter mon frère. 2 Offrir. : Il lui a présenté ses félicitations enthousiastes. 3 Montrer, exposer. : Le Musée des beaux-arts présente une exposition de Magritte. 4 Comporter. : Cette recherche présente quelques embûches. verbe intransitif familier Présenter bien, présenter mal. Faire bonne, mauvaise impression. : Elle a été engagée; elle présente bien. Note Syntaxique Cette construction est critiquée. Dans la langue soutenue, on dira plutôt: elle a une bonne présentation. verbe pronominal 1 Se faire connaître à quelqu ’un. : Je ne me suis pas présentée, je suis Paule Dubois. 2 Se proposer, poser sa candidature à un poste, à une élection. : Se présenter comme candidat. SYNONYME porter . 3 Subir. : Se présenter à un examen. SYNONYME passer . 4 Apparaître, survenir. : L ’affaire se présente bien. 5 Survenir. : Je viendrai te voir si l ’occasion se présente. Note Grammaticale À la forme pronominale, le participe passé de ce verbe s ’accorde toujours en genre et en nombre avec son sujet. Elles se sont présentées aux tests linguistiques. aimer

présentoir

présentoir n. m. nom masculin Dans un établissement commercial, dispositif à l ’aide duquel les produits sont mis en valeur. : Les nouveaux articles sont disposés sur un présentoir (et non un *rack ).

préservatif

préservatif n. m. nom masculin Dispositif utilisé comme contraceptif. : Le condom est le préservatif masculin le plus courant. FORME FAUTIVE préservatif. Anglicisme au sens de agent de conservation.

préservation

préservation n. f. nom féminin Action de préserver. : La préservation des espèces en voie de disparition. SYNONYME protection ; sauvegarde .

préserver

préserver v. tr. verbe transitif 1 Mettre à l ’abri de, sauver d ’un mal. : Cet imperméable te préservera de la pluie. 2 par extension Protéger. : Il faut préserver l ’environnement. aimer

présidence

présidence n. f. nom féminin 1 Fait de présider. : Il est chargé de la présidence du colloque. 2 Fonction de président. : Elle assure la présidence de cet organisme.

président

président présidente n. m. f. féminin et nom masculin Personne qui préside une assemblée, une société, un pays, etc. : Le président d ’une entreprise, d ’un organisme, la présidente d ’un conseil d ’administration. J. F. Kennedy a été président des États-Unis. Michelle Bachelet est présidente de la République du Chili. Note Orthographique présid e nt, contrairement au participe présent invariable, présidant.

président-directeur général

président -directeur général présidente -directrice générale n. m. et f. nom masculin et féminin Abréviations P.-D.G., p.-d.g., PDG, pdg. Personne qui préside le conseil d ’administration d ’une entreprise et assume sa direction générale. Note Technique Attention à la place du trait d ’union entre les deux noms.

présidentiel

présidentiel , ielle adj. adjectif Qui est relatif au président. : Le bureau présidentiel. Note Orthographique présiden t iel.

présider

présider v. tr. verbe transitif direct Remplir les fonctions de président. : Il présidait la réunion. Elle préside son entreprise avec dynamisme. verbe transitif indirect Veiller à, organiser. : Ils présidèrent au succès de la rencontre. Note Syntaxique Au sens de veiller à, le verbe se construit avec la préposition à. aimer

présomptif

présomptif , ive adj. adjectif Désigné à l ’avance. : Charles est l ’héritier présomptif de la couronne d ’Angleterre. Note Sémantique Ne pas confondre avec le mot présomptueux qui qualifie une personne téméraire.

présomption

présomption n. f. nom féminin 1 Jugement fondé sur des apparences, non sur des preuves. SYNONYME supposition . 2 Témérité, confiance excessive en ses possibilités. SYNONYME prétention ; suffisance .

présomptueux

présomptueux , euse adj. adjectif Qui est trop confiant en soi, téméraire. SYNONYME prétentieux ; suffisant . Note Sémantique Ne pas confondre avec le mot présomptif, qui est désigné d ’avance.

présonorisation

présonorisation n. f. nom féminin Interprétation simulée (d ’une chanson, d ’un texte, etc. ) qui a déjà fait l ’objet d ’un enregistrement sonore. : Chanter en présonorisation (et non en *lip-sync, en *play-back ). Note Technique Ce nom a fait l ’objet d ’une recommandation officielle pour remplacer l ’anglicisme *play-back.

presque

presque adv. adverbe À peu près. : Presque tous les élèves sont présents. Dans presque une heure, nous serons partis. Note Grammaticale L ’élision ne se fait que devant le mot île. Presqu ’île.

presqu’île

presqu ’île n. f. nom féminin Île reliée à la terre par une langue de terrain. Note Technique Lorsque la presqu ’île est d ’une grande étendue, on emploie le nom péninsule.

pressage

pressage n. m. nom masculin 1 Action de presser. : Le pressage d ’un jus de fruits. 2 Action de presser à la vapeur, dans un établissement où l ’on fait le nettoyage des vêtements. : Faire faire un pressage (et non un *pressing ). Note Sémantique Ne pas confondre avec le nom repassage, action de presser avec un fer à repasser.

pressant

pressant , ante adj. adjectif 1 Urgent. : Un besoin pressant de médicaments. 2 Insistant. : Une demande pressante. SYNONYME impératif .

press-book

press-book FORME FAUTIVE Anglicisme pour dossier de presse.

pressé

pressé , ée adj. et n. m. adjectif 1 Qui a été pressé pour en extraire le jus. : Une orange fraîchement pressée. 2 Qui doit être fait sans délai, en toute hâte. : Un travail pressé. SYNONYME pressant ; urgent . nom masculin Ce qui est le plus important, le plus urgent. : Il faut parer au plus pressé.

presse

presse n. f. nom féminin 1 Machine destinée à comprimer un corps ou à y laisser une impression. : Une presse à imprimer, une presse à perforer du métal. 2 Le journalisme. : La liberté de la presse. Note Technique Par extension, on dit également presse parlée, écrite, télévisée. 3 au pluriel Maison d ’édition. : Les Presses universitaires. LOCUTION Mettre sous presse. Faire imprimer (un ouvrage ). : Nous mettons (et non *allons ) sous presse aujourd ’hui.

presse-

presse- élément Les mots composés avec l ’élément presse- s ’écrivent avec un trait d ’union. Au pluriel, l ’élément presse-, qui est un verbe, est invariable, tandis que le second élément est parfois variable, parfois invariable. : Presse-papiers.

presse-bouton

presse-bouton adj. (pl. presse-bouton ou presse-boutons ) adjectif Entièrement automatique. : Une production presse-bouton. Des usines presse-boutons.

presse-citron

presse-citron n. m. (pl. presse-citrons ) nom masculin Ustensile servant à extraire le jus des citrons, des oranges. Note Grammaticale Ce nom composé était invariable, mais le mot citron prend maintenant la marque du pluriel selon la règle habituelle.

presse-fruit(s)

presse-fruit (s ) n. m. (pl. presse-fruits ) nom masculin invariable Appareil servant à extraire le jus des fruits.

pressentiment

pressentiment n. m. nom masculin Sentiment instinctif d ’un évènement à venir. : Madeleine a eu le pressentiment qu ’un incident pénible allait se passer. « J ’eus un pressentiment que je pourrais bien ne jamais la revoir » (Gabrielle Roy , La Détresse et l ’Enchantement ). SYNONYME intuition ; prémonition .

pressentir

pressentir v. tr. verbe transitif 1 Deviner confusément. : Pressentir un drame. SYNONYME prévoir . 2 Prendre contact avec quelqu ’un. : Il a été pressenti (et non *contacté ) par le parti écologique. On l ’a pressenti pour la présidence. sortir INDICATIF PRÉSENT Je pressens, tu pressens, il pressent, nous pressentons, vous pressentez, ils pressentent. IMPARFAIT Je pressentais. PASSÉ SIMPLE Je pressentis. FUTUR Je pressentirai. CONDITIONNEL PRÉSENT Je pressentirais. IMPÉRATIF PRÉSENT Pressens, pressentons, pressentez. SUBJONCTIF PRÉSENT Que je pressente. IMPARFAIT Que je pressentisse. PARTICIPE PRÉSENT Pressentant. PASSÉ Pressenti, ie.

presse-papier(s)

presse-papier (s ) n. m. (pl. presse-papiers ) nom masculin invariable 1 Petit objet lourd posé sur des documents pour éviter qu ’ils ne se dispersent. : Des presse-papiers amusants. Un presse-papiers ou presse-papier de cristal. 2 informatique Zone de la mémoire vive qui sert à stocker temporairement des données que l ’utilisateur veut transférer d ’un logiciel d ’application à un autre ou d ’un endroit d ’un document à un autre (GDT ). : Le presse-papiers est utilisé dans les opérations de copier-coller et de couper-coller.

presse-purée

presse-purée n. m. (pl. presse-purée ou presse-purées ) nom masculin invariable Passoire servant à préparer des purées de légumes.

presser

presser v. tr. , intr. , pronom. verbe transitif 1 Serrer avec force pour extraire un liquide. : Presser un citron, des raisins. SYNONYME compresser ; comprimer . 2 Exercer une pression sur. : Presser un bouton. SYNONYME appuyer . Note Technique Si l ’on doit appuyer fortement sur quelque chose, on emploie alors le mot peser . Pèse sur cette manette pour actionner le mécanisme. 3 Insister. : Je le pressai d ’agir. SYNONYME engager . 4 Accélérer. : Presser le pas. SYNONYME brusquer ; hâter . verbe intransitif Être urgent. : Le temps presse, il faut partir. Voyons! on a tout le temps: rien ne presse. Note Syntaxique En ce sens, le verbe est intransitif, c ’est-à -dire qu ’il n ’a pas de complément direct ni indirect. La construction avec la préposition de ou en est fautive. Cela ne presse pas (et non *nous n ’en pressons pas ). verbe pronominal 1 Se hâter. : Elles se sont pressées pour arriver à temps. SYNONYME dépêcher . 2 Se serrer, se tasser. : Ils se sont pressés autour de leurs joueurs de hockey préférés. Note Grammaticale À la forme pronominale, le participe passé de ce verbe s ’accorde toujours en genre et en nombre avec son sujet. Les spectateurs se sont pressés pour apercevoir l ’illustre visiteur. aimer

pressing

pressing n. m. nom masculin Anglicisme utilisé en France pour désigner un établissement où l ’on nettoie et repasse les vêtements. SYNONYME nettoyeur .

pression

pression n. f. nom féminin 1 Poussée. : Une pression de la main suffit. 2 Contrainte morale. : Trop de pression s ’exerce sur lui. Il est sous pression. 3 physique Force qui agit sur une surface donnée. : La pression atmosphérique. LOCUTIONS Être sous pression. figuré Être tendu, stressé. Faire pression. Insister. : Ses parents ont fait pression sur elle pour qu ’elle fasse ce choix. Note Grammaticale Dans cette expression, le mot pression demeure au singulier. Pression artérielle. Pression exercée par le sang sur les parois des artères. : Une pression artérielle (et non *sanguine ) normale. SYNONYME tension artérielle . FORMES FAUTIVES basse pression. Calque de « low pressure » pour hypotension . haute pression. Calque de « high pressure » pour hypertension . mettre de la pression sur quelqu ’un. Calque de « to put pressure on someone » pour faire pression sur quelqu ’un. pression sanguine. Calque de « blood pressure » pour pression artérielle, tension artérielle.

pressoir

pressoir n. m. nom masculin Presse qui sert à extraire le jus des raisins, des olives, etc.

pressurer

pressurer v. tr. verbe transitif 1 Soumettre au pressoir des fruits pour en extraire le jus. : Pressurer des raisins. SYNONYME écraser ; presser . 2 figuré Prélever des impôts, des taxes à l ’excès. SYNONYME exploiter ; saigner . aimer

pressurisation

pressurisation n. f. nom féminin Mise sous pression normale.

pressuriser

pressuriser v. tr. verbe transitif Maintenir l ’intérieur d ’un avion à une pression définie. aimer

prestance

prestance n. f. nom féminin Aspect imposant d ’une personne. SYNONYME allure .

prestataire

prestataire n. m. et f. nom masculin et féminin Personne qui reçoit une prestation. : Les prestataires de l ’aide sociale.

prestation

prestation n. f. nom féminin 1 droit Action de prêter serment. 2 économie Forme d ’activité économique consistant en la fourniture d ’un service contre paiement. : La prestation d ’un service comptable, bancaire. 3 au pluriel Versements ou fournitures qui ont pour objet l ’indemnisation d ’un risque social ou qui, d ’une façon plus générale, sont destinés à assurer la sécurité économique de leur bénéficiaire (Recomm. off. ). : Les prestations de vieillesse. 4 Action de se produire en public. : Les joueurs de cette équipe de football ont fait une excellente prestation. Note Technique L ’emploi du nom en ce sens est critiqué par certains auteurs.

preste

preste adj. adjectif Prompt et agile. : Des acrobates prestes et bien exercés. SYNONYME rapide ; vif .

prestement

prestement adv. adverbe Vivement. : Les voleurs à la tire disparurent prestement.

prestidigitateur

prestidigitateur , trice n. m. et f. nom masculin et féminin Personne qui a une grande dextérité manuelle et qui exécute des tours d ’adresse. Note Sémantique Ne pas confondre avec le nom illusionniste, créateur d ’illusion.

prestidigitation

prestidigitation n. f. nom féminin Art du prestidigitateur.

prestige

prestige n. m. nom masculin 1 Attrait exercé par une personne, une chose. : Une image de prestige. 2 Pouvoir d ’imposer le respect, l ’admiration. : Le prestige de ce chercheur.

prestigieux

prestigieux , ieuse adj. adjectif Qui a du prestige. : Un chercheur prestigieux. SYNONYME admirable . Note Orthographique prestigieu x.

presto

presto adv. adverbe 1 musique Très vite. 2 familier Rapidement.

presto

presto FORME FAUTIVE Marque déposée pour autocuiseur.

présumé

présumé , ée adj. adjectif Censé, réputé. : Il est présumé innocent. Une amie présumée.

présumément

présumément FORME FAUTIVE Anglicisme pour probablement, vraisemblablement.

présumer

présumer v. tr. verbe transitif direct 1 Supposer, donner quelque chose comme probable. : Nous présumons que cet employé était de bonne foi. Un symptôme qui laisse présumer une maladie grave. SYNONYME croire . 2 Croire. : On peut logiquement présumer que le maire n ’a pas lancé une telle initiative sans s ’assurer du soutien de la population. Vous viendrez ce soir, je présume. verbe transitif indirect Se faire une trop haute idée de. : Ne présumez pas de votre santé. SYNONYME surestimer . Note Syntaxique En ce sens, le verbe se construit avec la préposition de. aimer

présupposé

présupposé n. m. nom masculin Ce qui est supposé préalablement à une action, à une démarche.

présupposer

présupposer v. tr. verbe transitif 1 Supposer préalablement. : Avant toute chose, je présuppose que vous partagez mon point de vue. 2 Nécessiter au préalable. : L ’augmentation des étudiants admis présuppose le recrutement de nouveaux professeurs. aimer

Spanish Dictionary

presa

presa nombre femenino 1 Persona, animal o cosa que resulta cazado, robado o atrapado, especialmente si es con violencia o lucha :el águila se abalanzó sobre su presa; el conejo y la perdiz llenan los campos de cultivo y sirven de presa al hombre y a muchos otros animales; la araña teje la red con que captura a sus presas .2 Muro grueso construido a través de un río, arroyo o canal para embalsar agua o reconducirla fuera de su cauce :están construyendo una nueva presa en el río para almacenar agua .SINÓNIMO dique .3 Depósito natural o artificial de agua en un punto del curso de una corriente :construyeron la presa para aumentar el caudal del río a partir de ella .SINÓNIMO represa .4 Depósito artificial de agua, construido generalmente cerrando la boca de un valle mediante un dique que retiene el agua de un río o de la lluvia para utilizarla en el riego, abastecer poblaciones o producir energía :fuimos a bañarnos a la presa .SINÓNIMO embalse, pantano .5 Conducto o canal por donde se conduce el agua derivada de una corriente natural para que pueda ser aprovechada mediante ruedas de molino o un sistema parecido :en esa zona se conserva una presa del sistema de aguas romano de 110 m de largo por 5 m de alto .6 En los deportes de lucha, lance en que un luchador sujeta al contrario para inmovilizarlo o derribarlo .hacer presa i Agarrar, sujetar, apresar :el águila hizo presa de un cervatillo; el fuego hizo presa en sus ropas .ii Arraigar [un sentimiento o un mal ] en una persona :la indecisión hace presa de ti: no ves clara tu forma de actuar y la persona que amas tampoco te transmite seguridad; el miedo y el pánico hicieron presa en la ciudad; la crisis del petróleo hacía presa de la frágil economía del país .presa de + algo Víctima de algo (un estado de ánimo, un sentimiento, una enfermedad …) que se padece de forma desmedida :presa de los celos; presa de un lánguido sopor; su cuerpo sudoroso se agitaba dolorosamente, presa de un misterioso maleficio; presa de un ataque de nervios, cometió un crimen pasional; regresó a su ciudad presa de una enfermedad que había contraído en el trópico . VÉASE ave de presa; perro de presa .

presagiar

presagiar verbo transitivo 1 Anunciar [alguien ] un hecho futuro por simple intuición o por conjeturas a partir de ciertos indicios :el ritmo con el que se llegó al descanso fue lento y no presagiaba una buena segunda parte del partido; todos los síntomas permitían al médico presagiar que el niño se curaría .SINÓNIMO vaticinar .2 Ser [algo ] un indicio que permite conjeturar un hecho futuro :el cielo está cargado de nubarrones pardos que presagian un aguacero de verano .SINÓNIMO anunciar . Conjugación [12 ] como cambiar .

presagio

presagio nombre masculino 1 Acción de anunciar un hecho futuro a partir de la interpretación de ciertos indicios o por simple intuición :los agoreros presagios de sus consejeros habían despertado en el rey una profunda preocupación .SINÓNIMO predicción, profecía, vaticinio .2 Señal o indicio que se interpreta como el anuncio de un hecho futuro :el poco pelo que tenía en la cabeza era presagio de una calvicie segura .SINÓNIMO vaticinio .

presbicia

presbicia nombre femenino Anomalía o defecto del ojo que consiste en la imposibilidad de ver con claridad los objetos próximos y que se debe a la rigidez del cristalino :la presbicia, conocida popularmente como “vista cansada ”, es más frecuente en personas de edad avanzada .

présbita

présbita adjetivo /nombre común [persona ] Que padece presbicia .SINÓNIMO présbite .

présbite

présbite adjetivo /nombre común Présbita .

presbiterado

presbiterado nombre masculino 1 Cargo, dignidad o estado del presbítero o sacerdote .SINÓNIMO sacerdocio .2 Tercera de las órdenes sacerdotales mayores de la iglesia católica por la cual el diácono recibe la dignidad y atribuciones propias del presbítero o sacerdote .SINÓNIMO sacerdocio .

presbiterianismo

presbiterianismo nombre masculino Doctrina religiosa protestante muy próxima al calvinismo que tuvo su origen en Escocia en el siglo xvi ; se caracteriza por otorgar la suprema autoridad eclesiástica al conjunto de los sacerdotes y a algunos ancianos laicos que son elegidos para ello .

presbiteriano, -na

presbiteriano, -na adjetivo 1 Del presbiterianismo o relacionado con él .2 adjetivo /nombre masculino y femenino [persona ] Que profesa el presbiterianismo :James era sobre todo un victoriano, un descendiente de presbiterianos irlandeses .

presbiterio

presbiterio nombre masculino 1 Espacio en torno al altar mayor de una iglesia que a veces está elevado sobre la nave y rodeado por una barandilla :en el presbiterio se han instalado dos reclinatorios .2 Reunión de los presbíteros o sacerdotes con el obispo .

presbítero

presbítero nombre masculino Hombre que ha recibido la tercera de las órdenes sacerdotales mayores que otorgan las iglesias católica, ortodoxa y anglicana y que tiene entre sus funciones principales celebrar misa, anunciar el Evangelio, administrar los distintos sacramentos (excepto la confirmación ) y orientar espiritualmente a sus fieles .SINÓNIMO sacerdote .

presciencia

presciencia nombre femenino Conocimiento de las cosas futuras .

prescindible

prescindible adjetivo Que no es o no se considera necesario o que permite que se prescinda de él :personal prescindible; este es un trámite que puede resultar perfectamente prescindible .ANTÓNIMO imprescindible, indispensable .

prescindir

prescindir verbo transitivo Renunciar a una persona o una cosa, o dejar de contar con ella :para ahorrar tendremos que prescindir de algunos caprichos; el jefe decidió prescindir de su secretaria .ETIMOLOGÍA Préstamo (s. xvi ) del latín praescindere ‘separar ’, y en el sentido de separación mental ‘prescindir ’, derivado de scindere ‘escindir ’. De la familia etimológica de escindir (V.).

prescribir

prescribir verbo transitivo 1 Ordenar o decidir la obligatoriedad de una cosa :del despacho inquisitorial se prescribían fusilamientos sumarísimos; la única exigencia inderogable es la observancia de ciertas reglas democráticas de comportamiento que prescriben un recíproco respeto entre las distintas fuerzas políticas en competencia .2 Mandar u ordenar [el médico ] que un paciente se tome un medicamento o siga un determinado tratamiento :prescribir un somnífero; prescribir reposo absoluto .3 verbo intransitivo Perder efectividad o valor [un derecho, una acción o una responsabilidad ] por haber transcurrido el tiempo fijado por la ley :el derecho de usufructo prescribe con la muerte del beneficiario .ETIMOLOGÍA Préstamo (s. xiv ) del latín praescribere ‘escribir al frente ’, ‘poner como título ’, ‘mencionar de antemano ’, de donde se han desarrollado las acepciones modernas. De la familia etimológica de escribir (V.).El participio es prescrito .

prescripción

prescripción nombre femenino 1 Acción de prescribir :el manejo y prescripción de aquella droga requería de facultativos serios .2 Efecto de prescribir :no tiene para él sentido el procurar atenerse a prescripciones de escuela o a estimaciones dictadas por la moda del día .

prescriptible

prescriptible adjetivo formal Que puede perder vigencia o validez :conforme a lo que se dispone en ese artículo, son prescriptibles tanto el capital como las pensiones de los censos .ANTÓNIMO imprescriptible .

prescriptivo, -va

prescriptivo, -va adjetivo Que prescribe :normas prescriptivas; implementación de currículos prescriptivos .

prescrito, -ta

prescrito, -ta participio Participio irregular de prescribir . También se usa como adjetivo :esta multa ha prescrito hace cinco días; por parte del médico, el conocimiento del fármaco prescrito debe ir más allá del nombre comercial del mismo .

presea

presea nombre femenino 1 Joya u objeto precioso .2 nombre femenino Amér Medalla que se otorga al ganador de una competición .

preselección

preselección nombre femenino 1 Selección previa :se presentó a las pruebas de preselección; en la preselección se da preferencia a los funcionarios con mayor grado de antigüedad .2 Sistema automático que facilita la selección anticipada de las diversas funciones de un aparato eléctrico :el video que mostramos tiene funciones de preselección de programas y horario .3 Conjunto de deportistas seleccionados entre otros muchos del que saldrá la selección definitiva :este ha sido el primer jugador de la preselección colombiana de baloncesto que queda descartado para el Mundial .

preseleccionar

preseleccionar verbo transitivo Efectuar una preselección :no era posible preseleccionar un teléfono móvil concreto; preseleccionará los trabajos de los candidatos .

presencia

presencia nombre femenino 1 Circunstancia de estar presente o de existir alguien o algo en determinado lugar :agradecieron al escritor su presencia en el programa; tuvo que solicitar la presencia de un mensajero en el pueblo para que recogiera el escrito; en Canadá, más del 90 \% de las tierras no se pueden cultivar, debido a la presencia de hielo durante gran parte del año .ANTÓNIMO ausencia .2 Apariencia o aspecto externo de alguien o algo :es un hombre maduro pero tiene una presencia admirable; en la feria ganadera se exhibieron toros de muy buena presencia .3 Buen aspecto externo de alguien o algo :para el banquete, preparan platos con presencia; para el trabajo de recepcionista se requiere presencia .en presencia de Estando presente la persona o cosa que se especifica :solamente hablaré en presencia de mi abogado; no se decidía a encender el cigarrillo, como si le diera reparo fumar en nuestra presencia .presencia de ánimo Tranquilidad o serenidad que demuestra una persona ante un acontecimiento, ya sea adverso o próspero :los tres hijos demostraron gran presencia de ánimo el día del entierro de su padre . VÉASE acto de presencia .

presencial

presencial adjetivo 1 Que implica la presencia de algo o alguien :organizan cursos presenciales y cursos a distancia .2 [persona ] Que presencia determinado acontecimiento :todos mostraron interés por la aventura del robo, y Carlos, único testigo presencial, lo refirió con todo detalle .

presenciar

presenciar verbo transitivo 1 Ver [una persona ] un suceso o acontecimiento en el momento y el lugar en el que ocurre :la policía busca algún testigo que presenciara el accidente .2 Ver, formando parte del conjunto de espectadores, un espectáculo o acontecimiento :más de 10 000 personas presenciaron el recital de Luciano Pavarotti; la media de telespectadores que presenciaron la final del Mundial superó el 40 \%. Conjugación [12 ] como cambiar .

presenil

presenil adjetivo [estado, fenómeno ] Que tiene apariencia senil pero que se detecta antes de la senectud :demencia presenil; cataratas preseniles .

presenilidad

presenilidad nombre femenino Vejez prematura .

presentable

presentable adjetivo Que es apto para ser mostrado públicamente :se siente inferior, se da cuenta de que culturalmente se ha quedado atrás, que no es socialmente presentable, que se ha abandonado como persona; la misión del restaurador consiste en dejar las obras destinadas al culto aseadas y presentables para que los fieles puedan venerarlas .ANTÓNIMO impresentable .

presentación

presentación nombre femenino 1 Acción de presentar o presentarse :la presentación de un disco; la presentación de un libro; el club hará la presentación de sus jugadores en el próximo partido; el partido en la oposición prepara la presentación de una moción de censura contra el presidente del gobierno; la presentación del cantante fue un espectáculo .2 Manera de ser o estar presentada una cosa :la presentación de un regalo es importante; era un producto con una presentación lujosa; en una carta, tan importante como el contenido de la misma es su aspecto y presentación .3 Fiesta litúrgica con que la iglesia católica conmemora que la Virgen María fue presentada por sus padres en el templo :la presentación se celebra el 21 de noviembre .En esta acepción suele escribirse con mayúscula .4 Manera de encajarse el feto en la pelvis, según la parte que presenta en el momento del parto :presentación de cara; presentación cefálica; presentación de nalgas .5 Arte o técnica de realizar una obra teatral con gran propiedad y perfección .6 inform Forma de inscripción de los datos, dibujos y otras imágenes en la pantalla de una computadora, una calculadora, etc. :presentación digital; presentación luminosa .

presentador, -ra

presentador, -ra nombre masculino y femenino Persona que presenta un programa de televisión, radio o un espectáculo o acto público, en especial si se dedica a ello profesionalmente :el presentador de un concurso de televisión; la famosa actriz actuó como presentadora de la velada benéfica .

presentar

presentar verbo transitivo 1 Poner algo de manera que pueda ser visto, examinado o juzgado por alguien con detenimiento :la defensa presentó una prueba documental que constará en acta .2 Mostrar [algo o alguien ] unas características o rasgos determinados :el enfermo presenta muy buen aspecto; una de las adaptaciones especiales que presentan los mamíferos es el cuidado y la protección de sus crías; el ozono presenta su máxima concentración entre los 15 y los 35 km .3 Hacer [alguien ] que una persona conozca a otra, dando su nombre e indicando de quien se trata :tu vecina, la que me presentaste ayer, me saludó al pasar .4 Dar a conocer una cosa al público :el diseñador presentó sus creaciones de primavera; el escritor ha presentado un nuevo libro .5 Conducir un espectáculo o un programa de televisión o de radio, haciendo comentarios o anunciando al público los artistas que van a participar y las actuaciones que se van a realizar :el periodista presenta las noticias en televisión .6 Ofrecer o recomendar a una persona para ejercer un cargo o un empleo :el comité lo ha presentado como candidato a presidente; se presenta a senador; el candidato manifestó su intención de no presentarse a las elecciones generales .7 Depositar un documento oficial ante el organismo correspondiente :presentar una solicitud; presentar una instancia judicial .8 Colocar provisionalmente una cosa en un lugar para ver cómo queda, antes de ponerla de manera definitiva :presentar un cuadro en una pared .9 presentarse verbo pronominal Aparecer [una persona ] en un lugar o ante otra persona, especialmente si se hace de manera inesperada :el estudiante se presentó en la clase cuando estaba a punto de acabar .10 presentarse Ofrecerse [una persona ] voluntariamente para hacer una cosa :se presentó en el hospital cuando se enteró de que necesitaban donantes de sangre .11 presentarse Comparecer [una persona ] ante un jefe o una autoridad :presentarse al general; deberá presentarse a la policía cada día; se presentó ante el tribunal para declarar lo que sabía .12 presentarse Mostrarse o aparecer [una cosa ] de una manera determinada :el fenómeno se presenta en raras ocasiones .13 presentarse Empezar a mostrar [una cosa ] un determinado aspecto o apariencia :el verano se presenta caluroso; el día se presenta lluvioso .14 presentarse Darse a conocer [una persona ] a otra sin que intervenga ningún mediador, indicándole el nombre y otras circunstancias que contribuyan a su identificación . VÉASE presentar armas; presentar batalla ; presentar excusas; presentar mis respetos .

presente

presente adjetivo /nombre común 1 [persona ] Que está en un lugar al mismo tiempo que la persona que habla o de la que se habla, o en el momento en que sucede una cosa :había varias personas presentes cuando ocurrió el robo; anunció su dimisión ante los presentes; ―Julián Pérez. ―¡Presente! ANTÓNIMO ausente .2 adjetivo Que se encuentra o existe en un lugar determinado :en las 32 novelas escritas por Galdós estaban presentes las características de la vida cotidiana de todas las clases sociales; las especies más abundantes son las gramíneas, presentes en toda la llanura pampeana .ANTÓNIMO ausente .3 Que existe, ocurre o se usa en el momento mismo en que se habla :momentos presentes; circunstancia presente; sigue con atención y preocupación los acontecimientos presentes .SINÓNIMO actual .4 nombre masculino Época o tiempo en que se está cuando se habla, en oposición al pasado y al futuro :nosotros vivimos en el presente .5 nombre masculino /adjetivo Tiempo verbal que indica que la acción expresada por el verbo se realiza en el mismo momento en que se habla .presente histórico Tiempo verbal presente que se utiliza para narrar un hecho histórico pasado :la historia utiliza el presente histórico para narrar los acontecimientos del pasado; en la frase ‘Fernando III gana Sevilla para la corona de Castilla en el siglo xiii ’ se usa el presente histórico .6 adjetivo [escrito ] Que se hace en este momento o del que se trata actualmente :el presente relato; la presente carta; en el presente escrito; por la presente .Se usa antepuesto al nombre .7 nombre masculino Cosa que se da voluntariamente en señal de agradecimiento o afecto :no aceptaré presentes, ni lo hará en mi nombre cualquier otro hombre o mujer, por cualquier simulación o maniobra .SINÓNIMO regalo .hacer presente Recordar o comunicar una cosa a una persona .mejorando lo presente formal Expresión que se emplea por cortesía cuando se alaba a una persona que no está presente delante de otra .tener presente Recordar o tener en cuenta a una persona o cosa :te será muy útil tener presente mi consejo . VÉASE de cuerpo presente; funeral de cuerpo presente; participio de presente . ETIMOLOGÍA Préstamo (s. xiii ) del latín praesens, praesentis, participio de praesse ‘estar presente ’. De la familia etimológica de ser (verbo ) (V.).

presentimiento

presentimiento nombre masculino Sensación o sospecha de que algo va a ocurrir :aquel mensaje terminaba de dar razón a mis confusos presentimientos .SINÓNIMO corazonada, pálpito .

presentir

presentir verbo transitivo Tener [una persona ] la sensación de algo o de que va a ocurrir algo, sin tener pruebas reales que lo confirmen :presentí el fin; se presentía la tormenta; presentí con horror que él no se había ido a ningún lugar, que podía estar allí .ETIMOLOGÍA Préstamo (s. xvi ) del latín praesentire, derivado de sentire ‘sentir ’. De la familia etimológica de sentir (verbo ) (V.). Conjugación [35 ] como hervir .

preservación

preservación nombre femenino Protección o cuidado sobre alguien o algo para conservar su estado y evitar que sufra un daño o un peligro :la preservación de la naturaleza; se batieron en una dura lucha por la preservación de su identidad cultural .

preservar

preservar verbo transitivo Proteger o resguardar a alguien o algo, intentando conservar su estado, de un daño o peligro :el mar es un elemento esencial para preservar la vida sobre el planeta; el pañuelo con que Cinthia se preservaba del sol voló hasta el mismo punto central de la plaza .

preservativo, -va

preservativo, -va adjetivo 1 Que sirve para proteger o resguardar de una enfermedad o un mal .2 nombre masculino Funda muy fina y elástica, hecha de látex u otra materia similar, que se coloca en el pene al realizar el coito; sirve para impedir que la mujer quede embarazada y para prevenir el contagio de enfermedades de transmisión sexual .SINÓNIMO condón, profiláctico .

presidencia

presidencia nombre femenino 1 Acción de presidir :la presidencia de la empresa; la presidencia de la reunión .2 Cargo o función de presidente :el afamado político ejerce la presidencia del gobierno .3 Tiempo que dura este cargo :la reforma del los estatutos del club se realizó durante la presidencia de Álvarez .4 Oficina o edificio que ocupa un presidente :la empresa tiene la presidencia en la capital .

presidenciable

presidenciable adjetivo /nombre común [persona ] Que puede llegar a ser presidente o candidato a presidente :el presidenciable prometió llegar hasta el final en la proxima contienda electoral .

presidencial

presidencial adjetivo Del presidente o de la presidencia o relacionado con ellos :coche presidencial; elecciones presidenciales .

presidencialismo

presidencialismo nombre masculino Régimen político propio de los estados republicanos en el que el presidente es también jefe del gobierno; se caracteriza por que el presidente es elegido por sufragio universal y no por el parlamento :la ordenación de Estados Unidos es la de presidencialismo .

presidencialista

presidencialista adjetivo 1 Del presidencialismo o relacionado con este régimen político .2 adjetivo /nombre común [persona ] Que es partidario del presidencialismo .

presidente, -ta

presidente, -ta nombre masculino y femenino 1 Persona que preside o dirige un gobierno, una reunión, una empresa, un tribunal, etc. :la presidenta de Nicaragua; presidente del congreso de los diputados; presidenta del jurado .2 nombre femenino coloquial Esposa del presidente .Es una forma en retroceso .

presidiario, -ria

presidiario, -ria nombre masculino y femenino Persona que cumple condena en un establecimiento penitenciario :los presidiarios con algunos conocimientos organizaban cursos de capacitación para el resto de sus compañeros .SINÓNIMO preso, recluso .

presidio

presidio nombre masculino 1 Establecimiento penitenciario en el que los penados sufren condenas impuestas por los tribunales superiores al arresto .SINÓNIMO penal, penitenciaría .2 Situación en la que se encuentran las personas que cumplen una condena judicial :fue condenado a tres años de presidio .ETIMOLOGÍA Préstamo (s. xvi ) del latín praesidium ‘protección ’, ‘guarnición, puesto militar ’, derivado de praesidere ‘estar sentado delante de ’. Las acepciones relacionadas con ‘establecimiento penitenciario ’ proceden de ‘guarnición que se pone en una plaza ’, especialmente las de Marruecos porque allí se enviaba a los condenados por delitos graves. De la familia etimológica de sentar (V.).

presidir

presidir verbo transitivo 1 Dirigir, en calidad de persona habilitada para ese fin, las tareas de un gobierno, una reunión, una empresa, un tribunal, etc. :presidió el gobierno de la nación durante cinco años; el juez presidirá el juicio; el industrial español preside un grupo de empresas textiles con filiales en América .2 Estar colocada [una cosa ] en el lugar más importante de un espacio :el cuadro de la familia preside el comedor .3 Predominar o destacar [una cosa ] sobre las demás :su obra estaba presidida por las ideas del amor y de la revolución .ETIMOLOGÍA Préstamo (s. xvii ) del latín praesidere ‘estar sentado al frente ’, derivado de sedere ‘estar sentado ’. De la familia etimológica de sentar (V.).

presidium

presidium nombre masculino Comisión política del Comité Central del Partido Comunista de la extinta Unión Soviética y de otros países .SINÓNIMO politburó .

presierra

presierra nombre femenino Estribaciones de una sierra :es abundante en la presierra, llanos, zonas húmedas y laderas frescas .

presilla

presilla nombre femenino 1 Anilla de tela, hilo o cordón que se cose en el borde de una prenda de vestir para pasar por ella un botón o enganchar un cierre :el corchete se engancha en la presilla .2 Costura que se hace en el borde de un ojal para que la tela no se abra .

presintonía

presintonía nombre femenino 1 Dispositivo de un receptor de radio que memoriza la frecuencia de emisión y la sintoniza automáticamente .2 Frecuencia que queda memorizada en un receptor de radio .

presión

presión nombre femenino 1 Acción de apretar o presionar :para abrirlo hay que hacer presión sobre la tapa; fue emocionante sentir la presión de aquella mano en la mía .2 Fuerza que ejerce un gas, un líquido o un sólido sobre una superficie :la unidad que mide la presión es el pascal; las calderas de vapor aprovechan la presión del vapor como fuerza motriz .presión arterial o presión sanguínea o presión venosa Presión que ejerce la sangre al circular por los vasos sanguíneos :el médico le ha dicho que tiene la presión arterial muy alta .También simplemente presión .SINÓNIMO tensión .presión atmosférica Presión que ejerce la atmósfera sobre la superficie de la Tierra :la presión atmosférica se mide en milibares; las depresiones son áreas de baja presión atmosférica que atraen a los vientos .presión osmótica Presión que ejercen sobre el tabique semipermeable las sustancias entre las cuales se produce la ósmosis :el agua y las sales minerales entran en la raíz por la fuerza de succión de la planta, conocida como presión osmótica .3 Influencia que se ejerce sobre alguien para determinar sus actos o su conducta :presión psicológica; en este trabajo estoy sometido a mucha presión; las decisiones de los jurados no siempre son limpias: hay presiones, compromisos, consignas, recomendaciones …4 En el fútbol y otros deportes de equipo, acoso constante sobre uno o varios contrarios para dificultar sus jugadas :la pertinaz presión de los defensas rojiblancos complicó el desarrollo del juego atacante de sus rivales .SINÓNIMO pressing .presión fiscal econ Relación que hay entre los ingresos de la hacienda pública y el producto nacional bruto de un país :el gobierno ha decidido disminuir la presión fiscal . VÉASE grupo de presión; olla a presión .

presionar

presionar verbo transitivo /verbo intransitivo 1 Hacer fuerza o presión sobre una cosa :el gas presiona las paredes del globo; presione cualquier tecla para continuar .2 Ejercer influencia sobre alguien para determinar sus actos o su conducta :lo presionaron para que dejara el cargo; es ilegal presionar sobre los electores para que no hagan uso de su derecho, lo ejerciten contra su voluntad o descubran el secreto de voto .3 En el fútbol y otros deportes de equipo, acosar de manera constante a uno o varios contrarios para dificultar sus jugadas :el delantero chileno no dejaba de presionar a los defensas rivales en cuanto intentaban iniciar una jugada desde su área .4 En determinados deportes, dominar al rival atacando y llevando la iniciativa de manera insistente :en la segunda mitad, continuó presionando muy fuerte el equipo local, mientras que el visitante se dedicaba a contragolpear .

preso, -sa

preso, -sa participio 1 Participio irregular de prender :meter preso a alguien; está preso de los compromisos familiares .2 nombre masculino y femenino Persona que cumple condena en un establecimiento penitenciario :preso político; a través de aquellos barrotes negros se reflejaba en su rostro todo el desamparo de un preso .SINÓNIMO recluso .ETIMOLOGÍA Voz patrimonial del latín prensus, participio de prehendere ‘coger ’. De la familia etimológica de prender (V.).

presonorización

presonorización nombre femenino Técnica usada en cine, televisión y espectáculos en directo que consiste en reproducir el sonido de los números musicales y canciones, previamente grabado, mientras el cantante o el bailarín simula interpretarlo .SINÓNIMO play-back .

presoterapia

presoterapia nombre femenino Terapia para mejorar los problemas de circulación en las extremidades .

pressing

pressing nombre masculino En el fútbol y otros deportes de equipo, acoso constante sobre uno o varios contrarios para dificultar sus jugadas :los jugadores locales practicaron un pegajoso pressing que impidió la precisión de los desplazamientos largos a los delanteros rivales .SINÓNIMO presión .Se pronuncia aproximadamente ‘presin ’.

prestación

prestación nombre femenino 1 Acción de prestar un servicio, una ayuda, etc .2 Servicio o ayuda que una persona, una institución o una empresa ofrece a otra :relación de medicamentos excluidos de las prestaciones farmacéuticas de la Seguridad Social; el ministro negó que el Plan de Gestión vaya a significar un recorte de las prestaciones .prestación personal Conjunto de servicios que por exigencia de la autoridad han de prestar los vecinos de una localidad en trabajos de utilidad común .SINÓNIMO azofra .3 Conjunto de características técnicas que una máquina ofrece al usuario :los nuevos modelos de computadoras ofrecen grandes prestaciones .Se usa más en plural .

prestado

prestado Palabra que se utiliza en la locución de prestado , que significa:(i )Con cosas prestadas o disfrutando de un favor o de algo prestado :vivo de prestado en casa de unos conocidos .(ii )De modo provisional :estoy en este trabajo de prestado porque el titular de la plaza está de baja .

prestador, -ra

prestador, -ra adjetivo /nombre masculino y femenino Que presta, especialmente dinero :empresa prestadora; se cobran intereses por los préstamos, independientemente de quienes sean el prestador y el prestatario .

prestamente

prestamente adverbio Con brevedad y prontitud :sus sabios jefes fueron sensibles al acierto con el que había cumplido su misión, y fue prestamente llamado a más altas empresas .

prestamista

prestamista nombre común Persona que se dedica a prestar dinero cobrando por ello un interés :los Fugger, de Augsburgo, primero mercaderes y luego propietarios de minas de cobre y plata y banqueros, fueron los prestamistas oficiales de los Habsburgos .

préstamo

préstamo nombre masculino 1 Acción de prestar :en la ficha consta la fecha en la que se ha efectuado el préstamo .2 Cantidad de dinero u otra cosa que se presta :el banco le concedió el préstamo sin demasiadas exigencias .3 Elemento léxico que una lengua toma de otra, especialmente una palabra :la palabra ‘azúcar ’ es un préstamo del árabe .

prestancia

prestancia nombre femenino 1 Aspecto distinguido y elegante :un hombre con prestancia .2 Excelencia o superioridad de una persona o cosa entre otras de su misma clase :es un autor que en sus obras supo tratar figuras de tan noble prestancia como la del profeta bíblico Moisés; Smetana supo fundar sobre la música popular un arte de noble prestancia .

prestar

prestar verbo transitivo 1 Dar una cosa a una persona para que la use durante un tiempo y después la devuelva :prestar dinero; prestar un libro .2 Dar o conceder lo que se expresa :prestar apoyo; prestar asistencia; prestar auxilio; prestar servicio; prestar juramento .3 Comunicar o transmitir lo que se expresa :prestar impulso .4 Tener u observar lo que se expresa :prestar atención; prestar silencio .5 prestarse verbo pronominal Ofrecerse [una persona ] o mostrarse dispuesta voluntariamente para hacer una cosa :no quiso prestarse a su juego .6 prestarse Dar motivo u ocasión para que ocurra una cosa :sus palabras se prestan a malentendidos . VÉASE prestar oídos .

prestatario, -ria

prestatario, -ria adjetivo /nombre masculino y femenino [persona ] Que toma algo a préstamo, especialmente dinero :el prestatario deberá pagar intereses que se saldarán junto con la deuda .

preste

preste nombre masculino 1 formal Sacerdote que oficia una ceremonia litúrgica .2 Bol, Ecuad Persona, generalmente de un pueblo, que se hace cargo de todos los gastos que ocasiona la celebración de una fiesta religiosa local .

presteza

presteza nombre femenino Habilidad y rapidez para hacer o decir una cosa :barajaba las cartas con gran presteza .

prestidigitación

prestidigitación nombre femenino Conjunto de trucos y habilidades con los que se hacen juegos de manos y cosas sorprendentes y extraordinarias como hacer aparecer y desaparecer objetos y personas, descubrir cosas ocultas, etc. :un número de prestidigitación; asombrosos juegos de prestidigitación .SINÓNIMO ilusionismo, magia .

prestidigitador, -ra

prestidigitador, -ra nombre masculino y femenino Persona que hace juegos de manos y otros trucos de magia, en especial si se dedica a ello profesionalmente :el prestidigitador hizo desaparecer una paloma; Alí era mago, un prestidigitador magnífico, un preciso y sutil profesional .SINÓNIMO ilusionista, mago .

prestigiar

prestigiar verbo transitivo Dar prestigio o buena fama a alguien o algo :el propósito primordial de estos programas era más que nada prestigiar al patrocinador como padrino de causas culturales . Conjugación [12 ] como cambiar .

prestigio

prestigio nombre masculino Buena fama o buena opinión que se forma una colectividad sobre una persona o una cosa :un intelectual de prestigio; esta marca de motos tiene prestigio internacional .

prestigioso, -sa

prestigioso, -sa adjetivo 1 Que tiene prestigio :es habitual colaborador de esta prestigiosa publicación; su clasificación es una de las más prestigiosas .2 Que da prestigio :casi toda forma de saber reclama para sí el calificativo de científica, presuponiendo que ello es bueno, prestigioso y clarificador .

prestissimo

prestissimo adverbio mús Se emplea como acotación interpretativa para indicar que un fragmento o una pieza deben ejecutarse de la manera más rápida posible .Se pronuncia ‘prestísimo ’.

presto, -ta

presto, -ta adjetivo 1 Que es muy rápido en actuar :se busca una solución presta .2 Que está preparado y dispuesto para realizar una acción con prontitud y diligencia :presto a (para ) correr; presto siempre a ayudar a cualquiera; el partido estaba formado por militantes disciplinados y organizados, prestos para la insurrección; como dos grúas de puerto prestas para descargar .SINÓNIMO pronto .3 nombre masculino mús Indicación de tempo generalmente asignada a los movimientos finales de sonatas, sinfonías y conciertos .4 presto adverbio formal Sin que transcurra mucho tiempo entre dos acciones, dos hechos, dos situaciones, etc. , que se toman como referencia :muy presto tendrá noticias mías; presto salieron todos en silencio para evitar complicaciones con la justicia .SINÓNIMO pronto .

presumible

presumible adjetivo Que es probable o tiene probabilidades de ocurrir :todos le señalaban con el dedo como presumible culpable; hay unas tallas muy finas, presumiblemente procedentes de la cultura tolteca .

presumido, -da

presumido, -da adjetivo /nombre masculino y femenino 1 [persona ] Que presume de algo, especialmente de ser bello :la presentadora sonrió presumida y coqueta; mira, no va ni de presumido, ni de prepotente, ni de nada, solamente hay que conocerlo .2 [persona ] Que presume o cuida mucho su aspecto personal para resultar atractivo :no se la considera elegante, sino presumida .

presumir

presumir verbo transitivo 1 Considerar una cosa verdadera o real a partir de ciertos indicios o señales, sin tener certeza completa de ella :la policía presume que los ladrones han huido al extranjero; se presumen gananciales los bienes existentes en el matrimonio mientras no se pruebe que pertenecen privativamente al marido o a la mujer .SINÓNIMO suponer .2 verbo intransitivo Exhibir con orgullo una cualidad o algo que se tiene o se hace :presumir de rico; presumir de simpático; presumió poco tiempo de haber batido la plusmarca mundial; en la empresa presumen de la capacidad de autofinanciación y los recursos propios como los puntos fuertes de su balance .3 Mostrarse convencido de la propia belleza :presume mucho, pero es más feo que yo .4 Cuidar mucho el aspecto personal, aseándose, arreglándose, maquillándose, etc. , para resultar atractivo :¡cómo le gusta presumir cuando sale por la noche!

presunción

presunción nombre femenino 1 Vanidad que muestra una persona que presume y alardea de sí misma y de sus propias cualidades :quizá pueda parecer una presunción, pero en esto soy el mejor .SINÓNIMO jactancia, presuntuosidad .2 formal Consideración o aceptación de una cosa como verdadera o real a partir de ciertas señales o indicios, sin tener certeza completa de ello :se ha suspendido la distribución de la partida de carne ante la presunción de que no es apta para el consumo .3 der Cosa que según la ley se tiene como verdadera mientras no se demuestre lo contrario :presunción de inocencia .

presuntamente

presuntamente adverbio Sin tener certeza, solo por indicios :un hecho presuntamente delictivo .

presunto, -ta

presunto, -ta adjetivo Que se supone o se sospecha aunque no está demostrado :presunto asesino; presunto autor; presunto culpable .Se usa antepuesto al nombre .

presuntuosidad

presuntuosidad nombre femenino Presunción (vanidad ).

presuntuoso, -sa

presuntuoso, -sa adjetivo /nombre masculino y femenino 1 [persona ] Que muestra presunción, vanidad u orgullo :se mostró áspero y presuntuoso con el público haciendo ostentación de su poder .ANTÓNIMO sencillo .2 adjetivo Que es propio de las personas presuntuosas :su carácter violento, irritable y presuntuoso contrasta con el aire elegante, soñador y melancólico de sus obras; una actitud tan poco comprensiva con la cultura foránea supondría incurrir en un presuntuoso chauvinismo .

presuponer

presuponer verbo transitivo 1 Suponer una cosa sin existir indicios o señales que puedan justificarla, para desarrollar un argumento o actuar de cierto modo :numerosas normas prohibían las prácticas mágicas, presuponiendo que eran eficaces gracias a la colaboración del demonio; en la mayoría de los casos se presuponen estructuras arborescentes para las redes teóricas .2 Requerir [una cosa ] algo, como dinero o esfuerzo, que sirva de base o condición para desarrollarse o ser llevada a cabo :estos cambios presuponen gastos que no han sido contemplados en el presupuesto general .SINÓNIMO suponer . Conjugación [78 ] como poner .

presuposición

presuposición nombre femenino Juicio o valoración que se hacen con anterioridad a tener certeza .

presupuestación

presupuestación nombre femenino Acción de presupuestar :se debe ser eficiente en la programación, presupuestación, seguimiento y evaluación del gasto .

presupuestar

presupuestar verbo transitivo 1 Hacer el presupuesto de una actividad :el albañil me ha presupuestado las reformas que quiero hacer en mi casa; la empresa ha presupuestado unos gastos publicitarios para este año de diez millones de pesos .2 Incluir una partida en un presupuesto :presupuestaron la incineración de basuras .

presupuestario, -ria

presupuestario, -ria adjetivo Del presupuesto o relacionado con los presupuestos, especialmente los de un Estado :el gobierno está discutiendo un sustancial recorte del déficit presupuestario .

presupuesto

presupuesto nombre masculino 1 Cálculo anticipado del coste de una obra o un servicio :he pedido al taller un presupuesto de la reparación .2 Conjunto de los gastos e ingresos previstos para un determinado período de tiempo :la empresa ha aprobado el presupuesto para el año próximo; los Estados dedican gran parte de sus presupuestos generales a cuestiones sanitarias .3 Cantidad de dinero que se calcula necesaria o que se destina para hacer frente a unos gastos determinados :gastó en dos días el presupuesto de todo el mes .4 Supuesto o suposición previa :para analizar la perspectiva económica hay que partir de una serie de presupuestos .

presura

presura nombre femenino 1 Prisa, prontitud y ligereza con que se hace una cosa .2 Esp Asentamiento de campesinos en tierras yermas o abandonadas :en el norte de la península ibérica predominó el derecho de presura .

presurización

presurización nombre femenino 1 Acción de presurizar .2 Efecto de presurizar .

presurizar

presurizar verbo transitivo Mantener constante la presión de un espacio cerrado, especialmente la cabina de un avión, de una nave espacial, etc . Conjugación [4 ] como realizar .

presuroso, -sa

presuroso, -sa adjetivo 1 Que tiene prisa :hace frío y la gente pasa presurosa .2 Que denota prisa :en estos presurosos días releer es difícil .

Sanseido Wisdom Dictionary

Pres

Pres .Presbyter (ian ); President .

pres

pres .present .

presage

pres age /présɪdʒ /動詞他動詞｟かたく｠〈悪いこと〉を予感する, 予測する .名詞 C 前兆, 前触れ ; 胸騒ぎ .

Presbyterian

Pres by te ri an /prèzbɪtí ə riən /形容詞〖時にp -〗〘キリスト教〙長老制 [派 ]の ; 長老派教会の ▸ the Presbyterian Church 長老教会名詞 C 1 長老派教会会員 .2 長老制支持者 .

Presbyterianism

Pres by te ri an ism /prèzbɪtí ə riənɪ̀z (ə )m /名詞 U 〘キリスト教〙1 長老派教会制度〘同一階級の長老 (elder, presbyter )が教会を運営する制度; Scotland教会など〙.2 長老派教会の主義 [信仰 ].

presbytery

pres by ter y /prézbətèri |-t (ə )ri /名詞複 -ies C 〖通例the ～〗1 (長老教会の )中会, 中会管轄区 .2 牧師館, 司祭館 .3 (教会内の )司祭席〘東方にある聖歌隊席の奥の席〙.

preschool

pr é sch ò ol 名詞 C ｟米｠幼稚園 (｟英｠nursery school ).形容詞 /-̀-́ /〖名詞の前で〗就学前の (!およそ2歳から5歳までをいう ) .～er 名詞 C 就学前児童 .

prescience

pre scie nce /préʃ (ə )ns, príː -|présiəns /名詞 U 予知, 予見, 洞察, 先見の明 .

prescient

pre sci ent /préʃ (ə )nt |-siənt /形容詞｟かたく｠先見の明のある, 予見する .

prescribe

pre scribe /prɪskráɪb /〖pre (前もって )scribe (書く )〗(名 )prescription 動詞～s /-z /; ～d /-d /; -scribing 他動詞 1 〈医師が〉【病状病気に対して /患者に】〈薬〉を処方する, 〈特定の治療〉を施す «for /for , to » ; 〖～ A B 〗A 〈患者など〉にB 〈薬など〉を処方する ▸ prescribe antibiotics for a patient 患者に抗生物質を処方する ▸ the drug commonly prescribed for high blood pressure 高血圧の治療に一般に処方される薬 2 ｟かたく｠〈法律規則などが〉 «…に » 〈とるべき行動やり方など〉を規定する , 定める ; 〈人当局などが〉 «…に » …を定める , 指示する «to , for » ; 〖～ wh節 /that節〗…か [ということ ]を規定する ▸ The total number of working hours per week is prescribed by law .週当りの労働時間は法律によって決められている 3 〘法〙…を時効で無効にする .自動詞 1 «…の » 権利を主張する «to , for » ; 〘法〙時効によって権利を主張する [無効となる ].2 «…に対して » 処方する , 処方箋（せん）を書く «for » .3 «…について » 規定 [指図 ]する «for » .

prescribed

pre scr í bed 形容詞規定 [指示 ]された, 所定の .

prescript

pre script /príːskrɪ̀pt /名詞 C ｟かたく｠命令, 規定 .

prescription

pre scrip tion /prɪskrɪ́pʃ (ə )n /→prescribe 名詞複～s /-z /1 C 【薬の】処方箋（せん） «for » ▸ The doctor wrote me a prescription for sleeping pills .医師は睡眠薬の処方箋を書いてくれた 2 C 処方された薬, (医師に )指示された治療 ; U (薬を )処方すること ▸ The drug is only available on prescription .その薬は医師による処方によってのみ入手可能です 3 C 〖通例a ～〗 «…のための » 提案 , 構想 «for » .4 U C 命令 [指示 , 規定 ]すること ; 命令 , 規則 .5 U 〘法〙時効 (による取得 ).6 U 正当だと考えられる権利 [古い慣習 ].～́ ch à rges ｟英｠(国民健康保険でまかなわれる )薬の代金の患者負担分 .～̀ dr ú g [m é dicine ]処方薬 .

prescriptive

pre scrip tive /prɪskrɪ́ptɪv /形容詞｟かたく｠1 ｟時に非難して｠〈人規則物が〉 «…について » 規範的な «about » .2 〘法〙時効による ; 慣習 [慣例 ]で認められた .～ly 副詞

prescriptivism

pre scr í p tiv ì sm 名詞 U 規範 (文法 )主義 .

preseason

pr è s é ason 形容詞 (スポーツなどの )シーズン前の .

presence

pres ence /préz (ə )ns /→present 1 名詞複～s /-ɪz /1 a. U ｟かたく｠〖通例one 's /the ～〗(人物がある場所に )いる [ある ]こと , 存在 , 姿を見せること , «…への » 出席 «at » (↔absence )▸ physical presence 実際にその場にいること ▸ make one's presence felt 自分の存在をアピールする ▸ Your presence is requested .｟かたく｠ご出席をお願いいたします .b. U C (軍隊警察などの )駐留 (!通例修飾語を伴う ) ▸ the U.S. military presence on Okinawa 沖縄駐留米軍 2 U 存在感 , 貫禄（かんろく）, (立派な )風采（ふうさい） (!しばしば修飾語を伴う ) ; C 存在感のある [印象的な ]人物 ▸ have a stage presence 舞台での存在感がある 3 C ｟文｠〖通例単数形で〗(目には見えない物の )存在 , 霊 (!通例修飾語を伴う ) .4 U (ビジネスでの )営業力 , 販売力 (!具体例ではa ～; その際修飾語を伴う ) .5 U ｟主に英｠(王室の )御前（ごぜん）.gr à ce A with one's pr é sence ｟話しばしば皮肉で｠〈 (めったに姿を見せない )人が〉A 〈人〉の前に現われる .in A's pr é sence = in the pr é sence of A ｟かたく｠A 〈重要人物〉の面前で ; A 〈物質〉の存在するところで ▸ feel nervous in the presence of the president 社長の前で緊張する pr è sence of m í nd ｟ほめて｠ «…するだけの » 冷静さ, 落ち着き «to do » .～́ ch à mber 謁見（えつけん）室 .

present

pres ent 1 /préz (ə )nt /〖語源は「目の前に (pre )ある [いる ]」〗(名 )presence 形容詞比較なし 1 〖be ～〗〈物事が〉 «…に » 存在して , 含まれて «in , on » ▸ Sugar is normally present in the blood .糖分は通常血液に含まれている ▸ Water might be present on Mars .ひょっとすると火星には水があるかもしれない 2 〖be ～〗 «…に » 出席して (いる ), 居合わせて (いる ), 列席 [参列 ]して (いる ) «at » (↔absent )▸ the staff members present 出席している [いた ]職員 (!presentの前にwho are [were ]が省略されている; the present staff members なら「現在の職員」の意味になる; ↓形容詞 3 ) ▸ We were present at a meeting in the afternoon .我々は午後は会議に出席していた (!｟コーパス｠特に出席を明確に述べる場合を除いてWe had [were at, went to ] a meeting … などを用いる方が普通 ) ▸ Present .はい (!教室の点呼などの返事で; Yes. , Here. ともいう ) ▸ There are ladies present .ご婦人の面前ですよ (!下品な言動をたしなめて ) ▸ those present at the party パーティで居合わせた人々 ▸ with a lawyer present 弁護士の立会いのもとで ▸ present company excepted ｟話｠ここにいる人は別として 3 〖名詞の前で〗現在の , 今の (current )▸ at the present time [moment ]現時点で, 目下 (!momentの方が短期間に焦点をあてた言い方 ) ▸ one's present husband 今の夫 ▸ in the present situation [circumstances ]現状では ▸ the present address 現住所 ▸ the present government 現政府 4 〖名詞の前で; しばしばthe ～ …〗〘文法〙現在 (時制 )の ▸ in the present tense 現在時制で ▸ the present participle 現在分詞 ▸ the present perfect 現在完了 All pr è sent and acc ó unted for ｟米｠[corr é ct ｟英｠].｟話｠みなさん [すべて ]そろいました ; 万事問題なし .名詞 U 〖通例the ～〗1 現在 , 現今 , 現実 ▸ for the present 今のところは ▸ up to the present 今に至るまで ▸ live in the present 今を生きる (!過去を悔いている暇はないの意 ) ▸ There's no time like the present .｟ことわざ｠今こそ好機 ; 「思い立ったが吉日」.2 〘文法〙現在時制 , 現在形 ▸ the historic (al ) present 歴史的現在〘過去の出来事を生き生きさせるために用いられる現在時制〙at pr é sent 現在, 目下 .～̀ d á y 〖the /one's ～〗現代, 今日 (!｟コーパス｠theは時に省略される ) .

present

pres ent 2 /préz (ə )nt /→present 3 名詞複～s /-ts /C «…からの /…への » プレゼント , 贈り物 «from /to , for » ▸ a birthday [Christmas ] present 誕生日 [クリスマス ]プレゼント ▸ make A a present of a bracelet Aにブレスレットを贈る m à ke a pr é sent of A (不注意によって ) «…にとって » Aを盗みやすくする «to » .

present

pre sent 3 /prɪzént / (! 強勢は第2音節 ) 〖「人の前に (pre )置く」＞「差し出す」＞「贈る」〗動詞～s /-ts /; ～ed /-ɪd /; ～ing 他動詞 1 〖present A with B /B to A 〗〈人が〉 (正式な場で )B 〈賞贈り物など〉をA 〈人〉に贈呈する (!親しい人に物を与える場合はgiveを使う ) ▸ present the winners with their awards 勝者に賞を授与する 2 〖present A with B /B (to [for ] A )〗〈事が〉B 〈挑戦機会困難脅威など〉をA 〈人〉に引き起こす , 生じさせる , 与える ▸ The new position presented him with a challenge .その新しい仕事で彼は腕を試されることになった ▸ This route does not present any difficulty .このルートではやっかいなことは何も起こらない 3 【公の場などに】〈発見計画など〉を発表する , 報告する «to » ; (ある形で )〈情報〉を示す ; «…として » 〈人〉を描写する «as » ▸ present the report to the U.N.国連にその報告を提出する 4 ｟かたく｠【人などに】〈公文書切符証明書など〉を提示する «to » ; «…を » 〈人など〉に提示する «with » ▸ present evidence to the court 法廷に証拠を提出する ▸ You must present your passport as your ID .身分証明書としてパスポートの提示が必要です 5 〈劇映画〉を上演 [放送 ]する ; 〈展示品〉を展示する ▸ The theater presented some classical plays .その劇場では古典劇をいくつか上演していた 6 ｟かたく｠【重要人物に】(正式に )〈人〉を紹介する , 引き合わせる «to » ▸ be presented to King James I ジェイムズ1世王に謁見（えつけん）する ▸ Ladies and gentlemen, may I present to you Mr. and Mrs. Hill? 皆様, ヒル夫妻をご紹介いたします 7 ｟かたく｠(丁重に )〈謝罪賛辞〉を表明する [伝える ]▸ present apologies for absence 欠席を謝罪する 8 【ある外見性質を持たせて】〈物人〉を提供する «with » ; 【事実として】〈事〉を示す «as » .9 ｟英｠〈番組〉の進行を務める (host ).10 〈小切手〉を銀行に渡す ; 〈請求書〉を渡す .11 (儀礼のあいさつとして )〈銃〉をささげる ▸ Present arms! ささげ銃（つつ）〘号令; 両手で銃を前方に立てた姿勢をとる〙.12 〘医〙〈人が〉〈症状〉を示す .自動詞〈人病気が〉 «…を » 症状として示す «with » .pres é nts its è lf 1 〈機会問題アイディアが〉思いがけず生じる .2 〈料理などが〉 (食卓に )出る .pres é nt one s è lf 1 «…だと » 自らを印象づける, (人前で )ふるまう «as » .2 ｟かたく｠(ある場所へ公式の目的で )行く, 到着する, 出頭する .

presentable

pre s é nt a ble 形容詞 1 〈物人などが〉【人に】見せてもおかしくない [見苦しくない ] «to » .2 〈物が〉贈り物に適した ; 〈劇などが〉上演できる ; 推薦 [紹介 ]にふさわしい .pre s é nt a bly 副詞

presentation

pre sen ta tion /prèz (ə )ntéɪʃ (ə )n, prìːz (ə )n-, -zen- /名詞 1 C (贈り物賞などの )贈呈, 授与 ; 授与式 ; 贈呈品 .2 C 【商品企画などについての】説明, 発表, プレゼン (テーション ) «on » (｟連語｠oral, multimedia )▸ give [make ] a presentation at the conference 会議でプレゼンを行う 3 U C 提示 [提供 ]の仕方 [形式 ], 体裁 .4 C U 証明するもの ; (証拠身分証などの )提示, 提出 .5 C 〘かたく〙演奏, 上演 .6 U C (正式の )紹介, 披露 ; (宮廷での )拝謁（はいえつ）; (社交界への )デビュー .7 U C 〘商〙(手形の )呈示 .8 U C 〘宗〙聖職給給付申請 (権 ), 聖職推薦 (権 ).9 C U 〘医〙(分娩時の )胎位 .～́ c ò py 献本 .

present-day

pr è sent-d á y 形容詞比較なし〖名詞の前で〗今日 [現代 ]の .

presenteeism

pres en tee ism /prèz (ə )ntíːɪ̀z (ə )m /名詞 U (雇用者への印象をよくするため )勤務時間以上に職場にいること〘サービス残業のたぐい〙.

presentencing

pre sen tenc ing /prɪ̀séntənsɪŋ /形容詞判決前の .

presenter

pre s é nt er 名詞 C 1 ｟米｠(式典などでの )プレゼンテーター, 賞の授与を行う人 .2 ｟主に英｠(テレビラジオ番組の )司会者 (host ).

presentiment

pre sen ti ment /prɪzéntɪmənt /名詞 C ｟かたく｠〖単数形で〗 «…という » (嫌な )予感, 虫の知らせ «that 節 » .

presently

pres ent ly /préz (ə )ntli /→present 1 副詞比較なし｟かたく｠1 〖通例文尾で未来時制と共に〗まもなく, ほどなく (soon ); 〖通例文頭で過去時制と共に〗(あることを受けて, それから )少しすると ▸ The whole world will know the facts presently .世界中の人々がまもなく事実を知ることになる 2 ｟主に米スコット｠〖文中文頭で〗現在 , 目下 (at present ) (!現在進行形 be動詞と共に用いられる ) ▸ She is presently working as a TV reporter .彼女は今テレビ記者として働いている .

preservation

pres er va tion /prèzə r véɪʃ (ə )n /名詞 U 1 保存, 保全, 維持 ; 存続 .2 保存の程度 .3 (防腐剤の )添加 .～́ ò rder ｟英｠(歴史的建造物の )保存命令 .～ist 名詞 C ｟米｠保護主義者 .

preservative

pre serv a tive /prɪzə́ː r vətɪv /名詞 C U 1 (食品木材金属用 )防腐剤 ▸ No preservatives (used ).｟掲示｠防腐剤不使用 2 «…から » 損傷 [崩壊, 腐食 ]を防ぐもの «against » .形容詞〖名詞の前で〗保存効果 [力 ]のある, 防腐の .

preserve

pre serve /prɪzə́ː r v /〖pre (前もって )serve (保つ )〗動詞～s /-z /; ～d /-d /; -serving 他動詞 1 (ありのままに )〈建物場所など〉を保存する , 【腐敗損害などから】〈物〉を保護する , 守る «from » (!しばしば受け身で ) ▸ preserve its unique cultural heritage その独自の文化遺産を保存する 2 〈平和状況水準〉を保つ ; …を保全する ; 〈健康〉を維持する (→well-preserved )▸ preserve the integrity of A Aの質を保つ 3 〈食品〉を保存する ; …を保存用に加工する .4 【危険死絶滅などから】〈生物〉の身を守る ; …を保護する «from » .5 〈人が〉〈冷静さなど〉を保つ .自動詞〈地域が〉禁猟になっている .名詞 1 C ｟米｠自然保護区 ; 禁猟区 (!通例修飾語を伴う ) ▸ a nature preserve 自然保護区 2 C ｟かたく｠〖単数形で〗(特定の集団だけに許された )活動 , 独擅（どくせん）場 , 領分 (domain ).3 U C 〖通例～s 〗(果物などの )砂糖漬け食品 , ジャム (jam ).4 (私有の )狩猟地 .pre s é rv a ble 形容詞

preserver

pre s é rv er 名詞 C 1 番人 .2 (木材 )防腐剤 .

preset

pre set /prìːsét /動詞 →set 他動詞｟書｠〖通例be ～〗〈電子機器類などが〉あらかじめ調節される, あらかじめ決めておく .形容詞〖名詞の前で〗あらかじめセットされた .

preshrunk

pr è shr ú nk 形容詞〖名詞の前で〗防縮加工をした〈布など〉.

preside

pre side /prɪzáɪd / (! -s-は /z /) 〖pre (前に )side (座る )〗動詞～s /-dz /; ～d /-ɪd /; -siding 自動詞 1 ｟主にかたい書｠〈人が〉【会議裁判などで】取りしきる , 主宰者を務める , 議長を務める «at , over » ▸ preside at the ceremony 式典の主宰者を務める 2 〈指導者が〉【困難課題を】先頭に立って対処する , 指揮する , 取りしきる «over » ▸ The president has presided over the depression .大統領は不況対策に陣頭指揮をとってきた 3 〈人が〉【組織などを】率いる , 統率する «over » .4 ｟話｠(公衆の前で )【楽器の】演奏者を務める «at » .

presidency

pres i den cy /prézɪd (ə )nsi /→president 名詞複 -cies /-z /C ｟通例かたく｠〖通例単数形で; 通例the ～〗1 大統領職 ; 会長 [議長 , 学長 , 社長 ]の職 ▸ win [run for ] the presidency (of the nation )(その国の )大統領職を手中にする [に立候補する ]2 〖通例 one's ～〗大統領在任期間 ; 会長 [議長 , 学長 , 社長 ]の任期 .3 〖しばしばP -〗米国大統領の職 [任期 ].

president

pres i dent /prézɪd (ə )nt /〖pre (前に )side (座る )ent (人 )〗(名 )presidency, (形 )presidential 名詞複～s /-ts /C 1 〖しばしばP -〗(米国その他共和国の )大統領 , 総統 ▸ the President of the United States of America アメリカ合衆国大統領 ▸ be elected president 大統領に選ばれる (!補語の場合は無冠詞 ) ▸ run for President 大統領に立候補する ▸ President Bush ブッシュ大統領 (!称号の場合は無冠詞 ) ▸ “Mr. President .”(呼びかけで )大統領 (閣下 )2 〖時にP -〗(団体の )会長 , 総裁 , 議長 ; (官庁の )長官 ; ｟米｠(大学の )学長 , 総長 ; 〖(the ) P- 〗(英米上院の )議長 (→speaker 4 )▸ the State Senate President 米国上院議長 3 ｟主に米｠社長 , (銀行の )頭取 .4 (クラスの )学級委員 , 級長 .～́ pro t è m (pore )｟米｠上院議長代行 .Pr é sidents' D à y ｟米｠大統領誕生日〘George WashingtonとAbraham Lincoln大統領の誕生日を記念した法定休日; 2月の第3月曜日; →holiday 〙.

president-elect

pr è sident-el é ct 名詞 C 〖単数形で; 時にP -〗大統領 [会長, 学長 ]当選者 (!当選から就任までの呼称; 称号として人名の前に用いることもある ) .

presidential

pres i den tial /prèzɪdénʃ (ə )l /→president 形容詞 1 〖名詞の前で; ｟まれ｠P- 〗大統領 (職 )の [にかかわる ]; 大統領選挙 (戦 )の ; 会長 [社長 , 学長 ]の ▸ the 2004 presidential election [campaign ]2004年の大統領選挙 [選挙戦 ]▸ a presidential candidate 大統領候補者 2 (自信の持ちよう経験の多さが )大統領のような .

presidium

pre sid i um ｟まれ｠prae -/prɪsɪ́diəm /名詞複～s, presidia /-iə /C 〖通例the ～ /P-; 通例単数形で〗(特に共産主義国の )最高会議幹部会 (!しばしば大文字で幹部会の名称の一部に用いられる ) .

Presley

Pres ley /prézli, prés -/名詞プレスリー〘Elvis /élvɪs / ～, 1935 --77; 米国のロック歌手〙.

press

press 1 /pres /〖語源は「押し続ける」〗(名 )pressure 名詞複～es /-ɪz /1 U a. 〖集合的に; ｟英｠では単複両扱い; しばしばthe P- 〗(新聞雑誌テレビラジオなどの )報道機関, マスメディア, マスコミ (!もとは活字メディアをさしたが今では放送メディアにも用いる ) ; 新聞 , 雑誌 , 定期刊行物 ▸ advertise a product on television and in the press 新製品をテレビや新聞で宣伝する ▸ (the ) freedom of the press ≒｟よりくだけて｠(a [the ]) free press ≒press freedom 報道の自由 .表現コーパス …紙 ▸ the national [local ] ～全国 [地方 ]紙 ▸ the tabloid [｟英｠popular ] ～タブロイド紙, 大衆紙〘半ページ大で写真ゴシップ中心〙▸ the mainstream ～主要紙 ▸ the music [financial ] ～音楽 [経済 ]紙 [雑誌 ]▸ the quality [gutter ] ～｟英｠高級 [低俗 ]紙 .b. 〖集合的に; ｟英｠では単複両扱い; the ～/P- 〗(新聞雑誌テレビラジオの )記者団 , 報道関係者 (!カメラマンも含む ) ▸ The Press is [｟英｠are ] always rushing after Beckham .報道陣がいつもベッカムの後を追いかけている ▸ get extensive press coverage 多くの新聞で取り上げられる .c. 〖a ～〗(報道機関の )報道 , 批評 ▸ get a good [bad, negative ] press マスコミに好意的 [批判的 ]に取り上げられる .2 C 印刷所 , 出版社 ; 印刷機 (printing press ); U 印刷 ▸ be hot off the press 〈記事写真などが〉新聞で発表されたばかりである ▸ a rotary press 輪転機 ▸ Oxford University Press オックスフォード大学出版局 ▸ go to press 〈新聞雑誌本などが〉印刷に回される 3 C 〖しばしば複合語で〗圧搾 [縮 ]機 , プレス ; (テニスラケットスキーなどのそりを防ぐ )締め具 ▸ a trouser press ズボンプレッサー 4 C 〖単数形で〗押すこと ; アイロンをかけること ▸ At the press of a button, a list appeared on the screen .ボタンを押すだけで, 画面にリストが現れた 5 U 混雑 , 雑踏 ▸ in the press of the crowd 混雑する雑踏の中で 6 U ｟かたく｠切迫 , 緊急 , 多忙 , あわてざま .7 C 〘スポーツ〙ベンチプレス (bench press ).8 C ｟アイルスコット｠(衣類本などを入れる通例棚付きの )大型戸棚 .st ò p pr é ss ｟英｠(新聞の )印刷が始まってから挿入された最新のニュース .st ò p the pr é sses 1 (重大ニュースを挿入するために )印刷機を止める ; ｟話おどけて｠〖命令形で; S-!〗(驚くような発表の前置きとして )重大発表だ .2 印刷会社を閉鎖する .動詞～es /-ɪz /; ～ed /-t /; ～ing 他動詞 1 a. 〖press A (＋副詞 )〗〈人が〉A 〈物人〉を押す , A 〈物人〉を (…に )押しつける [あてる ] (!副詞は方向場所様態の表現 ) ▸ She put her hand on my shoulder and pressed me down .彼女は私の肩に手を置いて下に座らせた ▸ press one's lips 唇をぎゅっと結ぶ (!怒りを抑えるときのしぐさ ) ▸ press one's ear against [to ] the door ドアに耳を押しつける ▸ press one's face into one's pillow 顔をまくらにうずめる ▸ “Me? ” Surprised, she pressed her hand to her chest .「私ですか」驚いて彼女は自分の胸に手をあてた (!自分を指すしぐさ ) ▸ press oneself against the wall 壁に体を押しつける ▸ I felt pressed back into my seat .座席に体が押しつけられるように感じた ▸ press one's feet on the pedals ペダルをこぐ b. 【胸などに】〈人物〉を抱き寄せる , 抱きしめる «to » ; 〈手腕〉を握りしめる ▸ The girl pressed her doll to her chest .その少女は人形を胸に抱き寄せた .2 〈人が〉〈機械道具など (の一部 )〉を押す , 踏む ; 〖press A C 〗Aを押してC 〈状態〉にする (!Cは形容詞 ) ▸ press a button on the remote (control )リモコンのボタンを押す ▸ press the top firmly shut ふたを押してかたく閉める ▸ press the accelerator アクセルを踏む .3 〈衣類〉にアイロンをかける (iron ), …をプレスする ▸ All my clothes were beautifully pressed .私の服にはすべてきれいにアイロンがかけられていた ▸ Your shirt needs pressing .君のシャツはアイロンがけが必要だ (!｟コーパス｠… needs a press. より普通; ↑名詞 4 ) 4 〖press A (for B )〗〈人が〉A 〈人〉に (B 〈事〉を求めて ) (しつこく )迫る ; 〖press A to do /into B 〗A 〈人〉に … するよう [B 〈事〉を ] (しつこく )迫る , 強く言う (!Bは名詞動名 ) ; ｟書｠〖直接話法〗(〈人〉に )…と言って迫る (!伝達部は通例文尾; →say 他動詞 1 a 語法 ) ▸ They were pressing me for repayment of loans [to repay loans ].彼らが借金の返済を迫ってきていた ▸ If pressed , they would proceed with publication of the book .しつこく迫られれば, 彼らはその本の出版を進めるであろう ▸ “So you didn't actually do anything wrong? ” she pressed him .「それであなたは何も間違ったことはしてないってわけね」と彼女は彼に迫った 5 〈人が〉【人に】〈物事飲食物など〉を無理に勧める , 押しつける «on , upon » .6 〈果物野菜など〉を押しつぶす ; «…から » …を絞り取る [出す ] «from » ; «…に » …を圧縮 [圧搾 ]する «into » ▸ The apple was pressed and filtered .そのリンゴは押しつぶされこされた 7 〈主張など〉を強い調子で言う [繰り返す ], 押しつける ▸ press one's claim 主張を通そうとする .8 〈物〉を平ら [滑らか ]にする ; 〖～ A C 〗A 〈物〉を押してC 〈状態〉にする ▸ press wild flowers 野生の花を押し花にする ▸ The grass was pressed flat .草が押し倒されていた .9 【材料から】〈CD レコード板金など〉をプレスする «out of » .自動詞 1 〖press (＋副詞 )〗〈人が〉 (機械道具などの一部を )押す , 踏む (!副詞は方向場所様態の表現 ) ▸ Press on this button to stop the machine .機械を止めるにはこのボタンを押してください ▸ press steadily on the brake pedal ブレーキペダルを踏み続ける .2 «…を » 押す , 押しつける «against , on » ▸ Cold wind pressed against the windows .冷たい風が窓に吹きつけた ▸ They pressed close together .彼らは体をぴたりとくっつけた 3 〖press ＋副詞〗〈群集が〉押しかける , 迫る , 殺到する ; ｟比喩的に｠〈事が〉迫る (!副詞は方向場所の表現 ) ▸ A stream of children pressed in .子供たちの集団がどっと入ってきた ▸ The stillness pressed upon us from behind .静寂が私たちの後ろから迫ってきた 4 (困難であっても )進む , 【仕事を】(断固として )続ける (on , ahead , forward ) «with » ▸ press on with the reforms 改革を推し進める .5 〖～ for A to do 〗〈人が〉A 〈事〉が … するように迫る [求める ]▸ They pressed for further information to be released .彼らはさらなる情報公開を迫った .6 〈時間が〉切迫する ; 〈事が〉急を要する ▸ Time is pressing .時間は切迫している～́ à gency 通信社 .～́ à gent (有名人に雇われた )報道担当者 .P -́ Associ à tion ｟英｠〖the ～〗プレスアソシエーション〘英国の通信社〙; 報道協会 .～́ b à ron ｟主に英くだけて｠新聞王 .～́ b ò x (スポーツなどでの )報道席 .～́ cl ì pping ｟米｠〖通例～s 〗(新聞雑誌などからの )短い切り抜き記事 [写真 ].～̀ cl ó th あて布〘アイロンがけする物の上に置く布〙.～́ c ò nference 記者会見 .～́ c ò rps 複～｟米｠記者団, 報道陣 .～́ c ù ttings ｟英｠(雑誌新聞の )切り抜き .～́ g à llery (国会裁判所などの )記者席 .～́ ò ffice (組織政府などの )広報部 .～́ ò fficer (政府の )報道官 ; (企業の )広報担当者 .～́ p à ck 1 (企業などの広報用 )パンフレット .2 (有名人重要行事付きの )報道陣 .～́ p ò pper ＝press stud .～́ rel è ase 新聞 [報道 ]発表, プレスリリース ▸ issue a press release 新聞発表を行う～́ s è cretary 1 ｟主に英｠(企業個人などに雇われた )広報担当者 .2 ｟米｠大統領報道官 .～́ st ù d ｟英｠スナップボタン (｟米｠snap fastener ).

press

press 2 動詞他動詞 1 〘史〙(水兵兵士として )〈人〉を強制徴募する ; 〈物〉を徴用する .2 〖～ A into B 〗(緊急に )Aを無理にBに使う [代用する ]▸ press the car into service その車を臨時 [急場しのぎ ]に使う名詞 U 〘史〙強制徴募 ; 徴発の命令 .

pressed

pressed /-t /形容詞 1 〖be ～〗〈人などが〉【十分な時間金場所がなくて】切迫して, 困って «for » (→hard-pressed )▸ be pressed for time 時間がない 2 〖名詞の前で〗平らにされた ; (アイロンで )しわののびた ; アイロンがけされた ▸ pressed flowers 押し花

pressing

press ing /présɪŋ /→press 1 形容詞〖通例名詞の前で〗1 急を要する, 緊急の〈問題必要性など〉(urgent ).2 たっての, 断わりにくい〈招待要請など〉.3 熱心な, しつこい〈人〉.名詞 1 U 押すこと, 圧縮すること ; (果実などを )搾ること .2 U アイロンをかけること .3 C 〖集合的に〗プレス [圧縮 ]されたもの ; (原盤から一度にプレスされた )レコード全体 ; その個々のレコード .～ly 副詞

pressman

pr é ss man /-mæn, -mən /名詞複 -men C 1 ｟英くだけて｠(新聞雑誌の )記者 (｟男女共用｠newspaper reporter ).2 印刷工 (｟男女共用｠(offset ) press operator ).

press-up

pr é ss- ù p 名詞 C 〖通例～s 〗｟主に英｠腕立て伏せ (｟主に米｠push-up ).

pressure

pres sure /préʃə r /〖press (押し続ける )ure (こと ); 〗→press 1 名詞複～s /-z /1 U a. «…に対する /…しろという /…からの /…を求める » (社会的 )圧力 , 強制 «on /to do /from /for » ▸ They put [｟かたく｠exerted ] pressure on him to resign. ≒He came under pressure from them to resign. ≒They brought pressure to bear on him to resign .彼らは彼に辞職するよう圧力をかけた ▸ They were under too much pressure from the press .彼らは報道機関からあまりに大きな圧力をかけられていた ▸ Courage is grace under pressure .｟引用｠勇気とは重圧下での優雅さだ｟Ernest Hemingwayの言葉より｠▸ give in to pressure 圧力に屈する b. «…に対する » (多くの使命による精神的 )重圧 , 重荷 «on » (!具体例ではa ～/～s; その際しばしば修飾語を伴う ) ▸ Strong social pressures for change are building .変化を求める強い社会的重圧が高まっている ▸ the pressures of work 仕事の重圧 2 U 〖具体例ではa ～/～s 〗 «…に対する » (特に経済政治などにおける )切迫 , 窮迫 , 切迫 «on » ▸ come under pressure 切迫状態にある 3 U «…への » 圧迫 «on , against » ; 圧縮 , 圧搾（あつさく）▸ put pressure on the chest 胸を圧迫する 4 U C 〘物理〙(液体気体の充満による )圧力, 圧 ; 〘気象〙気圧 ; 〘電〙起電力 ▸ air [atmospheric ] pressure 気圧 ▸ blood pressure 血圧 ▸ high [low ] pressure 高 [低 ]気圧動詞他動詞｟主に米｠ «…するように » 〈他人〉に圧力をかける , 強要する (｟英｠pressurize ) «to do , into do ing » ▸ feel pressured to drink 飲まざるをえない空気を感じる～́ c à bin 〘空〙気密 [与圧 ]室 .～́ c ò oker 1 圧力なべ .2 ｟くだけて｠プレッシャーのかかる状況 .～́ g à uge 圧力計 .～́ gr ò up 圧力団体 .～́ p ò int 1 圧点, 止血点 (!体の中で止血しやすい部分 ) .2 (マッサージ鍼灸（しんきゆう）の )つぼ .3 ｟主に英｠(政治的 )問題が起こりそうな場所 [状況 ].～́ s ù it 〘空〙気密 [与圧 ]服 .

pressured

pr é s sured 形容詞｟主に米｠プレッシャーを感じた .

pressurize

pres sur ize /préʃəràɪz /動詞他動詞 1 ｟英｠ «…するように » 〈人など〉に圧力をかける «into (do ing ), to do » (｟主に米｠pressure ).2 〈物質液体蒸気など〉に圧力をかける, 加圧する .3 〖通例be ～d 〗〈飛行機などの気密室などが〉一定の気圧に保たれている, 与圧されている .4 …を (圧力なべで )調理する .

pressurized

pr é s sur ì zed 形容詞〖通例名詞の前で〗1 与圧された, 加圧された〈機内液体など〉.2 ｟英｠プレッシャーを感じた .

prestige

pres tige /prestíːʒ / (! 強勢は第2音節 ) 〖語源は「目をくらますこと」〗名詞 U 名声, 威信 , 評判 (status ); 〖形容詞的に〗名声のある ▸ have [enjoy ] prestige 名声がある ▸ lose the prestige of the nation 国家の威信を失う ▸ a prestige brand 有名ブランド

prestigious

pres ti gious /prestíːdʒəs |-tɪ́dʒəs /形容詞〖通例名詞の前で〗名声のある, 有名な, 評判の ; 高級の .

presto

pres to /préstoʊ /〖＜イタリア〗形容詞副詞〘楽〙急速な [に ].間投詞 →成句 hey presto .

presumably

pre sum a bly /prɪz j úːməb (ə )li /→presume 副詞〖主に文修飾〗｟かたく｠おそらく, たぶん (→may 読解のポイント , perhaps 語法 (3 )) (!動詞の前, 文頭, 節, to不定詞句の前などに置かれる; supposedlyと比べて確信度がかなり高い ) ▸ The bank would presumably be happy to lend money .銀行はおそらく喜んでお金を貸してくれるだろう

presume

pre sume /prɪ j zúːm /〖pre (前もって )sume (取る )〗動詞～s /-z /, ～d /-d /, -suming 他動詞 1 a. …を仮定する , 推定する ; 〖～ (that )節〗(証拠はないが十分な根拠があって )…であると想定する , …と考える ,思う (!進行形にしない ) ; 〖通例be ～d (to be ) C 〗Cと考えられている (!Cは形容詞名詞 ; 進行形にしない ) ▸ I presumed (that ) the job would be interesting and took it .私はその仕事をおもしろいと思い就職した ▸ Three climbers are missing and presumed dead .3人の登山者が行方不明で死亡していると考えられている b. ｟主に話｠〖I ～〗…と思いますが , …ではありませんか (!通例文末で文から独立した挿入節として; 時に疑問符を伴い確信度を下げたり相手に確認する ) ▸ “Doctor Kent, I presume ?” “And you must be Mr. Smith. ”「ケント先生, ですね」「あなたはスミスさんですね」2 ｟かたく｠〖～ to do 〗ずうずうしくも [厚かましくも ]…する (!通例否定文で ) ▸ I wouldn't presume to tell you what you should do with your money .私はあなたのお金をどうしろととやかく言うつもりはありません 3 ｟かたく｠〈考え計画などが〉〈ある事〉を前提とする ; 〖～ that節〗…ということを前提とする ▸ The economic plan presumes that the country will maintain its political stability .経済計画はその国が政治的安定を維持することが前提となっている自動詞 1 推定 [仮定 ]する ; 推量 [推測 ]する .2 ｟かたく｠ずうずうしく [厚かましく ]ふるまう [言う ].3 ｟かたく｠【善意友情などに】つけ込む «on , upon » .

presumption

pre sump tion /prɪzʌ́m (p )ʃ (ə )n /→presume 名詞複～s /-z /1 C U (十分な根拠に基づく ) «…という » 想定 , 仮定 , 前提 ; 確信 «that 節 » ▸ the presumption that both men and women are equal 男女平等という想定 2 C U 〘法〙推定 ▸ have a presumption of innocence 無実の推定を与えられている 3 U ｟かたくけなして｠ «…する » 厚かましさ , ずうずうしさ «to do » .4 C «…のための /…に反する » 推定 [推測 ]の根拠 «for /against » ; «…だという » 推定 [推測 ]の理由 , 見込み «that 節 » .

presumptive

pre sump tive /prɪzʌ́m (p )tɪv /形容詞推定の, 推定に基づく ; 推定の根拠となる ▸ an heir presumptive 推定相続人

presumptuous

pre sump tu ous /prɪzʌ́m (p )tʃuəs /形容詞〖通例be ～〗｟けなして｠〈人行為などが〉厚かましい, でしゃばった ; 高慢な .～ly 副詞～ness 名詞

presuppose

pre sup pose /prìːsəpóʊz /動詞 →suppose 他動詞｟かたく｠ (!進行形にしない ) 1 〖～ that節〗…と仮定する .2 …を前提とする .

presupposition

pre sup po si tion /prìːsʌ̀pəzɪ́ʃ (ə )n /名詞｟かたく｠1 C 推定されること [内容 ].2 U 推定, 予想 .